??????????(Distributed Computing)?????(Parallel Computing)?????(Grid Computing)????????????,??????????????????????????????????????????,??????????????????????????

1
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• ???????
• ??????????(Distributed Computing)?????(Para
  llel Computing)?????(Grid Computing)????????????,?
  ?????????????????????????????????????????,????????
  ??????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????,?????????????
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2
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3
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• ??????????????????,??????????,????Web????????????
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4
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  ??Web???

5
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• ?????,???????????????,?????????????4?????????????
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6
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• ???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
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• ???????????????????????
• ?????SaaS??????Google APPS?SoftWareServices
• ?????PaaS??????IBM IT Factory?Google
  APPEngine?Force.com
• ???????IaaS????????Amazo Ec2?IBM Blue Cloud?Sun
  Grid
• ?????????????Paas??????,????????????????

7
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8
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9
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• ??????????????,???????????????,??????????????????
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10
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• ???????
• ?????????????????,????????????????????????????????
  ?????,??S3(Simple Storage Service)????????????????
  ??,?????????????EC2(Elastic Compute
  Cloud)??Xen?????,???????????(????),???????????????
  ????IBM???Xen?PowerVM???Linux ???????Hadoop???????
  ?????Google???????????????????
• ???????Google????????????????????????,????MapReduc
  e????????Hadoop???????????GFS?????BigTable??????Go
  ogle???????????
• ???????????????????????????????????,????IT????????
  ?????,??????????????,?????????????,???????????????
  ??????,?????????????????????

11
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• MapReduce???????
• MapReduce?Google???Java?Python?C????,????????(??
  1TB)?????,??????????,?????????,????????????,??????
  ??????????,?????????????,??????????????
• MapReduce????????????????Map(??)?Reduce(??)???,???
  Map??????????????,??(??)?????????????????,???Reduc
  e???????,???????????
• MapReduce??????????Map(??)??,????(key/value)??????
  ??(key/value),??????????key/value?,???????Reduce(?
  ?)??,?????????key?value?????. map?reduce??????????
  
• 1. map (k1,v1) -gt list(k2,v2)  
• 2. reduce (k2,list(v2)) -gtlist(v2) 

12
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• ??v1?v2???????,????????,?????????????
  Map????????,?????????????,?Reduce?????????????????
  ?,????Map???????,Reduce??????MapReduce????,???????
  ????????????????,???grep???????????Web????????????
  ???Web???????????????????????????????????

13
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• Hadoop??
• ?Google??MapReduce?,2004??????Java?????Hadoop??,??
  ??MapReduce ??,???????????????????,???????????????
  ???????
• ??,Hadoop ????????????GFS(Google file
  system),???????????????????????,?????????????????,
  ???????
• ???????(BigTable)????????????????,????????????,???
  ???????????????? Hadoop ???????????????????,??????
  ???,??3-5???Google Hadoop???

????MapReduce API??Map?Reduce???GFS????????BigTabl
e???????????????Hadoop?????????????????????????,??
?????????
14
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• Google???????
• ???????????,???Google???????????,?????????????????
  ????????????Hadoop,??????????

15
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• ?????Google??????????????
• (1)?????MPI?????Hadoop????Master????Worker????
• (2)Master?????Worker?????Map???Reduce???
• (3)????????????Map???Worker?????Map(???????)?
• (4)?Map??????Worker???
• (5)??Reduce???Worker??,???????Map??,??????????,???
  ?Reduce???
• (6)????????(???)?
• ?????????????????????,????MapReduce????????,??????
  ????????Worker???????????????????????????,????????
  ????????????,???????????

16
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• ?????
• ????????????,????????????????????,???QQ????????Fla
  sh??,???????????????,Google Doc?Google
  Apps?zoho????????Office???
• ???????,????????????????7????
• (1)SaaS(?????)?
• ????????????????????????,?????????????????????????
  ????????????????????,??????????Web????????????????
  ??????????,??????????,SaaS????????????,???????????
  ???????????????,???,SaaS????????????????????
• ??????,???????????????????????????,???????????????
  ,????????????????????????,????????????,???????????
  ?????

17
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• SaaS?????????????????????,???????????????,????CRM?
  ERP???????????????????????????SaaS???????????????,
  ?????SoftwareSaaS???,????????Office???Google
  Apps,Oracle???Sieble??Sieble on-demand???Oracle
  On-demand,SAP??????SaaS???(Hybrid)???
• (2)??????
• ?????PaaS(Platform as a service)??????????????????
  ??????,??????????????????????????????????????????P
  aaS???????????????????,???????????????????????????
  ??,??????????????
• ???????,??????????????
• ? ?????????
• ????????????????????????,??????????????????????,??
  ?????,????,??????

18
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• ? ??Web???????
• ??SOAP?REST???,????????,???????????????,??????????
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• ????????????????,??????????????,?????????????????
• ? ???????
• ???????????(???????,?????)??????????
• ?????????????,????????????????????????????????????
  ??,???????????,????????PaaS??????????????????,??Sa
  aS???????,??SaaS????????????????(???)?????????????
  ??,???????????PaaS?Salesforce?force.com???????800A
  PP?PaaS??????PaaS???????????PaaS????????????????

19
???????

• (3)????(Utility Computing)?
• ????,??????????"??"???????????,???????????,?IT????
  ?IBM????Amazon?AWS????????????????????????????????
  ,?????I/O?????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????
• ???????????????????,???????????????,??3Tera?AppLog
  ic,Cohesive Flexible Technologies??????????????Liq
  uid Computing???LiquidQ???????,?????????I/0???????
  ?????????????????????
• ?????????????????????,???????????????,????????????
  ???
• (4)MSP(???????)?
• ???????IT?????????,???????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????,?SecureWorks?IBM???????????
  ??????????

20
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• (5)???????
• ???????SaaS?MSP?????,???????????????,?????????????
  ?,??????????????????????????????????
• (6)?????
• ????????????????,?????"?????",???????????????,????
  ????????????,??????????????????OpSource???OpSource
  Services Bus,????????Boomi???????
• (7)???????
• ?????????API????????????????,?????????????????????
  ???(??Strike Iron?Xignite)???Google
  Maps?ADP??????????????Bloomberg???????????????API?
  ??
• ??????????????????????????,???????????????????????
  ??,??????????????????,????????