Feudalism and the Middle Ages

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Feudalismand theMiddle Ages
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European Middle Ages

• Middle Ages era of European history from 500
  A.D. to 1500 A.D. New institutions slowly
  emerged to replace the Roman Empire.
• Meanwhile, civilizations flourished in China and
  Southwest Asia while Europe was fragmented.

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Middle Ages DARK AGES Why???

• Disruption of Trade
• Loss of a common language
• Downfall of Cities
• Cities were abandoned as centers of
  administration
• Decline of learning
• Population Shifts
• Nobles retreated to rural areas
• Cities had no leadership

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Carolingian Rulers (Dynasty)

• 751-987 A.D.
• Pepin the Short Left a greatly strengthened
  kingdom Leaves it to son Charles

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Charlemagne

• 64, heavy set, blue eyes with a flowing
  mustache (see Coach Melbourn)
• Most successful empire since the collapse of Rome
• Government limited the authority of Nobles and
  sent Counts to govern counties.
• Cultural Revival He opened a palace school and
  encouraged the monks to maintain what history was
  left from Rome.

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Feudalism
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Carolingian Empire
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INVASIONS!!!!

• Vikings from Scandinavia
• Men like Erik Bloodaxe and Thorfinn Skullsplitter
  would take their huge oar ships and raid cities
  and villages plundering and looting.
• There was no organized defense against these
  savage warriors and their hit and run raids.

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Way of the Viking
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Viking Raids

• Vikings are also called Norsemen. They sailed to
  modern Britain and France eventually establishing
  colonies as far as Russia and the islands in the
  North Atlantic.
• Home small villages in homes made of logs or
  boards
• To go a-Viking... Same as go on an adventure
  overseas.

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Vikings continued

• Eric the Red reached Greenland in 986. His son
  Leif Ericson reached the northeast coast of North
  America say the sagas.
• They wore metal helmets decorated with pictures
  of animals, and shirts made from iron rings
  covered by a large piece of cloth that protected
  them when they raided.

Leif Ericson
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Feudalism

• The largest raids were coming between 850 and 950
  A.D.
• Feudalism The effect of barbarian attacks and
  resulted as a form of defense for both the
  nobility and peasants.

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European Feudal Society
King
Lord/ Vassels/ Church Officials
Knight
Peasant/Serf
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Social Classes

• Those who fought Nobles and Knights
• Those who prayed Men and women of the Church
• Those who worked Peasants and Serfs

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Nobles and Knights

• Feudalism is based on mutual obligations.
• A lord grants land called a Fief to a Vassal who
  is a Noble.
• Knights serve the Vassal in exchange for land.
  In return, they offer their sword.
• Peasants do not fight!!!!

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Knight video
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Chivalry

• A code of complex ideals for a knight.
• The ideal knight was loyal, brave, and courteous,
  however, this did not always apply to the lower
  classes.
• It evolved into todays good manners and values
• He has 3 masters
• His Feudal lord
• His Heavenly Lord
• His chosen lady

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Tournaments

• Knights would hone their skills at mock battles
  called tournaments.
• Troubadours poet musicians who entertained at
  castles and courts of Europe. They would be seen
  at tournaments.

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Development of a Knight

• Page
• Age 7 - Sent to a castle of another lord. This
  is where he receives his education.
• Squire
• Age 14 Servant to the knight, takes care of the
  horse, armor, and weapons.
• Knight
• Age 21 His lord will dub him a knight.

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Manors
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Medieval Castles
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Castle video