Title: HOW TO WRITE A WORLD CLASS PAPER
1HOW TO WRITE A WORLD CLASS PAPER
Scientific and Medical Editing and Writing
TIPS, TRAPS AND TRAVESTIES
??? Daniel McGowan, PhD ????????
2??
- ??????
- ????????
- ??
- ????
- ??
- ????
- ?????????????????
- ????????
- ??????
3??????
4?????????
- ??????????????????????????????
- ????????????????
- ?????????????
- ?????????????????????????
5?????
Funding Bodies
Scientists / Clinicians
Grant Writing
Journal Publication
6?????????????
- ??
- ????
- ???????
- ?????
- ?????????
- ????????
- ??
- ???
- ?????????
- ????????
- ???
- ????????
7???????????
- ??????,??????
- ????????????????
- ???????????
- ???????????
- ????????????????
- ?????????????????
- ???????????????
- ?????????,???????????????
8 9????!!!
????????????????
??????????????? ????????????????
10??
- ????????????
- ????????
- ??
- ????(??????)
- ????????(?????????)
- ??????
- ??/????
- ????
11 12????
- ??
- ??
- ??
- ???
- ?? (IMRaD)
- Introduction (??)
- Methods (??)
- Results (??)
- Discussion (??)
- ??
- ????
??????????,???????
??????
13????
14??
??????????????????
? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ????
?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????
15??
Slower processing is correlated with higher
levels of depressed mood, fatigue, lower verbal
fluency, fewer words and digits recalled and
poorer recall of visual-spatial information in MS
patients
Relationships among information processing,
depression, fatigue and cognition in multiple
sclerosis
16??
?????????(????)???,??????????
?? Information processing in multiple sclerosis
17??
??????????????????????
- ????
- ????
- ????
- ?????
- ????
- ???
?????????,????????
18???
?????????????????????????????????
19??
?????????????????????
- ??????????
- ?????????(????)
- ??
- ???
- ?????????
- ???????(????)
- ???????(????)
20??
- ?
- ?????????????
- ??????
- ???????
- ??????????,????,????
- ???????????
21??
- ??
- ??????
- ????????????,????????????????????,?????????????
- ???????????????,????????????
- ???? novel (??) ? for the first time (??)
?????
22??
?????????????,?????????
??????????,??????????? using an AD 340C plate
reader (Beckman Coulter) OR using a plate
reader (Beckman Coulter AD 340C) NOT using a
Beckman Coulter AD 340C. ?????
23??????
- ?????????,?????????
- ???????????????????
- ?????????
- ??????????????? ?????
- ???????,????????????
- ?????????????????????,?????????????????
24??
???????
- ?
- ????????
- ?????????
- ????
- ??
- ???????????
- ????????????????
25??
?????????????
- ??
- ?????????,????????????,?????????
- ?????????????
- ????,????????????
26??
Poor
27??
Better
28??
Best
29??
- ?????????????????
- mean SD
- ??????????
- 40 (100/250)
- ?????????????????
30??
- ?????????????????
- P ????
- p0.0035 rather than plt0.05
- significant ???????? statistically significant
differences (????????) - ??????????
31??
- ??
- ????????????????????????
- ??????????????
- ?????????
- ???????
- ??
- ????????????????
- Example This novel treatment will massively
reduce the prevalence of malaria in the third
world - ?????????
32??
????????????????
?????????? ????????????? ?? ????????? ??????
????????????
33??
?????????????????,??
- ???????(?????? )?????
- ???????????,??????????????
- ??????????
??????????????? ??????????????,??????????
34????
???????????????
??Bräuer G, Collard M, Stringer C. 2004. On the
reliability of recent tests of the Out of Africa
hypothesis for modern human origins. Anat Rec
279701-707. ??????Depew MJ, Tucker AS, Sharpe
PT. 2002. Craniofacial development. In Rossant
J, Tam PPL, editors. Mouse Development
Patterning, MOrphogenesis and Organogenesis. San
Diego Academic Press. p 421-498. ??Sternberger
LA. 1986. Immunocytochemistry. 3rd ed. New York
John Wiley Sons.
