Classification of Different types of Plant

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Classification of Different types of Plant
Machinery machine in each type

• Anup A. Mohabansi.

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Why Immovable property valuer should have Basic
knowledge of Plant machinery Gen eg. Since
knowledge of Structural Engineering is must for
Architect / Designer for better planning like wise

• 1 in most of the Valuation assignments
  immovable Property Valuer Plant and Machinery
  valuer have to work jointly.
• 2 Basic Knowledge of Plant and Machinery is
  very essential
• 3 Best use of existing specific plant to any
  other alternative plant can be thought of and
  accordingly valuation of immovable property can
  be justified
• e.g. a unit of automobile plant can easily
  converted to Manufacturing plant for construction
  equipment , Textile Plant others
• 4 as per existing situation valuer can think
  of permissible alternative use in that location
• e.g. machine foundations of existing plant can be
  reused for some other plant.
• 5 Due consideration can be given to
  environmental aspect if we know the effluent
• eg. Sugar industries effluent like Molasses can
  affect the Real Estate Value in Vicinity.

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for manufacturing items, Plants are establish

• Plant is sole process of Manufacturing an items
• normally the plants consists of
• Numbers of different type of machinery,
• Ancillary plants
• Service system
• Controlling unit
• Raw Material storage
• Finish Goods storage

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As per valuation norms All movable assets which
concern the industrial plant, Machinery will fall
under one of the following group

• 1 Plant and machinery
• 2 Service system
• 3 Loose Tolls Equipments
• 4 Fixtures Fittings
• 5 Office other Furniture
• 6 Office Equipments (Computer Hardware,
  Software, Typewriters,
• Printing, Xerox others)
• 7 Vehicles
• 8 Raw Material Stock
• 9 Finished Stock

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Type of Plants

• A Automobiles Plants

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B Bottle Manufacturing Plant
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Machinery Required for Bottle Manufacturing Plant

• Bottle Unscrambler
• Carbonation Equipment
• Double-Sided Pressure Sentive
• Flash Pasteurizer
• Heat Shrink Packer
• High Speed Rotary Blow Molder
• Injection Molding System
• Rotary Rinser, Filler, Capper with CIP
• Shrink Sleeve Labeler Up to 400 CPM
• Shrink Sleeve Labeler Up to 250 CPM
• Single-Sided Pressure Sensitive Labeler
• Stretch Blow Mold System
• Suspending Rotary Rinser, Filler, Capper with CIP
  
• Tunnel Pasteurizer

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• Rotary Rinser, Filler, Capper with CIP
• Shrink Sleeve Labeler Up to 400 CPM
• Shrink Sleeve Labeler Up to 250 CPM
• Single-Sided Pressure Sensitive Labeler
• Stretch Blow Mold System
• Suspending Rotary Rinser, Filler, Capper with CIP
  
• Tunnel Pasteurizer

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Cement Plant
Process Flow Chart
                                                    
