Creationism News -- October 2012 ?????

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Creationism News -- October 2012 ????? 2012?10?

• Dedicated to David Coppedge who sacrificed his
  career as the Head Systems Administrator for the
  Cassini Spacecraft in JPL to honor the Creator
  of the Universe. He also spent literally
  thousands of hours to make his excellent
  websites.
• The contents of this presentation were taken from
  David Coppedges website http//crev.info. Pray
  for the Lords guidance and help in his excellent
  websites.
• Pastor Chui
• http//ChristCenterGospel.org
• ckchui1_at_yahoo.com

9/27/2014
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Children Act Like Scientists???????

• Toddlers express the basic aspects of scientific
  thinking finding cause and effect by the
  experimental method.
• Put a 2 to 4-year old in a sandbox with a shovel
  and a pail, and left to experiment, the child
  will figure out what works to get sand in the
  pail or move it to a bigger pail.  Give the child
  a music machine that turns on or off with two
  independent switches, and the child will find how
  to turn it on and off at will.  These are the
  findings of Alison Gopnick, who performed
  experiments with children at play and became
  convinced that, contrary to beliefs that children
  act irrationally and chaotically, the basics of
  scientific reasoning are present in the brains of
  young children.  She wrote in Science,

9/27/2014
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Children Act Like Scientists???????

• New theoretical ideas and empirical research show
  that very young childrens learning and thinking
  are strikingly similar to much learning and
  thinking in science. Preschoolers test hypotheses
  against data and make causal inferences
  they learn from statistics and informal
  experimentation, and from watching and listening
  to others. The mathematical framework
  of probabilistic models and Bayesian
  inference can describe this learning in precise
  ways.
• Source Alison Gopnick, Scientific Thinking in
  Young Children Theoretical Advances, Empirical
  Research, and Policy Implications, Science, 28
  September 2012 Vol. 337 no. 6102 pp.
  16231627, DOI 10.1126/science.1223416.

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Children Act Like Scientists???????

• The paper was summarized on Medical Xpress, What
  looks like play may really be a science
  experiment, and on Live Science, The Preschool
  Laboratory Young Children Think Like
  Scientists.
• Live Science posted another article, Why
  politicians need to think like scientists. 
  Various inferences can be drawn by comparing the
  two articles.

9/27/2014
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Children Act Like Scientists???????

• Its not surprising that children have the basic
  instincts to reason about the world in a rational
  manner and think like scientists, because they
  are created in the image of a rational God. 
  Whats surprising is that some scientists act
  like children.  Take away their Darwin dollie and
  they throw a tantrum.

9/27/2014
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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
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• Scientists continue mining the biomimicry
  bonanza, but some still give all the credit to
  time and evolution.
• Here are three new biomimetics articles about
  plants.
• Sunflowers as solar energy models  A clever
  short video on Live Science finds nature, once
  again, providing the optimum solution to a
  problem.  The problem is arranging mirrors in a
  giant solar collection facility so as to minimize
  shadows.  The solution mimic the sunflower.  The
  spiral arrangement of florets in the center of a
  sunflower, following the Fibonacci series, turns
  out to pack the most light collection in the
  smallest space while minimizing shadows on other
  mirrors.  The video did not mention another
  property that solar farms would have difficulty
  imitating sunflowers exist on stalks that can
  turn and follow the sun.

9/27/2014
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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
8????????

• Diatoms can feed, speed the world  We are
  surrounded by bounteous resources we can hardly
  imagine microscopic organisms in water that live
  in glass houses, called diatoms. PhysOrg writes,
  Ancient diatoms could make biofuels, electronics
  and health foodat the same time.  Researchers
  at Oregon State are creating a photosynthetic
  biorefinery, the article says, getting the
  little nanofactories to make customized products
  by special order.  Give them water, some minerals
  and sunshine, and they could make a steady stream
  of affordable, eco-friendly products biofuels,
  biomedical products, and even semiconductors. 
  The key to all of this is the diatom itself,
  a natural nanotechnology factory that has been
  found in the fossil record for more than 100
  million years.

9/27/2014
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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
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• Drugs on demand from plants  Plants make a host
  of aromatic compounds they use for signaling,
  defense and symbiosis.  Now, mimicking a crucial
  but obscure biochemical phenomenon, scientists
  at Scripps have followed natures lead to
  figure out how to make terpenes, compounds hard
  to synthesize in the lab but made routinely by
  plants.  This could lead to faster and cheaper
  manufacture of drugs like the anti-cancer agent
  Taxol.  Science Daily quoted the senior
  investigator who said, Its exciting for us
  because were now making molecules that have
  never been made in the laboratory before, and
  weve done this by first observing what nature
  does.

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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
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• Biomimicry on a Roll
• One article really excited about biomimetics can
  be found on PhysOrg from Mother Nature Network,
  titled Biomimicry Science inspired by nature
  could feed the hungry, reduce impact of
  technology.  This implies that many of our
  problems in civilization are not for lack of
  resources, but lack of know-how.  That know-how
  is all around us in plants and animals.  Whales,
  butterflies and fungi are just three of the
  examples in the article that can lead to more
  efficient machinery, more productive food crops,
  better medical devices and much, much more.

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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
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• Biomimicry looks for how nature performs a
  function, Marie Zanowick, a certified biomimicry
  professional for the Environmental Protection
  Agency, told Boulder Weekly. It mimics natural
  strategy and the best design principles on this
  planet.
• Design principles as humans devise them usually
  require many brain cycles of research and
  development (RD).  Thats true in nature, too,
  the article said.  In order to adapt, be
  resource-efficient, integrate development with
  growth, be eco-friendly and responsive to the
  environment, living things have learned RD. 
  Its based on 3.8 billion years of research and
  development, and the only organisms that survive
  are the ones that follow lifes principles.

