The Trematodes

1
The Trematodes
2
(No Transcript)
3
(No Transcript)
4
Developing schistosome in liver
5
Eggs of Schistosoma mansoni
6
(No Transcript)
7
Eggs of Schistosoma mansoni in the liver
8
Cellular reaction around eggs of Schistosoma
mansoni
9
Egg of S. haematobium
Schistosomaiasis granuloma
10
Schistosomaiasis granuloma
11
Pathology of Schistosomiasis

• Schistosoma haematobium
• Causes urinary schistosomiasis
• PREPATENT PERIOD 10-12 wks
• EGG DEPOSITION AND EXTRUSION
• painless haematuria
• Inflammation of bladder and burning micturition
• TISSUE PROLIFERATION AND REPAIR
• Fibrosis , papillomata in the bladder and lower
  ureter leading to obstructive uropathy.
• Periportal fibrosis
• Lung and CNS involvement

• Schistosoma mansoni
• Causes intestinal schistosomiasis
• PREPATENT PERIOD 5-7 wks
• EGG DEPOSITION AND EXTRUSION
• dysentery (blood and mucus in stools),
• hepatomegaly splenomegaly
• TISSUE PROLIFERATION AND REPAIRFibrosis ,
• Papillomata in intestine,
• Pperiportal fibrosis,hematemesis
• Lung and CNS involvement.

12
Schistosome dermatitis, or "swimmers itch occurs
when skin is penetrated by a free-swimming,
fork-tailed infective cercaria. Source WikiMedia.
13
Bladder lesions in urinary schistosomiasis
14
Hepatosplenomegaly in chronic schistosomiasis
15
Portal hypertension in chronic schistosomiasis
16
Portalsystemic anastomoses
17
(No Transcript)
18
Diagnosis of Schistosomiasis

• Schistosoma haematobium
• Parasitological
• Examination of urine
• Immunological
• Serological tests
• Indirect
• Radiological
• Cystoscopy

• Schistosoma mansoni
• Parasitological
• Examination of stools
• Immunological
• Serological tests
• Indirect
• Radiological
• endoscopy

19
Egg of S. haematobium
Egg of S. japonicum
Egg of S. haematobium
20
Egg of S. mansoni
21
Drug of choice for schistosomiasis isPraziquantel
22
Life-cycle of Fasciola hepatica
23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
Snail intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica
26
Watercress , one means of transmission of
fascioliasis
27
(No Transcript)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
Fasciola hepatica
Fasciola hepatica
31
Fasciola hepatica

• Pathology and clinical picture
• True infection causes mainly biliary obstruction
  and liver damage .
• False infection is when eggs are eaten in
  infected animal liver and passed in stools.
• Diagnosis eggs in stools or duodenal aspirate.
• Treatment Triclabendazole.

32
Fasciola hepatica adult
Fasciola hepatica in bile duct
33
Egg of Fasciola hepatica
34
(No Transcript)
35
Triclabendazole is the drug of choice to treat
fascioliasis and is on the WHO list of essential
medicines. The correct dosage is calculated based
on the persons weight (10 mg/kg) and the tablets
are given at one time.
36
Sheep liver infected with Fasciola hepatica
37
Fasciola hepatica spurious infection
38
Fasciola hepatica spurious infection (eggs in
stools)