Post Impressionism

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Post Impressionism
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REVIEW

• How was Impressionism influenced by Japanese
  Woodcuts?
• Remember C-FID!
• C-cropping
• F-flatness
• I-Intimate moments
• D-Decorative patterns

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Hiroshige, Plum Orchard van Gogh,
1887 1857
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Post-Impressionism

• Differences between Impress. And Post-Impress.
• Impressionists focused on reproducing the natural
  world but lost the use of line, shape and color
  (only reflected)
• Post-Impressionists wanted to restore color and
  shape to art, while others wanted to restore
  subjectivity rather than painting from nature.
• The P.I. created abstract versions of reality to
  reinforce that art is DIFFERENT from nature
  (breaking with the tradition since the
  Renaissance)

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TOULOUSE-LAUTREC, At the Moulin Rouge,
18921895. Oil on canvas, 4 x 4 7. Art
Institute of Chicago, Chicago
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Toulouse-Lautrec

• Short in stature (only 46), turns to art scene
  in Monmartre
• Was inspired by Degas (Japanese printsflatness)
• Also POSTERS! Elevated graphic arts!!!

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Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec. The Hangover (Suzanne
Valadon),1887-1889. Oil on canvas.
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SUZANNE VALADON

• 1894, 1st woman painter admitted into the Societe
  National des Beaux Artsher son, Maurice Utrillo
  will eclipse her as a painter
• Worked as a model for Renoir, Lautrec,
  etc.Learned by watching but had her own style
• Degas was the first to buy one of her paintings

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Suzanne Valadon, The Blue Room, 1923
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GEORGES SEURAT, A Sunday on La Grande Jatte,
18841886. Oil on canvas, 6 9 x 10. The Art
Institute of Chicago
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Seurat

• Known for Pointilism (Divisionism is the proper
  term!) using small dabs of complementary colors
  directly ON THE CANVAS rather than mixed prior
• Complementary colors side by side mix in the
  viewers eye with greater luminosity
• Seurat is influenced by Chevreuls new idea
  called COLOR THEORY

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VINCENT VAN GOGH, Starry Night, 1889. Oil on
canvas, 2 5 x 3 1/4. Museum of Modern Art,
New York
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VAN GOGH

• Trained to be an art dealer but then left to
  become a missionary (then a painter).
  Socialist--progressalienation
• Largely self-taught
• Supported by his art dealer brother, Theo
• KNOW ABOUT HIS STYLEvibrant colors, swirling
  brushstrokes, thick globs of paint (IMPASTO)
• Took Seurats Divisionism and blended it with
  Impressionism
• EXPRESSIONIST the artists feelings are core and
  reality is subjective

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VINCENT VAN GOGH, Night Café, 1888. Oil on
canvas, 2 4 1/2 x 3. Yale University Art
Gallery, New Haven
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• Associated color
• With mood
• Yellowhappiness
• Saw color as music
• 1st sunflowers were
• Painted for Gauguins
• Bedroom as deco

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GAUGUIN

• Originally a stockbroker with 5 children but left
  his family to pursue art on his own in Paris,
  then leaves Europe for Tahiti to paint
• His style inspiration from stained glass,
  Japanese prints, and cloisonne enameling
• PRIMITIVISM--art movement of late 19th century
  characterized by exaggerated body proportions,
  animal totems, geometric designs and stark
  contrasts
• He considered his style synthetism-
• Synthesized the subject with the artists
• Feeling, using line, shape, color, etc.

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PAUL GAUGUIN, Vision after the Sermon or Jacob
Wrestling with the Angel, 1888. Oil on canvas,
2 4 3/4 x 3 1/2. National Gallery of
Scotland, Edinburgh.
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Gauguin, Day of the God, 1894
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PAUL GAUGUIN, Where Do We Come From? What Are We?
Where Are We Going? 1897. Oil on canvas, 4 6
3/4 x 12 3. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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CÉZANNE

• Father of Modern Art (contact with the
  Impressionists but creates his own language.
  Known as a Post-Impressionist)
• Took landscape paintings into something solid
  and durable
• His still lifes will influence Cubism (Braque and
  Picasso)

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4 Techniques used by Cezanne

1. Color patchesused to capture true colors of
   surrounding land.
2. Varied colors warmer colors placed closer
   towards view, while cooler colors receding in
   background but did not use the theory of
   atmospheric perspective and backgrounds are flat.
3. Multiple viewpointsnot like a camera, more real
   (Cubist)
4. Underlying shapesrectangles, triangles, etc.
   Treat nature as a cylinder, sphere, or cone.

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PAUL CÉZANNE, Mont Sainte-Victoire, c. 1885-87.
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PAUL CÉZANNE, Mont Sainte-Victoire, 19021904.
Oil on canvas, 2 3 1/2 x 2 11 1/4.
Philadelphia Museum of Art
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PAUL CÉZANNE, Basket of Apples, ca. 1895. Oil on
canvas
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Cezanne, The Large Bathers, 1906