Explorers and Settlers

1
Explorers and Settlers

• Spanish Settlements
• p. 124

2
Missions are Established in East Texas

• Within a year, the Spanish had established 6
  missions and a small fort in east Texas.

3
San Antonio is Founded

• Spanish officials realized the need for a mission
  midway between New Spain and the new missions.
• Presidio San Antonio de Bexar was set up near the
  San Antonio River in 1718. Later called San
  Antonio.
• Mission San Antonio de Valero was built a few
  years later. This mission became known as the
  Alamo.

4
Aguayo Defends the Missions

• War broke out between Spain and France in 1719
• This halted the settling of East Texas.
• French soldiers from Louisiana seized the Spanish
  mission near present day Nacogdoches.
• The viceroy of New Spain sent Marques de San
  Miguel de Aguayo to take back East Texas.

5
Aguayo Defends the Missions

• Aguayo was the governor of the provinces of
  Coahuila and Texas.
• Aguayo marched 500 soldiers, thousands of horses
  and mules, and large herds of sheep and cattle to
  Texas.
• He moved Presidio Nuestra Senora de los Delores
  to the Angelina River.

6
Aguayo Founds Two Cities

• Aguayo built a large presidio, Nuestra Senora del
  Pilar de los Adaes, in Louisiana.
• French commander St. Denis claimed the presidio
  was in French territory, but never tried to drive
  them away.
• Aguayo established Los Adaes which became the
  unofficial capital of Texas in 1722 and remained
  it for 50 years.

7
Aguayo Founds Two Cities

• Aguayo also established a mission near the ruins
  of Fort Saint Louis, established by La Salle.
• It later was moved near present day Goliad and
  named La Bahia del Espiritu Santo.

8
An Uneasy Peace

• 9 missions, 2 villages, and 4 presidios were
  established in Texas
• In 1727 Spanish officials needed to cut costs so
  they decided to combine and abandon some
  missions.
• The Arroyo Hondo stream became the boundary
  between Spanish and French territory.

9
Plains People Resent Missions

• Spanish missionaries traveled among Native
  Americans converting them to Catholicism.
• Most Native Americans were not interested in
  Catholicism but were rarely threatening.
• Plains Indians (Apache and Comanche) resented the
  Spaniards and raided their settlements regularly.

10
San Saba Mission Fails

• Mission Santa Cruz de San Saba was set up in
  central Texas as a request by the Apache Indians
  to use as protection from the Comanche Indians.
• Apaches used this mission for food and gifts
  sometimes.
• Comanche's raided often.
• Due to raids, lack of supplies and distance from
  administrative help the mission failed.