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Nature 3.8 Billion Years of RD ???? 3 ?
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• Need we keep repeating that neo-Darwinism is
  completely, totally, and irrevocably incapable of
  RD?  Evolution is blind.  It has no foresight. 
  It has no purpose.  It cannot, therefore, come up
  with design principles.  Giving it billions of
  years doesnt help it makes things worse.
• Once we purge the last remaining fallacies out of
  biomimetics, it is poised to usher in a golden
  age of science grounded on what should be its
  foundation intelligent design.

9/27/2014
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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• Animals and microbes continue to inspire
  technologies that could provide better health and
  security.
• Cell switches and diagnosis  Want to get faster
  results from that blood test?  Science Daily has
  a headline to perk your interest Bioengineers
  Design Rapid Diagnostic Tests Inspired by
  Nature.  It only gets better from there
• By mimicking natures own sensing mechanisms,
  bioengineers at UC Santa Barbara and University
  of Rome Tor Vergata have designed inexpensive
  medical diagnostic tests that take only a few
  minutes to perform. Their findings may aid
  efforts to build point-of-care devices for quick
  medical diagnosis of sexually transmitted
  diseases (STDs), allergies, autoimmune diseases,
  and a number of other diseases. The new
  technology could dramatically impact world
  health, according to the research team.

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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• All living things use nanoswitches to respond
  to the environment, the article continued.  The
  key breakthrough underlying this new
  technology came from observing nature.  Cell
  surfaces, for instance, are covered with
  receptors that switch on and off depending on
  molecules detected.  The technology is not only
  effective, its beautiful The beauty of these
  switches is that they are able to work directly
  in very complex environments such as whole
  blood.  In a few years, we may be able to get
  results of diagnostic tests in mere minutes
  instead of days.

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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• Enzymatic assembly lines  All systems go at the
  nanofactory, reads another headline on Science
  Daily.  Researchers at LMU have created little
  green men in the form of fluorescent proteins
  that can help them guide delicate parts into
  position with nanometer precision.  Green light
  on protein assembly! the subtitle exclaims. 
  Assembling parts at this scale is like working in
  a hurricane, with all the thermal motions and
  molecular interference.  As the researchers
  attempt to imitate what cells do routinely, they
  are also gaining insight into how cellular
  machines work.  If we can efficiently build
  mimics of these enzymatic assembly lines by
  bringing individual proteins together, we
  could perhaps make a significant contribution to
  the exploitation of sustainable energy sources.

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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• Go to the ant, lesson 17  Ants make good
  teachers, an article on PhysOrg implies.  They
  avoid information overload by sharing
  information in efficient ways.  Complicated
  decisions, like comparing nest sites, are
  resolved by the entire colony rather than by lone
  geniuses.  Living in a group is costly in many
  ways, so ants must get some benefit from doing
  it, said Stephen Pratt at Arizona State
  University.  By sharing the burden of
  decision-making, colonies avoid the mistakes that
  a solitary animal makes when taking on too much
  information.  Whats great about these ants is
  that we can see exactly how they do this, by
  making sure that no ant has to process more
  information than it is able to.  If youre
  reeling from too much multi-tasking, tell your
  boss you want to go to ant class.  Pratt added
  that this is one problem ants can solve, but
  that there are other problems ants face that we
  might be able to learn from.

9/27/2014
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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• Robo-tuna  Tuna is not just for eating in
  sandwiches, but for improving security.  Live
  Science said, Speedy tuna capable of swimming
  tirelessly in the Earths oceans
  have inspired the U.S. Department of Homeland
  Security to fund a lookalike robot for underwater
  patrols.  The shape of the tunas body, combined
  with its strong muscles and short turning radius,
  make it an ideal model for maneuverability and
  efficiency.  Astrobiology Magazine said of humble
  tuna fish, theyre one of the fastest and most
  maneuverable creatures on the planet, having
  extraordinary abilities at both high and low
  speeds due to their streamlined bodies and a
  finely tuned muscular/sensory/control system.  A
  developer of the battery-powered surveillance
  device called BIO Swimmer said, Were using
  nature as a basis for design and
  engineering a system that works exceedingly well.

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Animal Models for Technology ?????????

• Whats a biomimetics article doing on the
  evolution-saturated NASA Astrobiology site?  They
  had to get their Darwin hooks into the story
  somehow.  These technologies could also
  have applications in exploring some of Earths
  most extreme environments, helping
  astrobiologists understand the limits of life on
  Earth, the article ended.  In the future,
  biomimetic robotic technology could also have
  many uses in exploration beyond our own planet. 
  Pathetic.  Exploration requires intelligent
  design.  Evolution is of no use to your story
  drop the quaint Victorian myth, chuck Chuck, and
  get with the I.D. program that is driving the
  Biomimetics Revolution.

9/27/2014
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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Fossils are doing just fine, but the scientists
  who interpret them are having a rough week (or
  century).
• Vege-Fang
• It looks like a dinosaur in a scary Halloween
  costume, but its just a nice little guy that ate
  vegetables, Science Daily announced New Fanged
  Dwarf Dinosaur from Africa Ate Plants.  Live
  Science even identified the costume Dracula
  Dinosaur Had Bristles and Fangs.  Sure enough,
  the artist gave it the scariest demeanor
  possible.  Trick or treat toss it a radish. 
  Even with scary fangs, Pegomastax africanus,
  found in South Africa 50 years ago but
  languished in a museum drawer till recently,
  was apparently a vegetarian.  This goes to show
  one cant always tell carnivory by the teeth.

