FOR PROTECTING MINERS AT SMALL SURFACE M/NM MINES (Crushed Stone, Sand

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FOR PROTECTING MINERS AT SMALL SURFACE M/NM
MINES(Crushed Stone, Sand Gravel, etc.)
SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS

• Rocky Mountain District
• Denver, CO

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Air Quality
and
NOISE
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AIR QUALITY30 CFR 56.5002 EXPOSURE
MONITORING

• Dust, gas, mist and fume surveys shall be
  conducted as frequently as necessary to determine
  the adequacy of control measures.
• Airborne Contaminants

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Airborne Contaminants ?

• What are they at your mine?
• Mineral Dust ?
• Silica/Quartz (Respirable)
• Nuisance Particulate
• ????Fibers
• Fumes?
• Welding
• Solvents
• Gases and Mists?
• CO (shops, enclosed workplaces, cabs, booths)
• Cleaning (atomizing)
• Others..?

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What Are Dusts?

• Solid particles suspended in air
• Generated by blasting, drilling, crushing,
  grinding, etc.

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The Body Defends Against Dust By

• Trapping larger particles in the nasal passages,
  throat, trachea, larynx
• Trapping particles in mucous and carrying them up
  the airways where they are coughed out or
  swallowed (mucociliary escalator)

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Silica dust may be a hazard, if

• it is in the respirable range small enough to
  get into the air sacs (alveoli) ----basically
  less than 10 microns in size
• it is present in high enough concentrations

bronchiole
alveoli
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How Does Silica Affect The Body?

• Silica particles build up in the lungs leading to
  a type of dust disease (pneumoconiosis) called
  silicosis
• Makes affected workers more susceptible to TB
• Causes cancer

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Silicosis Severity of Disease

• Dust Concentration
• Percent of free silica
• Duration of exposure
• Size of particles (respirable??)

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Development of Silicosis is

• More Likely With
• Inadequate dust control measures
• Inadequate respiratory protection
• Lack of medical screening
• Lack of air monitoring

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NUISANCE PARTICULATES(Total Dust)

• TLV 10mg/M3
• IRRATANT
• Respiratory system
• Sinus membranes
• Mucous tract
• Skin
• Eyes

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Some Nuisance Particulate

• Alundum
• Calcium Carbonate
• Cellulose (paper fiber)
• Portland Cement
• Corundum
• Emery
• Glass, fibrous or dust
• Glycerin Mist
• Vegetable oil mists (some exceptions)
• Kaolin
• Sio2 less than 1

• Limestone
• Magnesite
• Marble
• Pentaerythritol
• Plaster of Paris
• Rouge
• Silicon Carbide
• Starch
• Sucrose
• Tin Oxide
• Titanium Dioxide

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Evaluate Worker Exposures By

• Doing work area inspections
• Sampling, monitoring workers
• Observing work practices

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Monitoring Personal Exposures
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REDUCE Dust Exposures

• Assess potential for exposure
• Use engineering controls, such as
• Dust Collectors
• Environmental cabs and booths
• Water Sprays
• HEPA Filters and Vacuum (Dont cleanup with
  brooms/shovels)

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N O I S E

• 62.110
• Must establish SYSTEM OF MONITORING
• Performance based.
• System sufficient to determine compliance with
  rule.
• Assess miners noise exposure over full work
  shift.

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Noise Monitoring

• Specific requirements for determining miners
  noise dose.
• Use appropriate integration range
• 80-130 for AL
• 90-140 for PEL and DHPL and
• 90 dBA criterion level
• 5 dB exchange rate
• A-weighting slow response
• Cannot adjust for hearing protector worn.

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Noise Monitoring

• Notify miner of exposure at or above AL, and
  above the PEL and DHPL.
• Must be in writing and given to miner within 15
  days of determination.
• Copy must be kept as long as miner exposed at or
  above AL, plus 6 months.
• Miners and their representative have right to
  observe monitoring. (no pay required)

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ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS

• ROTATE WORKERS / WORK SCHEDULES
• ESTABLISH REGULATED AREAS
• PUT UP WARNING SIGNS BARRICADES
• ELIMINATE THE JOB
• IMPROVE EDUCATION TRAINING

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CONTROL AT POINT OF WORKER

• JOB ROTATION
• ENCLOSURE
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• TRAINING EDUCATION
• PERSONAL MONITORING
• MAINTENANCE PROGRAM

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MINERS

• OBSERVE RULES -
• work practices, cleanup, hygiene
• NOTIFY SUPERVISORS OF HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS
  AND PROBLEMS WITH CONTROL MEASURES
• MAINTENANCE
• USE REQUIRED PPE

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