35????
????????????????? ?????????????????
- ?????????????
- ???????????????????
- ?????????????????? ???????????????????
36????
????????????????? ?????????????????
- ????,?????????????????????????????C??
- ??????????,???????????????????
- ??????
37 38- ???????????????,?????????????????????????????????
????????????????????????????
Arnout Jacobs, Elsevier Publishing
??,??????????????????
39? C ??
???????? C ??
- Clarity (??)
- Conciseness (??)
- Correctness (accuracy) (??)
??????????????????????
40??
????????????
?????????????
41?????
?????????????????????????? ?????????????
??????????? In addition, sections were also
stained with After centrifugation, pellets
were then
42?????
???????? In order to examine differences in
protein levels, lysates were subjected to 10
SDS-PAGE and Western blotting using an anti-NR1
antibody, to observe the effects of stimulation
on receptor trafficking.
???????????????????
43??
?????? which???????
Calcium regulated transcription
? Calcium-regulated transcription ?????? ? To
identify biomarkers of prostate cancer, we
performed microarray analysis, using custom cDNA
arrays ???,????????
44??
?????? which???? ???
Data were normalised to the internal reference
housekeeping gene actin, which showed ???
which ????,???? actin ??? normalisation of
data Data were normalised to the internal
reference housekeeping gene actin, revealing
that ??????
45??
There was a massive decrease in the number of
tumors following p.o. administration of green tea
??????????????
46??????
????? ?????????????? Before tumors were
microdissected, epithelial cells are ???????? In
eight patients, a biopsy from the affected sites
of the head and neck was performed In eight
patients, biopsies from the affected sites of the
head and neck were performed
47??????
- ??????? ???? compared with ????????
- Expression levels of p53 in smokers were compared
with non-smokers - Expression levels of p53 in smokers were compared
with those in non-smokers
48??????
respectively ???? ????????? The proportions
of various monocyte surface markers were 45, 63
and 70, respectively The proportions of
monocytes positive for CD163, CD7 and CD11a were
45, 63 and 70, respectively
49??????
- etc. / and so on ????
- The two groups of data were compared using a
variety of statistical methods including a
t-test, chi squared analysis, etc. - ??????????????,????????????????????????etc
?????????????????????????
50 51??
- ??????????????????????
- ??????,?????????????
- ??????????????????,?????,????
- ?????????????????,?????,?????????
- ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS)
- NOT
- Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS)
52???
- ???????????
- ????,??????????????????
- ?????
- ?????????????,???????????
53???
- ??
- ???? ????????,???????
- ?? ????????????
- ????
- ???????
- ??????
- ????????
- ???????
- ??????????
54 55?????
??????????,?????????
- ???????????????????,?????????????????,???????
- ????????????,????????
- ???,????????????????????????
56?????
The reviewer is clearly ignorant of the work of
Bonifaci et al. (2008) showing that the electric
field strength in the ionization zone of the
burned corona is less than the space charge free
field before the corona onset. Thank you for
your comment. However, we feel that the
assumption in our model is supported by recent
work by Bonifaci et al. (2008), who showed that
the electric field strength in the ionization
zone of the burned corona is less than the space
charge free field before the corona onset
57?????
- ?????????,??????????,????????????
- ????????????????????????,???????,????????????????
?????????? - ?????????????????????
- ??????????!
58 59?????? ???????????????? Terry M. Phillips,
Editor, Journal of Chromatography B
- ????????????
- ????
- ????
- ??
- ????????
- ??????????
- ????????
60????
??????????????????????? ?????????,??????????? ?
??????????????????,?????????????????????? James
C. Hower, Editor, International Journal of Coal
Geology
61????
?????????????????? ?????????????????,?????????
??????!!
62????
???????????????????
- ???????????????,???????????
- ??????????????????,????????????,????????????????
63????