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• It was small, too, weighing less than a house
  cat.  National Geographic said, New Fanged Dwarf
  Dinosaur FoundWould Be Nice Pet. 
  Paleontologists think it might have used its
  porcupine-like bristles and fangs for defense or
  display, but mostly the teeth and jaws worked
  like self-sharpening scissors for shearing plant
  parts.  Live Science promised the little critter
  may shed light on evolution, but didnt say
  exactly how neither did Science Now. 
  Evolutionary paleontologist Paul Sereno U of
  Chicago ventured some light in National
  Geographics article  Whats more, the study
  revealed that P. africanus sophisticated jaw
  structure was ahead of its time, Sereno
  noted. Such structures evolved again millions of
  years later in mammals.  Sereno did not point
  out where his light was shining.

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Vege-Behemoth
• Speaking of vegetarians (and speaking of animals
  ahead of their time), evolutionists now say that
  duckbill dinosaurs were better equipped for
  eating plants than horses are (sidebar grazing
  mammals supposedly evolved much later).  Charles
  Choi reported on Live Science that Vegetarian
  Dinosaurs Were Champion Chompers.  He began,
  Giant plant-eating dinosaurs may have been
  champion chewers up there with the likes of
  mammals such as horses, bison or
  elephants, researchers say.  Some hadrosaurs had
  1400 teeth with flat, grinding surfaces perfect
  for grinding tough plants and they could
  replace them when they wore out.  Their teeth
  were composed of six types of tissue that
  migrated, exposing different surfaces as the
  teeth migrated across the chewing surfaces in the
  mouths of the dinosaurs over time.  With teeth
  like that, The finding could help explain why
  these behemoths dominated the plains of Europe,
  Asia and North America during the last part of
  the age of dinosaurs, Choi speculated.
•  

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Hadrosaurs were as sophisticated, if not more
  sophisticated, than any known mammal, one
  paleontologist said.  This makes it sound like
  evolution has been going downhill.  They thought
  dinosaur teeth would resemble those of other
  reptiles, like alligators, but found something
  quite different.  The complexity of hadrosaurid
  teeth would have proved excellent tools for
  handling tough, gritty plants, but can we trust
  their opinions?  Evolutionists can look a gift
  horse in the mouth, but We still dont have a
  good understanding even of how horse teeth work,
  one of them confessed.  PhysOrg posted a
  cross-section of the remarkably complex
  architecture of one tooth of a hadrosaur
  (Edmontosaurus). 

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Six tissues is four more than reptiles have, and
  two more than horses.  Some of the tissues
  apparently functioned to prevent cavities and
  abscesses.  Not even vegan humans can boast that
  evolutionary innovation.
• One more thing.  These teeth avoided decay for a
  long, long time, in their view.  We were stunned
  to find that the mechanical properties of the
  teeth were preserved after 70 million years of
  fossilization, Gregory Erickson on Mark Norells
  team said, if you put these teeth back into a
  living dinosaur they would function perfectly.
•  

9/27/2014
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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Lemur-Fish
• Whoops a fossil thought to be that of a lemur (a
  primate) for over a century has now been
  reclassified as a fish.  No kidding.  Thats No
  Primate Its a Fish! Science Daily exclaimed. Ph
  ysOrg echoed, Fossilthought for over a century
  to be the only trace of a prehistoric primateis
  actually that of a fish.  Paleontologists often
  pride themselves on how much they can tell about
  a creature from just a fragment.  They had even
  given this one a name Arrhinolemur
  scalabrinii  which translates literally
  to Scalabrinis lemur without a nose.  Pedro
  Scalabrini would be really embarrassed right now
  (he was a fossil hunter for whom it was named in
  1898).
•  

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• George Gaylord Simpson had doubted the
  classification half a century later and suggested
  it was fishy.  In 1986, Alvaro Mones agreed, even
  specifying the fish family.  But it wasnt until
  two years ago that Argentinian scientists looked
  into it with more detail and settled on the fish
  identification.  Evolutionary paleontologists
  took credit anyway, saying, It also helps us
  analyze evolutionary transitions  we can look at
  in the past and compare them to similar fish
  today to see what features have changed over
  time and try to understand why.  It would seem
  that proper identification is a prerequisite for
  understanding.  114 years of misidentification is
  a rather long time.

9/27/2014
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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Mammoth Boy
• An 11-year-old Russian boy made the find of a
  lifetime a nearly complete mammoth carcass in
  the tundra of northern Russia one of the
  best-preserved mammoths ever found. 
  Paleontologists claim it is 30,000 years old. 
  The article indicates that DNA is not expected to
  survive such ages for resurrecting a mammoth,
  even though cloning experiments are underway
  elsewhere.  A big obstacle, of course, is
  degraded, ice-damaged DNA, New Scientists
  report said, even though it would seem an ice
  freezer would offer the best possible
  preservation.
•  

9/27/2014
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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Evolutionary Weight Gain
• For neo-Darwinism to be true, mammoths had to
  have tiny ancestors, maybe like mice (note this
  is not an Aesops Fable at least, not
  intentionally).  PhysOrg stepped to explain to
  the world about Small winners in the mammalian
  race to evolve.  Speaking for evolutionists at
  Monash University, PhysOrg explains how they
  examined the fossil record through evolutionary
  glasses (We chose the generation as our basic
  measure of evolutionary time, as it is the
  shortest interval over which evolutionary change
  can occur) , and deduced that it takes 24
  million generations for a mouse to become an
  elephant, but only two million to shed all that
  weight and become tiny again. 
•  

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Tom Wellers cartoon of a pond hippopotamus on a
  lily pad comes to mind.  Where are the
  mouse-sized elephants, if they can lose weight
  much faster than gain it?  Bigger is not always
  better, the reader is informed, except when it
  is, or else elephants would not have appeared
  from tiny creatures by evolution.  Alistair Evans
  almost expected incredulity Believe it or not,
  the ancestors of elephants were once as small as
  mice, he said.  The option to disbelieve it is
  therefore held open.  