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• Rotary Kiln Cement Plant

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• Manufacturing Process 1. Crushing
  ProportioningLimestone rock is the principal
  raw material, the first step after quarrying in
  the processes is the primary crushing. Mountains
  of rock are fed through crushers capable of
  handling pieces as large as an oil drum. The
  first crushing reduces the rock to a maximum size
  of about 15 cm (6 po). The rock then goes to
  secondary crushers or hammer mills for reduction
  to about 7.5 cm or smaller.2. Raw milling
  BlendingThe next step in the process is to
  grind the above particles to a size of 90 microns
  or less which is done in a raw mill, a closed
  circuit ball mill equipped with high efficiency
  separator. After achieving the 90 microns size
  the fine grinded material also known as raw meal
  is sent to the continuous blending silos (CFC)
  for homogenization extracted by means of load
  cell hopper for the next step which is feeding to
  the kiln pre heaters.3. Pyro processingThe
  raw material is heated to exceeding 1,450 C
  (2,700 degrees F) in huge cylindrical steel
  rotary kilns lined with special firebrick. Kilns
  are frequently as much as 3.7 M (12 pi) in
  diameter, large enough to accommodate an
  automobile and longer in many instances than the
  height of a 40-story building. Kilns are mounted
  with the axis inclined slightly from the
  horizontal. The finely ground raw material or the
  slurry is fed into the higher end. At the lower
  end is a roaring blast of flame, produced by
  precisely controlled burning of powdered coal,
  oil or gas under forced draft.4. Burning and
  coolingAs the material moves through the kiln,
  certain elements are driven off in the form of
  gases. The remaining elements unite to form a new
  substance with new physical and chemical
  characteristics. The new substance, called
  clinker, is formed in pieces about the size of
  marbles.Clinker is discharged red-hot from the
  lower end of the kiln and generally is brought
  down to handling temperature in various types of
  coolers. The heated air from the coolers is
  returned to the kilns, a process that saves fuel
  and increases burning efficiency.5. Cement
  milling, Storage PackingPortland cement, the
  basic ingredient of concrete, is a closely
  controlled chemical combination of calcium,
  silicon, aluminum, iron and small amounts of
  other ingredients to which gypsum is added in the
  final grinding process to regulate the setting
  time of the concrete. Lime and silica make up
  about 85 of the mass. Common among the materials
  used in its manufacture are limestone, shells,
  and chalk or marl combined with shale, clay,
  slate or blast furnace slag, silica sand, and
  iron ore. The above mixture

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Machinery Required for Cement Plant

• Air BlastersCement Grouting PumpCement
  MachineryClinker Grinding UnitFeedersGrinding
  EquipmentsKilnsPneumatic Conveyors

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Chemical plant

• Chemical Plants is an industrial process plant
  that manufactures chemicals, usually on a large
  scale. Petrochemical plants are usually located
  adacent to an oil refinery to minimize
  transportation costs for the feedstocks produced
  by the refinery. Specialty chemical plants are
  usually much smaller and not as sensitive to
  location

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Machinery Required for Chemical Plants

• Bottle Washing Machine Chemical Dryer Chemical
  Handling Equipment Chemical Machining Chemical
  Mixer Chemical Process Equipment Chemical
  Process Pumps Compressed Air Dryer Distillation
  Columns Distillation Equipment Fertilizer
  Plants Gas Dryers Industrial Mixers Laboratory
  Centrifuge MS Tanks Powder Filler Process
  Reaction Vessels Rotary Vacuum Dryers Screening
  Machinery

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Main Division of chemical Plants

• Reaction VesselJacketed VesselLimpet Coil
  VesselTop Open VesselEvaporation Pan

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Types of Jacketed Vessel
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Limped Coil Reaction Vessel
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Dairy Plants

• Processing Boilers, Processing Butter,
  Processing Cheese, Processing Ice Cream,
  Processing Khoa, Processing Packaging

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Machinery required for dairy Plant

• Control Panels/Switchboards/MotorsConcentration/Se
  paration EquipmentConveyorsCream Separators
  Filling MachinesFlow MetersHeat
  ExchangersHomogenisersInsects Control
  SystemsPasteurizersPipesPneumatic Blowers
  BoostersPressure VesselsProcess PumpsProgrammable
  ControllersSolenoid Pneumatic ValvesTemperature
  ControllersThermic Fluid HeatersMiscellaneous
  Equipment

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Filling Plant
Circulation
Storage Tanks
Heat Exchanger
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Cream Separator
Processing Tank
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F Ferro Alloy Plant

• The chromite received from Sukinda is first
  ground and then pelletised to obtain green
  pellets, which are fired at around 14000C in a
  vertical shaft furnace to impart strength. The
  plant has facilities to pre-heat these pellets in
  a rotary kiln to around 8000C but, this unit is
  now not in use and has been substituted by a
  vertical shaft pre-heater. Pre-heating is
  important since every 1000C rise in feed
  temperature reduces the subsequent electrical
  energy consumption by 70 kwh per tonne of
  ferro-chrome (70-80 of the cost of ferro0chrome
  manufacture is on electrical power).

