FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

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FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES

• DENT 657

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Removable vs. Fixed Appliances

• REMOVABLE
• Tipping only
• No control over root movement
• Pts co-operation
• Hygienic

• FIXED
• Bodily translation
• Control of root movement
• Less dependent on pts co-op
• Less hygienic

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DEVELOPMENT OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCES
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Development of Fixed appliances

• Early fixed appliances
• Late 1800s
• Edward Angle

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EARLY FIXED APPLIANCES
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Development of Fixed appliances

• Standard Edgewise appliance
• Early 1900s

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Development of Fixed appliances

• Pre-adjusted edgewise appliance
• 1970s
• Refined manufacturing process with built-in
  adjustments specific for each tooth
• Advances in material sciences made attachment
  much smaller

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BANDED APPLIANCES
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Bonding to Enamel
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Bonding Surface - Bracket Base
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BONDED APPLIANCES
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Lingual Appliance
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CERAMIC APPLIANCES
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Self Ligating Appliance
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PASSIVE FIXED APPLIANCES
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Components of the Fixed Appliance

• Bands
• Molar Tubes
• Brackets
• Buccal Tubes
• Arch Wires
• Auxiliaries Elastomeric products, Coil springs,
  Lingual arches, Extra-oral appliances

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Posterior attachments

• MOLAR TUBES

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Components of the Fixed Appliance

• Bands
• Molar Tubes
• Brackets
• Arch Wires
• Auxiliaries Elastomeric products, Coil springs,
  Lingual arches, Extra-oral appliances

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Anterior Attachments

• Brackets

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Components of the Fixed Appliance

• Bands
• Molar Tubes
• Brackets
• Arch Wires
• Auxiliaries Elastomeric products, Coil springs,
  Lingual arches, Extra-oral appliances

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ARCH WIRES

• Maxillary and mandibular
• Arch form described as parabolic shaped
• Size and cross-section of wires vary
• Material varies eg. Nickel Titanium alloy (NiTi),
  Titanium Molybdenum Alloy (TMA), Stainless Steel

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Components of the Fixed Appliance

• Bands
• Molar Tubes
• Brackets
• Arch Wires
• Auxiliaries Elastomeric products, Coil springs,
  Lingual arches, Extra-oral appliances

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Elastics
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EXTRA ORAL FORCES - HEAD GEAR
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Coil Spring
Closed or open coil springs
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Pre-Adjusted Edgewise Appliance or The Straight
Wire Appliance

• Larry Andrews - studied normal occlusion and
  individual tooth positions
• Developed prescriptions for individual tooth
  position
• Elements of ideal tooth position are built into
  the appliance
• Minimizing active wire manipulation - The
  Straight Wire Concept

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Pre-adjusted edgewise appliance

• First order / in-out - Horizontal plane
• Second order / tip - Mesio-distal angulation
• Third order / torque - Labio-lingual angulation
• 3 - Dimensional control of tooth position

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First order or In-out
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Pre-adjusted edgewise appliance

• First order / in-out - Horizontal plane
• Second order / tip - Mesio-distal angulation
• Third order / torque - Labio-lingual angulation

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Second order or Tip
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Pre-adjusted edgewise appliance

• First order / in-out - Horizontal plane
• Second order / tip - Mesio-distal angulation
• Third order / torque - Labio-lingual angulation

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Third order or Torque
To Torque is the least efficient tooth movement
using orthodontic appliances
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Significance of accurate bracket/band positioning

• Precise tooth positioning
• Optimal effect of pre-adjustment
• Occlusion
• Esthetics
• Stability

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POSITIONING BRACKETS - GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
Rhomboidal shape Disto-lingual wing mark Central
scribe line (long axis)
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Maxillary Central Incisors
4
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Maxillary Lateral Incisor
3.5
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Maxillary Cuspids
4.5 mm
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Maxillary Bicuspids
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Mandibular Incisors
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Mandibular Cuspid
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Mandibular Bicuspids
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Maxillary first molar bands
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Mandibular first molar bands
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