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• Molluscs Complex to Simple
• A new fossil has been dubbed the ancestor of
  molluscs.  One problem it is more complex than
  its descendants.  The armoured aplacophoran
  name Kulindroplax, described in Nature,1 is
  touted as the a kind of missing link with a
  worm-like body, bearing a series of shells like
  those of a chiton or coat-of-mail shell by
  co-author Derek Briggs of Yale, according to the
  write-up on Science Daily.   The reader is
  assured this discovery reinforces previous
  findings from molecular sequencing studies
  and helps clarify the evolutionary relationships
  of mollusks, only to be told later that mollusc
  evolution has been controversial for a long time
  particularly the worm-like group called
  aplacophorans (without armor)

9/27/2014
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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• The evolutionary relationships of worm-like
  mollusks, known as Aplacophora, has been
  a subject of controversy. Previously thought to
  be a product of the explosion of diversity during
  the early Cambrian period, they are now shown to
  have evolved probably 4050 million years ago by
  losing shells like those on Kulindroplax.
• What this means is that the more complex animals
  came out of the Cambrian explosion, and the
  simpler ones evolved much more recently.  Kulindop
  lax is said to be 425 million years old, younger
  than the Cambrian explosion but much older than
  4050 million years ago.  Thats why the
  articles headline asked, Which Came First,
  Shells or No Shells? Ancient Mollusk Tells a
  Contrary Story contrary, that is, to what
  evolutionists expected.
•  

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• How this fossil helps evolutionary theory is not
  clear, particularly when The interrelationships
  of the Mollusca  one of the most diverse and
  species-rich animal phyla  have been
  contentious, according to the Editors summary
  of the paper in Nature.1 Indeed, the authors
  concurred that relationships among major
  molluscan taxa have long been a subject of
  controversy.  Putting the more complex animal at
  the beginning, and the simpler animal as the more
  recent one, does not seem a good way to reduce
  contentiousness.
• 1. Sutton, Briggs et al., A Silurian armoured
  aplacophoran and implications for molluscan
  phylogeny, Nature 490, 04 October 2012, pp.
  9497, doi10.1038/nature11328.)

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Lemur-fish, Vege-fang and other Fossil Follies
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• The implication for molluscan phylogeny, and all
  phylogeny, is that Darwinism is tosh
  (10/25/2011).  Its followers should say Bosh! and
  quash it.  We keep putting the evidence out
  there, right out of evolutionists own
  discoveries, hoping it will lead to a new
  Darwinian revolution from inside out, i.e., a
  revolt against sloppy speculation in the name of
  science in support of a predetermined
  naturalistic worldview.
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• The Great Salt Lake and other large extinct
  inland seas in the desert remain a challenge to
  explain by conventional geology.
• A press release from Stanford University suggests
  that Tropical rain may have formed Utahs Great
  Salt Lake, says Stanford Researcher, but
  problems appear further down.  First, we learn
  that this is an old problem
• Between 20,000 and 14,000 years ago,
  the deserts in the American Southwest
  were covered with enormous lakes. How all that
  water got there has long puzzled Earth
  scientists, but new work by a group of scientists
  that includes a Stanford climate
  researcher could provide an answer.
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• These lakes covered about a quarter of both
  Nevada and Utah.  Till recently, the leading
  explanation called for a shift in the jet stream
  that dumped more precipitation in the southwest
  in the past.  Problem that theory should show
  increased wetness from the coast inland that is
  not found.  That explanation has been ruled
  out, the press release indicated.
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• The researcher to the rescue is appropriately
  named he is Noah Diffenbaugh, an assistant
  professor of environmental Earth system science
  at Stanfords School of Earth Sciences.  His
  theory calls for tropical rains from storms
  coming inland from the Pacific and Gulf.  These
  storms conspired to dump vast quantities of water
  in Utah and Nevada that formed giant lakes that
  dried up after the stormy period. Noah and
  colleagues published their idea in Science (Lyle
  et al., Out of the Tropics The Pacific, Great
  Basin Lakes, and Late Pleistocene Water Cycle in
  the Western United States, Science 28 September
  2012 Vol. 337 no. 6102 pp. 16291633, DOI
  10.1126/science.1218390).

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• We think that the extra precipitation may have
  come in the summer, enhancing the now weak summer
  monsoon in the desert southwest. But we need more
  information about what season the storms
  arrived to strengthen this speculation, said
  Mitchell Lyle, a professor of oceanography at
  Texas AM University and lead author of the
  study.
• They plan to drill dry lakebed sediments for
  clues. Nevertheless, as it stands, their
  hypothesis leaves many unknowns, betrayed by the
  number of times they used words like maybe and
  perhaps.

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• With the data now in existence, it is impossible
  to determine whether summer precipitation was
  more enhanced than winter precipitation between
  17 and 14 ka. However, if winter storms were the
  major precipitation source, it is difficult to
  understand why coastal California remained
  dry. The evidence suggests that precipitation in
  the glacial western United States originated from
  the tropical eastern Pacific, perhaps via
  stronger spring/summer precipitation fed by
  tropical air masses rather than higher numbers of
  westerly winter storms.
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• The hypothesis, or speculation as Lyle called it,
  leaves unanswered why the storms brought in so
  much precipitation then and not now, and why they
  impacted the Great Basin so heavily but not the
  coast of California.  Is there any other place on
  earth where inland seas have been observed to
  grow year after year from tropical storms in a
  restricted region?  If so, they didnt refer to
  any modern analogues.  They just invoked the
  trendy phrase climate change.
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
???????????

