MARITIME USE OF GPS by Mahesh Alimchandani Nautical Advisor Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA)

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MARITIME USE OF GPSbyMahesh Alimchandani
Nautical AdvisorAustralian Maritime Safety
Authority (AMSA)
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AMSA

• A Commonwealth Authority
• Maritime safety regulator
• Largely self funded
• Seven member Board
• Approximately 200 staff

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Primary roles of AMSA

• Provide for high standards of maritime safety
• Prevent and combat ship-sourced marine pollution
• Provide infrastructure to support safe navigation
  in Australian waters
• Provide search rescue services to maritime
  aviation sectors

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DGPS coveragealongthe Queensland Coast
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Search and Rescue
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GPS in Search and Rescue (SAR)

• Effectiveness and efficiency of SAR operations
• Accurate reporting and presentation of SAR
  information (target location, drift etc.)
• Use in GIS
• Reduces incident costs

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GPS in marine pollution prevention and response

• Examples
• Location, tracking mapping of oil chemical
  spills at sea and ashore.
• Accurate deployment of spill vessel emergency
  response equipment.

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GPS in marine pollution prevention and response

• Examples (contd.)
• Determination of jurisdictional responsibility in
  maritime zones.
• Display of spatial data e.g. environmental
  resources under threat from pollution.

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GPS/GIS systems employed

• Hand held GPS systems (Palm top IPAQ)
• Desktop Geographic Information Systems (ArcView
  Arc GIS)
• Development of National Oil Spill Response Atlas
  (GIS)
• Satellite tracking of buoys (spill movement)
• Airborne satellite surveillance (investigations
  and enforcement)

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Universal AIS - Basic Features

• Automatic and autonomous transmission
• exchange of information such as ship name,
  position, speed and course over ground
• VHF maritime band - 2 designated channels
• communication in broadcast mode - everybody can
  see each other
• based on the 4S principle - Ship to Ship and
  Ship to Shore communications, using STDMA (Self
  Organising Time Division Multiple Access)
• High capacity - over 2000 position reports/min

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AIS-functional requirements

• ship-to-ship mode for collision avoidance
• as a means for littoral States to obtain
  information about a ship and its cargo
• as a VTS tool (traffic management)

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AIS - principles of STDMA
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Electronic Chart Display and Information System
(ECDIS)
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ECDIS

• Strictly regulated (via SOLAS)
• Integrated navigation display
• Automatic route monitoring
• Uses official electronic charts
• Automatic, regular chart updates

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Strategic Plan for Navigational Systems in
Australian waters

• SOLAS obligation
• Set with a ten-year outlook
• Key elements of the Plan
• Existing network to service current requirements
• Develop systems to sustain future performance
• Transparency to industry for levies spent

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Future systems

• Assessed using contemporary risk management
  practices
• Must respond to changes in
• Shipping patterns
• Technology
• Community expectations

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CONCLUSION

• Australias uniqueness (small population, large
  coastline, heavily dependent on seaborne trade).
• Australias on-going challenge
• enhancements in environment protection and safety
  standards versus the safe and efficient movement
  of vessels.
• Continue to be innovative and seek cost
  effective solutions.