- ?????????????????,?????????????????????
- ???,????????????,?????????????????????????????
64??
??????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
???????????????? Federal Office of Science and
Technology Policy, 1999
65??
????????????,???????,?????????????????????????? ?
???! ?????????,?????????????????
66??
- ?? (Gratz, 1982)
- Bilateral vagotomy resulted in an increase in
tidal volume but a depression in respiratory
frequency such that total ventilation did not
change. - ?? 1
- Gratz (1982) showed that bilateral vagotomy
resulted in an increase in tidal volume but a
depression in respiratory frequency such that
total ventilation did not change.
Ronald K. Gratz. Using Others Words and Ideas.
Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan
Technological University
67??
- ?? (Buchanan, 1996)
- What makes intentionally killing a human
being a moral wrong for which the killer is to be
condemned is that the killer did this morally bad
thing not inadvertently or even negligently, but
with a conscious purpose with eyes open and a
will directed toward that very object. - ?? 2
- Buchanan (1996) states that we condemn a
person who intentionally kills a human being
because he did a "morally bad thing" not through
negligence or accident but with open eyes and a
direct will to take that life.
Ronald K. Gratz. Using Others Words and Ideas.
Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan
Technological University
68????????
- ???????????????????
- ????????????????????,???/???????,?????????????????
?? - ???????????????
- G.C. Lichtenberg
(17421799)
69?????????
- ???????????????????????,?1975???????,2000??????
- ??????????????????,????????????????????,????????
????
70????????
- ??????????????????
- ??????????????????????????????
- ????????????????????
- ?????????
- ????????????????????????????????,?????????????
?????????? ICMJE ??http//www.icmje.org/
71 72?????????
Attention to details (????) Check and double
check your work (????) Consider the reviews
(????) English must be as good as possible
(??????) Presentation is important (????) Take
your time with revision (??????) Acknowledge
those who have helped you (??????????) New,
original and previously unpublished
(??????????) Critically evaluate your own
manuscript (???????) Ethical rules must be obeyed
(??????????) Nigel John Cook, Editor-in-Chief,
Ore Geology Reviews
73Your manuscript is precious, invest in it
74Scientific and Medical Editing and Writing
We edit English scientific manuscripts for
Clarity Correct grammar
Conciseness Native-English style
Accuracy Journal guidelines
Editing is performed pre-submission or after
rejection from peer review
75History Serving scientists for 14 years
- 1995 - Edanz Editing established in Japan
- 2006 - Liwen Bianji established in China
- We have edited over 24,000 manuscripts for 7,000
authors - Editing services for over 600 manuscripts per
month - gt50 of new clients from colleague
recommendations - Rapidly expanding editor group
76Editor Group
75 editors in 12 countries and 7 time zones 54
editors with PhDs
Including former and current academics, journal
editors, clinicians, research staff in biotech
and pharma
77Medical areas we edit
We cover all medical areas, for example
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Chemistry
- Proteomics
- Oncology
- Endocrinology and Diabetes
- Immunology
- Biomedical devices
78Clients
Clients and cooperation partners
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, SIBS
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences, PUMC - Neural Regeneration Research, journal of the
Ministry of Health of China - Chinese Medical Journal, Chinese Medical
Association - National Institute of Genetics, Japan
- Genomic Sciences Research Complex, Riken
- Shiseido Research Center
- Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research
79Client recognition
???????,????????????????????????? ???????????,??
??????????,????????? ???????????????????????????
???,??? ???????????????????? ????????????? ??
????????????,??????????/?????????? ?,???????????
???,?????????????????? ???????????????????????????
? ?????????????? ???
80?????
Funding bodies
Scientists / Clinicians
Grant writing
Journal Publication
Facilitating the communication of good science
81Scientific and Medical Editing and Writing
- Send us your manuscript to receive a service
quotation
editing_at_liwenbianji.cn www.liwenbianji.cn
?????????????? ???????????33? ??????818? ??100006
??(010)6528 0877 ??(010)6528 0834