Psyc 552 Ergonomics

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Psyc 552 Ergonomics Biomechanics

• Lecture 6

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Anthropometry

• Antro man, metry measure
• Terminology
• Height
• Breadth
• Depth

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• Distance
• Curvature
• Circumference
• Reach

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Workstation Analysis
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7/ws2.htmWorkstation202
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Images from http//128.253.253.139/dea651/dea6519
7/ws2.htmWorkstation202
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Workspace envelope
Image from http//128.253.253.139/dea651/dea65197
/images/ws4.gif
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Measurement Methods

• Grid reference
• Jig measurement
• Anthropometers
• Rod sets, castings
• Photographs stereo photography
• Electromechanical probes
• Lasers

Image from http//www.thebakken.org/artifacts/dat
abase/artifact.asp?typecategorycategoryU3id36
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Measurement tools
Images from http//www.rehaboutlet.com/posture_e
valuation_anthropometers.htm
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Image from D.J. Feathers et al. / International
Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 33 (2004) 184
181190
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(No Transcript)
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From http//www.explore.cornell.edu/scene.cfm?sc
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Image from http//www.ianwhitney.com/images/pic/q
uack/P1270011.jpg
Image from http//www.thebakken.org/artifacts/dat
abase/artifact.asp?typecategorycategoryU3id36
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A 19th-century bodice-measuring device comprising
several sections which could be adjusted to fit
the figure. The strips could then be laid flat
upon the materials to be cut. (Image U.S. Patent
no. 320,496, William Bloomer Pollock, 1885)
Image from and text from http//www.explore.corne
ll.edu/scene.cfm?sceneThe203D20Body20Scanners
top3D20-20Glossary
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Other Imaging

• Ultrasound imaging
• Magnetic Resonance Imaginge
• X-rays

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Sources of Data

• For Civilians
• For military

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Characteristics of data

• Normally distributed
• Can be used to calculate intervals
• Correlations
• Limited

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Functional Anthropometry

• Reach data
• Seat

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Factors Affecting Anthropometry

• Genetics
• Environment
• Ethnic

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Anthropometry Biomechanics

• In biomechanics the human body is considered to
  be a system of links with each link of known
  physical size and form.
• Links are defined as

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Locating Centers of rotation

• Method involves
• Bony landmarks are highly correlated with link
  lengths

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Body Segment Volume and Weight

• Body segment mass and volume are related by the
  density of the segment.
• D M/V (W/g)/V

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Body Segment Center of Mass

• Center of mass is that point where if the segment
  is suspended that the gravitational effect is
  equal. It is the location where the
  gravitational effect can be considered to act.
• Location methods

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Inertia Properties

• Rotational inertia
• Radius of gyration

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Measuring Joint Motion

• Difficulties and descriptive requirements

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Tools

• Goniometers
• Flexometer/
• Inclinometer
• Photo or video methods

Image from http//www.rehaboutlet.com/goniometers
.htm
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Image from http//www.spaceagecontrol.com/s050v.h
tm