• The Flood explains these lakes in a
  straightforward and plausible manner.  After the
  global flood, any landlocked basin retained its
  water.  In addition, increased precipitation
  during the (one) Ice Age kept them filled.  As
  climate conditions subsided and stabilized over
  the next few centuries, some of the lakes
  breached their dams and drained out.  Many
  remnants of these escape channels can be seen
  today, such as the Channeled Scablands of eastern
  Washington. 
•  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• The Grand Canyon is likely a relic of a colossal
  dam breach, as both Walt Brown and Steve
  Austin have proposed.  Smaller dam breach events
  are recognized by secular geologists, like the
  cascade of lakes from Owens Valley down to Lake
  Manly, now the parched playa in Death Valley. 
  Austin also found evidence for a catastrophic dam
  breach that explains the Santa Cruz river canyon
  in Argentina, a river that had misled Charles
  Darwin to believe in Lyells slow and gradual
  millions of years (see video on YouTube).  

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Explaining Inland Seas Without a Flood
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• Creation geologists ascribe these lakes to
  effects of a one-time event, the global Flood. 
  From small-scale analogues we can extrapolate to
  the kinds of forces necessary to create the lakes
  and canyons.  The required forces are far beyond
  anything observed today, undermining Charles
  Lyells concept of the present is the key to the
  past (uniformitarianism), a Victorian myth
  largely discarded today anyway (5/22/2003,11/04/20
  03, 4/30/2009).  By contrast, the calculated
  forces fit well with the global flood model.
•  

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• The problem Noah Diffenbaugh and Mitchell Lyle
  face when attempting to provide a secular,
  materialist hypothesis for the dried-up inland
  seas is coming up with a law of nature that can
  account for them.  If tropical rains or jet
  streams cause giant lakes, why are they not
  building up vast inland seas today?  Why arent
  hurricanes creating new Lake Bonnevilles in
  Louisiana that we can watch grow year by year? 
  Why then, and not now? What was different?  Dont
  just say climate change.
•  

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• Secular scientists generally discourage ad hoc
  mechanisms in theories.  While the Flood is a
  singular event, it is not ad hoc.  It has written
  testimony for support the detailed record in
  Genesis 69.  Textual evidence suggests the
  record could have been originally written by
  Noah, an eyewitness, then handed down through his
  son Shem and his descendents, eventually compiled
  by Moses (the Babylonian and other accounts, with
  their absurdities, being corruptions of the real
  event).
•  

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• Contrasted with all the failures of Darwin and
  Lyell, the Genesis explanation should be taken
  seriously on its merits, whether or not the
  secularists mock, as they were predicted to do
  nearly two millennia ago (2 Peter 319)
  another independent corroboration.  Which Noah is
  more trustworthy one who wasnt there, who
  leans on Charlie Charlie, or one who was an
  eyewitness and told us what happened, with
  effects we can still see today with our own eyes?
•  

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Peer Reviewed Research The Fraud Explosion
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• Ethicists are becoming alarmed at the explosive
  increase in scientific fraud cases and those
  are just the ones that were caught.
• Fraud on the Rise
• Its a truism that scientific research requires
  honesty (as with any intellectual endeavor).  For
  some reason, fraud cases have increased
  dramatically.  Is it due to better detection and
  reporting, or to a disturbing trend that no
  longer values honesty in academia?  Some recent
  articles weigh in on the problem.

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• In Nature News Oct 1, an article headlined,
  Misconduct is the main cause of life-sciences
  retractions.  Thats misconduct in contrast to
  slipshod error, as Zoe Corbyn expressed
• Conventional wisdom says that most retractions of
  papers in scientific journals are triggered
  by unintentional errors. Not so, according to one
  of the largest-ever studies of retractions. A
  survey published in Proceedings of the National
  Academy of Sciences has found that two-thirds of
  retracted life-sciences papers were stricken from
  the scientific record because of misconduct such
  as fraud or suspected fraud and that journals
  sometimes soft-pedal the reason.

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• Results of the survey were published
  in PNAS (Fang, Steen and Casadevall, Misconduct
  accounts for the majority of retracted scientific
  publications, PNAS October 1, 2012, doi
  10.1073/pnas.1212247109).  Of the 2,047 retracted
  papers surveyed, 43 were fraud cases and 24
  were due to either duplicate publication or
  plagiarism.  And this was from leading journals,
  including Nature, Science, and PNAS itself.  Only
  a fifth, Science Insider said, were due to
  mistakes.  Science Magazine (Random Sample, Oct
  5) noted that while plagiarism predominated in
  China, fraud predominated in the United
  States.  New Scientist said these numbers were
  higher than thought.  The Scientist speculated
  about the reasons

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• The disproportionate number of fraud-related
  retractions from high-IF journals likely reflects
  the pressures on scientists to publish impressive
  data in prestigious journals. Theres
  greater reward, said Resnik, and
  more temptation to bend the rules.
• But lots of people work under stress without
  bending the rules, and temptations hit everyone. 
  Scientists are supposed to be models of
  integrity, arent they?  Whatever the reason,
  research misconduct is not a victimless crime. 
  One of the ethicists conducting the survey wanted
  to dispel any notion that scientific misconduct
  may be a crime that only affects the
  perpetrators.  Scientists often publish on
  issues society really cares about.

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• Science Insider tried to whitewash the problem
  with statistics
• Although retractions are on the rise, they remain
  relatively rare in science. Well under 0.1 of
  papers in PubMed have been retracted, the study
  found the database contains more than 25 million
  papers going back to the 1940s.
• The problem with that analysis is that nobody
  knows how many papers should have been retracted
  but were never exposed for fraud, error, or
  misconduct.  Thats not just an idle concern. 
  Whats troubling is that the more skillful the
  fraud, the less likely that it will be
  discovered, so there likely are more fraudulent
  papers out there that havent yet been detected
  and retracted, said Dr. Arturo Casadevall, lead
  author of the paper (quoted in Science Daily). 
  And then theres the question, why are
  retractions on the rise?  Why now?

