Formation of Europe and the Middle Ages

1
Chapter 9 10

• Formation of Europe and the Middle Ages

2
Chapter 9 Section 1
3
After the fall of the Roman Empire, Europe was
divided into smaller what?

• German States

4
Who was the first German king to convert to
Christianity?

• Clovis
• Thus creating a very strong tie between kings and
  the Roman Catholic Church
• Kingdom of the Franks was one of the largest and
  most powerful.

5
Under Germanic Law what is the term that refers
to an amount that has to be paid by a wrongdoer?

• Wergild

6
Which people group did the Frankish kings give
land to, then convert them to Christianity?

• Vikings

7
The leader of the Roman Catholic Church was
called ______ from the Latin word papa meaning
father.

• Pope

8
Who expanded the Frankish kingdom and restored
the glory of the conquered Roman Empire?

• Charlemagne
• A.K.A. Charles the Great

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Chapter 9 Section 2 Feudalism
10
Vikings terrorized Europe until a German king
gave them land in France now know as?

• Normandy

11
Because of safety many people turned to local
nobles to protect them which began the social
system known as?

• Feudalism

12
Know the parts of the Feudal system.

• Kings, Lords, Knights, Vassals, fief, feudal
  contract.

13
What was the most important gift a Lord could
give a vassal?

• Fief
• Land

14
What is the concept of civilized behavior
endorsed by the Catholic church?

• Chivalry

15
Chapter 9 Section 3Growth of European Kingdoms
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Who established the Kingdom of England?

• William of Normandy
• AKA William the Conqueror

17
What English document limited the kings powers
and protected nobles rights?

• Magna Carta
• (Great Charter)

18
The Magna Carta was signed by what English King?

• King John

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Chapter 9 Section 4Byzantine Empire and Crusades
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What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?

• Constantinople

21
Name one of the first and most powerful
Byzantine emporers who expanded their territory.

• Justinian

22
The codification of law by Justinian lead to
what?

• Body of Civil Law

23
What was the name of Justinian's "crowning
glory"?

• Hagia Sophia

24
What was the name for religious images used by
eastern Christians to aid in their devotions?

• Icons

25
What was it called to be an outcast from the
Chruch?

• Excommunicated
• The leaders of the Eastern Orthodox Church and
  the Roman Catholic Church excommunicated each
  other.

26
What was the name of the split that permanently
divided the Roman Catholic West and the Orthodox
East?

• Schism

27
Pope Urban II called for a holy war also known
as?

• Crusade
• Purpose was to regain the holy lands (Jerusalem)
  which was lost to Muslim invaders.

28
What famous English king lead the third Crusade?

• Richard the Lion - Hearted

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What was the result of the 4th Crusade?

• Instead of recapturing the Holy Land the
  Christian warriors invaded the Christian city of
  Constantinople.

30
What was the name for the Spanish Crusade?

• Reconquista

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Chapter 10 Section 1Peasants, Trade, and Cities
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Peasants legally bound to work land became known
as?

• Serfs

33
What was the name for an association of people
with the same occupation?

• Guild
• Know the levels
• Apprentice
• Journeymen
• Master

34
What system allowed manors to produce more food?

• 3 Field System

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Chapter 10 Section 2Medieval Christianity

• The church realized the need to be independent
  from the different lords operating in Europe, and
  so you begin so see the emergence of the power of
  the church.

36
What was the tribunal held by the church to
suppress heresy?

• Inquisition

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Chapter 10 Section 3Culture of the Middle Ages
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Architecture of this time is described how?

• Gothic

39
What is the name for men who tried to reconcile
faith and reason.

• Scholastics
• The movement is known as scholasticism

40
Name the scholar who argued that religious truths
could be proved by logical argument.

• Thomas Aquinas

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Chapter 10 Section 4The Late Middle Ages
42
What was the name of the disease that wiped out
half of the European population.

• Bubonic Plague
• Black Death

43
Struggles between states and the church led to
what event?

• The Great Schism
• Two popes appointed at the same time. Both
  fought for power and influence.

44
Who called for an end to church corruption and
was killed on charges of heresy?

• John Hus

45
What war was started as a result of the death of
the king without a successor?

• Hundred Years War

46
What French warrior felt moved by God to rescue
France from its English conquerors?

• Joan of Arc

47
Political stability returned as power became more
centralized and these states became referred to
as?

• New Monarchies