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• Smelting of the pre-heated pellets along with
  some hard lumpy chrome one as well as briquettes
  made from pellet fines is carried out in a
  totally enclosed submerged electric arc furnace.
  Coke and quartzite are also charged into 25 MVA
  submerged are furnace which is ferrochrome.

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G Gases Plants
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Gases Plants mainly divided into four parts

• 1 Air Separation Plants,2 Oxygen Plants, 3
  Nitrogen Plants, 4 Acetylene Plants

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Pharmaceutical Plant

• Machinery required for Pharmaceutical Plant

Capsule Coating Machine Capsule Filling
Machine Capsule Inspection Machine Capsule
Polishing Machines Capsule Polishing Pan
Capsule Printing Machine Circulation Dryer
Colloid Mill Container Filling Machine
Corrosion Resistant Pumps Cream Making Plant
Dissolution Tester Distilled Water Still
Double Rotary Tabletting Machine
Ampoule Filling Machine Ampoule Printing
Machine Ampoule Sealing Machine Ampoule
Washing Machine Automatic Bottle Filling
Machine Automatic Bottle Washing Machines
Automatic Cap Sealing Machine Automatic Capsule
Filling Machine Automatic Counting Machine
Automatic Tube Filling Machine Bottle Filling
Equipment Bottle Inspection Table Capping
Machinery
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Drum Blender Dry Heat Sterilizer Dust
Collector Empty Capsule Filling Machine Feeze
Drying Machine Fermentation House Equipment
Fertilizer Process Equipment Filling Vessel
Fluid Bed Dryer Freeze Drying equipment
Friability Tester Furnace Ducts Herbal
Extraction Plant Homogenizer
Industrial Stirrer Injectables Section
Jacketed Titling Pan Liquid Filling Machine
Liquid Manufacturing Plant Mass Mixer
Mechanical Sifter Melter Membrane Filter
System Metallic Reflaction Insulation Micro
Bag Filter Multi Mill Octagonal Blender
Ointment Making Machine
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Ointment Mixer Oscillating Granulator
Pharmaceutical Machines Pharmaceutical
Packaging Machines Pharmaceutical
SparesPharmaceutical Tooling Planetary Mixer
Polishing Pan Rapid Mixer Granulator Ribbon
Blender Roll Compactor Rotary Bottle Capping
Machine Rotary Bottle Washing Rotary Bottle
Washing Machines Rotary Vial Washing Machine
Semi - Automatic Capsule Filling Machine Semi
Automatic Power Filler Shell Blender Single
Rotary Tabletting MachineSterile Filtration
Equipment Syringe Filling Equipment Tablet
Coating Machine Tablet Coating Pan Tablet
Counting Machine Tablet Inspection Machine
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Tablet Making Machines Tablet Press Machine
Tablet Printing Equipment Tray Dryer Triple
Roller Mill Tube Filling Tumble Dryer
Tunnel Dryer Turn Table Vertical Autoclave
Vial Capping Machine Vial Filling Equipment
Vial Filling Machine Vial Inspection
Equipment Vial Labeling Machine Vial
Stoppering Machine Vial Washing Machine
Volumetric Bottle Filling Wet Granulator
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Power Plants

• Thermal PlantsHydro Electricity PlantsNuclear
  power plant / Atomic Energy PlantsTidal Power
  Wind energy plants

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AlathiyurLocation Tamil NaduOperator Madras
Cements
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Neyveli II Location Tamil Nadu, Operator
Neyveli Lignite Corp LtdConfiguration 3 X 210
MWOperation 1986-1988 , Fuel lignite
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Rayalaseema-ILocation Andhra PradeshOperator
Andhra Pradesh Power Generation
CorpConfiguration 2 X 210 MWOperation
1994-1995Fuel coal EPC Shandong Electric
Power Construction
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SimhadriLocation Andhra PradeshOperator
National Thermal Power Corp LtdConfiguration 2
X 500 MWOperation 2002Fuel hard coal
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TrombayLocation MaharashtraOperator Tata
ElectricConfiguration 1 X 150 MW, 2 X 500 MW, 1
X 180 MW CCOperation 1965-1993Fuel coal,
natural gas, oil
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Nuclear Power
The dome-shaped containment building at the
Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant near Raleigh,
NC
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Hydro Electricity Plants
Pench,Koyna,Kharghar,Khaparkeda,Bhakranagal,Vaitar
na,
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Tidal Power PlantsAnd how it works