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• Science Daily listed Casadevalls suggestions for
  improvement such as, more emphasis on quality
  over quantity, less rating for impact, more
  cooperation and collaboration, and better funding
  processes.  These would undoubtedly help, but one
  can imagine whole groups conspiring to commit
  fraud if honesty is not valued.

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• Shocking Self-Promotion
• The Scientist uncovered another trend in fraud
  self-congratulation.  Some scientists are logging
  in under another name and writing great reviews
  of their own work.
• At least four scientists have been cheating the
  peer review system in a whole new way when
  submitting a paper to a scientific journal, they
  suggest reviewers with email addresses that track
  back to themselves then they write a glowing
  review. I find it very shocking, Laura
  Schmidt, an Elsevier publisher, told The
  Chronicle. Its very serious, very manipulative,
  and very deliberate. .
• This has taken a lot of people by surprise,
  Irene Hames, a member of the Committee on
  Publication Ethics that advises journals on how
  to handle misconduct, said in an e-mail to The
  Chronicle. It should be a wake-up call to any
  journals that dont have rigorous reviewer
  selection and screening in place.

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• Psychologist, Shrink Thyself
• As reported earlier, some high-profile cases of
  fraud have come from the psychologist community. 
  Now, according to Nature News, Nobel laureate
  Daniel Kahneman is calling on them to clean up
  their act.  He wants them to restore the
  credibility of their field by creating a
  replication ring to check each others results. 
  He told them in an email, your field is now the
  poster child for doubts about the integrity of
  psychological research.  I believe that you
  should collectively do something about this mess.

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• Diederich Stapel, one of the poster children for
  psychology fraud, is now under investigation by
  Dutch prosecutors, according to Science Now.  25
  of his papers have been retracted and others are
  being considered for retraction.  He had received
  2.2 million euros in research funding.  Other
  high-profile cases include Dirk Smeesters
  (7/05/2012), Lawrence Sanna, and Marc Hauser
  (9/05/2012)
• Kahneman proposed a daisy chain of replication
  to avoid unverified results.  Norbert Schwarz, a
  social psychologist from U of Michigan, agrees
  something must be done.  I hope that this
  becomes part of a broader movement in psychology
  to be more self-critical, and to see if there are
  gaps in the way we do everyday science.

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• Sleeping at the Syringe
• Another shocking fraud case was by an
  anesthesiologist, Yoshitaka Fujii in Tokyo. 
  David Cyranoski wrote in Nature News, Retraction
  record rocks community Anaesthesiology tries
  to move on after fraud investigations.  This is
  not one persons problem, Cyranoski showed
• One of the biggest purges of the scientific
  literature in history is finally getting under
  way. After more than a decade of suspicion about
  the work of anaesthesiologist Yoshitaka Fujii,
  formerly of Toho University in Tokyo,
  investigations by journals and universities have
  concluded that he fabricated data on an epic
  scale. At least half of the roughly 200 papers he
  authored on responses to drugs after surgery are
  in line for retraction in the coming months.

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• Like many cases of fraud, this one has raised
  questions about how the misconduct went
  undetected for so long. But the scope and
  duration of Fujiis deception have shaken
  multiple journals and the entire field of
  anaesthesiology, which has seen other
  high-profile frauds in the past few years.

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• Unquestionably, this could be serious. 
  Fraudulent claims about drugs could conceivably
  reach right into the hospital where your loved
  one is trusting the doctors advice on
  medication.  Suspicions arose about Fujii when he
  published more papers than seemed possible in the
  amount of time, and they looked too perfect. 
  By spreading his publications out in multiple
  journals, he avoided some of the suspicion. 
  Another trick, since he worked for five
  institutions, was to claim that ethics approval
  for studies had been granted at a previous post.

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• While Fujiis is an exceptional case, colleagues
  are worried about their field.  One who suspected
  the fraud doesnt want to write off Fujii as
  merely a bad apple.  Its a system failure, he
  said.  Indeed, if peer review and replication are
  not working, the vaunted self-correcting
  quality of scientific research is compromised.

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• Assessment
• Perhaps no other field of scholarly activity
  generates as much writing as science
  publications that are supposed to be peer
  reviewed, inspected, and replicated.  Thousands
  of titles are printed and posted every week by
  labs all over the world.  For the self-checking
  processes of science to work, fellow scientists
  would have to spend vast amounts of their time
  replicating other scientists results.  How could
  they?  Even if they could, they might be
  motivated by rivalry or the desire for approval
  from superiors.  Some research is clearly too
  difficult to replicate how many countries can
  build a Large Hadron Collider to look for the
  Higgs boson? Much work is not reproducible
  without great effort or luck, like snapping a
  photo of an ivory woodpecker.

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• Peer review and replication remain idealistic in
  principle but too often unattainable in
  practice.  Consequently, vast numbers of
  scientific papers slide through the process
  without adequate review, attaining the illusion
  of validity in the publics eye.  When fraud is
  caught, its often long after the damage has been
  done.  The Scientist gave the example of the
  measles epidemic that resulted when parents
  feared, based on a fraudulent study, that
  inoculations caused autism.
• While it may be encouraging to see rising concern
  over scientific fraud and misconduct, whos
  watching the watchers?  Somebody, somewhere, has
  to abide by some pretty old-fashioned values
  courage and integrity.

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• Integrity evolve that, Darwin.  Rule if it
  evolves, its not integrity.
• In the article on Marc Hauser (9/05/2012), we
  made the point that evolutionary materialists
  really have nothing to complain about.  Cheating
  is part of evolutionary game theory.  Cheaters
  are necessary to produce the evolution of
  morality Hauser himself taught that in his own
  book, and his colleagues all agree.  How can they
  fault him for living consistent with his own
  views?  He was performing a necessary role.  For
  those who take this view of morality, all the
  cheaters mentioned in this article should get
  rewards.

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• Critics might respond that misconduct is rife in
  churches, too.  Its true.  From time to time,
  high-profile pastors get exposed for sexual
  misconduct.  Some preachers plagiarize others
  work by downloading sermons and preaching them as
  if their own.  Yes, there are sinners in the
  church!

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• The difference is that the Biblical
  worldview accounts for sin evolution does not. 
  Bible believers know that God is holy, but humans
  are fallen. While the Bible teaches that we are
  each responsible for our sin, and have no excuse,
  we all sin.  The history of sinners, even among
  great men like King David, is long even the most
  righteous among us knows temptation and
  stumbling.  But the Bible is also a story of
  redemption.  Christ came into the world to save
  sinners (Romans 5611). 

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• Accepting his gift of righteousness, purchased by
  his death on the cross, provides imputed (legal)
  righteousness before God, but practical
  righteousness only over time.  The Christian life
  is a long process of sanctification that will not
  be completed in this lifetime.  Christ founded
  the church (Matthew 161319) as a community of
  disciples who would encourage and admonish each
  other toward righteousness (Colossians 3), with
  godly leaders teaching and applying His inspired
  Word (I Peter 5), which is profitable for
  doctrine, reproof, correction, and instruction in
  righteousness (I Timothy 316).

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• The point is that the Biblical worldview accounts
  for sin and has means for dealing with it.  The
  more a church maintains high standards, is aware
  of sources of temptation, has policies for
  transparency and accountability, the less likely
  major cases of misconduct will appear. 
  Nevertheless, because of our fallenness and
  ever-present temptation, some will stumble and
  fall into sin.  When it happens, there are
  Biblical policies for dealing with it
  (e.g., Matthew 18), and redemptive policies for
  rehabilitating the sinner (II Corinthians 237).

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• The secular scientific community, by contrast,
  pretends shock and dismay over the misconduct of
  their members, but cannot account for why the
  misconduct is wrong.  There is no should in
  evolutionary theory.  They cant say stuff should
  happen, and other stuff should not happen they
  can only say stuff happens.

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• The only way secularists can set up ethics
  boards, policies and procedures, and investigate
  and punish misconduct is to borrow from
  Judeo-Christian moral principles.  They have to
  steal from the smorgasbord of Christian values. 
  This means they have to commit misconduct
  (plagiarism and theft) to fight misconduct! 
  Reaching into their own beliefs, they have no
  grounds for calling anything of the above
  incidents wrong.  Its all evolutionary games it
  just happens, like hyenas sneaking in bites at
  the lions catch.  Conceivably, a new power could
  evolve that would make right wrong and wrong
  right.  Ethics boards in an evolutionary future
  might punish the honest folks and reward the
  cheats.  (Wait thats already happenede.g., in
  communist countries built on Darwinian ethics.)

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• We shouldnt let the Casadevalls, Schmidts and
  Kahnemans of the secular science community
  pretend righteous indignation when, to the
  scientific consensus, righteousness evolved by an
  amoral, aimless process of natural selection
  (9/12/2012).  Only those whose worldview can
  ground righteousness in timeless, unchanging
  attributes of a righteous Creator have the
  justification for righteous indignation.  This
  means that only Bible believers are qualified to
  rise up and demand honesty and integrity from
  scientists.  Let them do their duty with all
  diligence, considering themselves, lest they also
  be tempted (Galatians 615).

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• Baboons monitored for personality did best if
  they fell in the Nice category.
• Science Now put up a headline that would have
  surprised Darwin For Some Primates, Survival of
  the Nicest.  Three evolutionists watched 45
  baboons for 7 years and classified their
  behaviors based on their grunts, and their
  hormones from droppings.

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• We identified three relatively stable personality
  dimensions, each characterized by a distinct
  suite of behaviors that were not redundant with
  dominance rank or the availability of kin.
  Females scoring high on the Nice
  dimension were friendly to all females and often
  grunted to lower-ranking females to signal benign
  intent. Aloof females were aggressive, less
  friendly, and grunted primarily to higher-ranking
  females. Loner females were often alone,
  relatively unfriendly, and also grunted most
  often to higher-ranking females. Aloof and Loner
  females were rarely approached by others.

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• Personality dimensions were correlated in
  different ways with three measures previously
  shown to be associated with fitness stress
  levels and two behavioral indices reflecting the
  closeness of dyadic bonds formed by individuals.
  Females who scored high on Nice had high
  composite sociality indices (CSI) and stable
  partner preferences, whereas females who scored
  high on Aloof had lower CSI scores but
  significantly more stable partner preferences.
  Loner females had significantly lower CSI scores,
  less stable partner preferences, and
  significantly higher glucocorticoid levels. 
  (Seyfarth, Silk, and Cheney, Variation in
  personality and fitness in wild female
  baboons, PNAS, 73/pnas.1210780109 PNAS October
  1, 2012.)

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• This finding seems to contradict over a century
  and a half of Darwinian thinking.  By being a
  nice baboon, you increase the likelihood of
  having strong social bonds, which in turn
  translates to a better chance of passing on your
  genes, Live Science wrote in It pays to be a
  nice baboon.  Actually, the experiment found
  both Nice and Aloof females doing about the same
  in terms of reproductive fitness.  The only
  losers were the loners.  Whatever the findings
  say about evolution appears ambivalent It
  remains to be determined which of the Nice or
  Aloof personality dimensions is more adaptive, or
  whether variation is maintained by contrasting
  effects on fitness.

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• Survival of the nicest.  Good grief.  All those
  genocides for nothing.
• This is silly.  Did the researchers watch the
  baboons 24 x 7 for seven years?  Maybe the
  baboons did all their selfish Darwinian antics
  when the researchers were asleep and on
  vacation.  Why didnt they watch the males?  Are
  they sexist?  We cant let these so-called
  scientists get away with rewriting history by
  using bogus categories. 