• The energy potential of tidal basins is large
  the largest facility, the La Rance station in
  France, generates 240 megawatts of power.  France
  is the only country that successfully uses this
  power source.,
• the Earth would slow its rotation by 24 hours
  every 2,000 years.
• There are three basic ways to tap the ocean for
  its energy. We can use the ocean's waves, we can
  use the ocean's high and low tides, or we can use
  temperature differences in the water.
• Kinetic energy (movement) exists in the moving
  waves of the ocean. That energy can be used to
  power a turbine. In this simple example, to the
  right, the wave rises into a chamber. The rising
  water forces the air out of the chamber. The
  moving air spins a turbine which can turn a
  generator

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Refinery plants
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Machinery Required for Oil Gas refinery

• Gas Turbine Packages for power generation (10 to
  34 MW)
• Mechanical Drive Gas Turbines (10 to 34 MW)
• Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive
• Compressors (Centrifugal, Reciprocating, Oil-free
  Screw)
• Hot Gas Expanders
• Turbo expanders
• Centrifugal Pumps
• Compression/Pumping packages
• Heavy Wall Reactors
• Air Cooled Heat Exchangers
• Steam Condensers
• Control Safety Valves
• Product Installation Maintenance Services
• Revamps Rerates

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PROCESS UNITS LICENSOR / DESIGN CAPACITY
AVU EIL, India 6.0 MMTPA
Hydrocracker UOP, USA 1.7 MMTPA
Hydrogen Unit HALDER TOPSOE, Denmark 38000 MTPA
Diesel Hydro- desulphurisation Unit IFP, France 0.7 MMTPA
Resid Fluidised Catalytic Cracking unit Stone Webster, USA 0.7 MMTPA
Continuous Catalytic Cracking unit IFP, France 0.5 MMTPA
Visbreaker unit EIL, India 0.4 MMTPA
Bitumen Blowing  Unit EIL, India 0.5 MMTPA
Sulphur Recovery Unit Delta Hudson, Canada 2 X 115 MTPD
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Steel Plants
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Ship Building Plants Integrated Steel Plants

• Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) in Chhattisgarh
• Durgapur Steel Plant (DSP) in West Bengal
• Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP) in Orissa
• Bokaro Steel Plant (BSL) in Jharkhand
• IISCO Steel Plant (ISP) in West Bengal
• Special Steel Plants
• Alloy Steels Plants (ASP) in West Bengal
• Salem Steel Plant (SSP) in Tamil Nadu
• Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant (VISL) in
  Karnataka

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A view of the Hot Rolling Division at Hisar
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Hot Cold Rolling Mills Plants
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• Tomato Plant

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Fresh TomatoCold Storage for Storage of Tomato
For ProcessingWashing StationShortingH.P.
LiftingCrushingStorage
Tomato Paste Process
Screw Pumping Pre heating Chambers Slurry
Storage Double Pumping Slurry Storage D. E.
Evaporation Screw Pumping Prepared Paste Screw
pumping Balancing T.I.T Sterilizer Aseptic
Filling Finished Product Bottling Packing
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Importance of Knowing Knowledge of Plants
Machinery in Report writing

• Report writing of Immovable Property
• Foundations of machinery can be easily workout
• By knowing the flow chart valuer can idea about
  the detailing Dimensions of Ancillary Civil
  Structure
• Stability of Civil Structure depends on Type of
  Machinery involved.
• Detailing will be easily workout for Valuation.
• Detailing of fabricated structure can be easily
  work out