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Survival of the Nicest?????

• Even Science Now, supposedly a functionary of
  that bastion of Darwinism, the AAAS, said,
  Females who scored high on the nice
  meter were friendly to all females.  How do you
  calibrate a nice meter?  How do you measure
  friendliness?  What is that, in Darwin terms?
• No, we cant let evolutionists get away with
  this.  Too much is at stake.  Darwins reputation
  must be preserved intact.  The triumph of German
  militarism and Russian conquest must maintain its
  scientific justification on true Darwinism. 
  Eugenics must not be undermined
  by those ID people.  No more Mr. Nice Baboon. 
  Give me survival of the fittest, and give me
  death!

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Convergence Convenience????

• Is convergent evolution a convenient escape
  clause for evidence that contradicts evolution?
• Evolutionary theory has a classification scheme
  that cannot lose.  Darwins original tree diagram
  described divergent evolution, a process
  beginning with speciation followed by the
  accumulation of variations that make the two
  branches more and more dissimilar over time. 
  Animals with similar structures on the same
  branch are said to have homologous traits,
  because they derive from the same common
  ancestor. 

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Convergence Convenience????

• But the living world is filled with traits that
  resemble each other on different branches.  What
  caused that?  Ah, the evolutionist replies those
  traits are due to convergent evolution.  The
  similarities are analogous traits, because they
  do not derive from the same common ancestor. 
  With this classification scheme, evolution
  explains everything if similar animals are
  related, they evolved if they are unrelated,
  they evolved.  Is this a description of reality,
  or rather a convenient strategy for rendering
  evolution immune from falsification?  Here are
  some recent examples of convergent evolution
  from the literature.

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Convergence Convenience????

• Jelly-Bird  PhysOrg wrote, Ion selectivity in
  neuronal signaling channels evolved twice in
  animals.   Sea anemones and birds have complex
  channels in their cell membranes called
  voltage-gated sodium channels, responsible for
  passing signals along nerves.  Yet their
  respective branches on the tree of life
  supposedly separated 600 million years ago.  The
  channels in the marine invertebrates differ from
  those found in higher animals, yet show the same
  selectivity for sodium. 

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Convergence Convenience????

• Thus, This study shows that different parts of
  the channel changed in a convergent manner during
  the evolution of cnidarians and higher animals in
  order to perform the same task, namely to select
  for sodium ions, the article alleged. This
  demonstrates that important components for the
  functional nervous systems evolved twice in basal
  and higher animals, which suggests that more
  complex nervous systems that rely on such
  ion-selective channels could have also evolved
  twice independently.

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Convergence Convenience????

• Jelly-Man  Nature News claims that muscles, too,
  evolved twice.  In Evolutionary biology
  Muscles Dual Origins (12 July 2012), Andreas
  Hejnol said, Jellyfish move using a set of
  muscles that look remarkably similar to striated
  muscles in vertebrates.  However, new data show
  that the two muscle types contain different
  molecules, implying that they evolved
  independently.  Adding to the puzzle is the fact
  that comb jellies, on a different branch, also
  have striated muscles, while most other
  invertebrates do not.  Whether this comb jellys
  striated muscle is related to that of jellyfish
  or vertebrates, or represents another convergent
  evolution event, remains to be determined.  The
  claims become even more astonishing

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Convergence Convenience????

• These results suggest that, despite their
  remarkable physical resemblance, the striated
  muscles of jellyfish and humans are constructed
  using a vastly different set of genes. Steinmetz
  and colleagues have revealed an extraordinary
  instance of convergent evolution the evolution
  of highly similar traits in distantly related
  organisms.

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Convergence Convenience????

• Remarkable, exquisite, striking  Another paper
  in Nature begins, In a remarkable example of
  convergent evolution, insect species spanning 300
  million years of divergence have evolved
  identical single-amino-acid substitutions that
  confer resistance to plant cardenolide toxins. 
  This is not as dramatic a convergence as the
  previous two, because the trait involves one
  amino acid substitution, and the species are all
  insects.  The authors, though, thought this
  really something they said it represents an
  exquisite case of convergent molecular evolution,
  in which distantly related insect species have
  evolved a common adaptive response in a single
  gene. 

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Convergence Convenience????

• What makes it a striking case of convergent
  molecular evolution is that the common trait
  occurred 4 times in unrelated insects that feed
  on the same kind of host plant.  The authors
  dressed up this textbook example of convergent
  evolution at the molecular level with adjectives
  like autoecological convergence and functional
  convergence.  (Whiteman and Mooney,
  Evolutionary biology Insects converge on
  resistance, Nature 489, 20 Sept 2012, pp.
  376377, doi10.1038/489376a.)

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Convergence Convenience????

• The nose knows  The concept of convergent
  evolution shows up in two papers in PLoS Biology
  about olfaction (the sense of smell).  Fruit fly
  maggots and humans could hardly be further apart
  in the evolutionary tree, but three Cambridge
  evolutionists found an unpredicted degree of
  similarity between their odor-detection
  equipment.  They said, Our results reveal an
  unexpected degree of similarity between the
  development of the olfactory systems
  invertebrates and the Drosophila larva. 
  (Prieto-Godino LL, Diegelmann S, Bate M (2012)
  Embryonic Origin of Olfactory Circuitry in
  Drosophila Contact and Activity-Mediated
  Interactions Pattern Connectivity in the Antennal
  Lobe. PLoS Biol 10(10) e1001400.
  doi10.1371/journal.pbio.1001400). 

9/27/2014
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Convergence Convenience????

• In the same journal, Janelle Weaver commented on
  the surprise without using the convergent
  evolution phrase specifically The findings
  reveal surprising simila