The Worlds Largest Animals

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Created by Phyllis Butler
Cetaceans

• The Worlds Largest Animals

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Marine Mammals
Introduction

• Cetaceans
• Introduction
• Toothed Whales
• Baleen Whales
• Dolphins
• Porpoises
• Endangered
• Sirenia
• Manatee
• Dugong
• Stellers Sea Cow

• Pinnipeds
• True Seals
• Fur Seals
• Sea Lions
• Walrus
• Mustelidae
• Sea Otters
• River Otters
• Exxon Valdez Oil Spill
• Polar Bears

Back to Beginning
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Marine Mammals

• Introduction

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More Marine Mammals
Sea Lion
Gray whale
Manatee
Seal
Sea otter
Fur seal
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Cetaceans

• The Worlds Largest Animals

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cetaceans

• Whales, dolphins, porpoises
• 1.Front flippers, the tail is called a fluke
  2.Streamlined for swimming
  3.Blubber layer for insulation and buoyancy
  4.Breathe
  through blowhole Nostril (1 or 2)
• 90 efficiency
• 5.Voluntary breathing to control diving
• 6.Reduced body hair to move quickly
• 7.Hearing is the best sense
• 8.Young are born able to swim. Nursed with milk
  40 fat

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Fig. 9.15
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MYSTICETI Baleen Whales 10 species

• 1.Baleen plates attached to upper jaws
• Made of keratin.
• Squeezes water through baleen and lick off food
  (plankton especially krill).
• 2. Two blowholes
• 3. Sound used to communicate
• 4. Less social than toothed whales
• 5.Shallow divers food near surface
• 6. Females larger than males
• Includes largest animal ever on earth
• Blue whale To 33.5 m long, 100 tons)

Bowhead
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Whales

• FLUKE is the tail

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Whales

• BALEEN
• Is like a broom instead of teeth.

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Whales

• Whale Spout
• is warm air from exhaling.

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Whales

• Beautiful BALEEN

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Fig. 9.18
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Whales

• GRAY WHALE

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Slurpers Feeding style

• Gray whales are found on the Pacific coast.
• They vacuum food from the ocean floor.
• They are called Slurpers.

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Gulpers Feeding style

• Finback whale
• Small dorsal fin protrudes from their back.
• They feed like drinking a soda as Gulpers

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Skimmers Feeding styleExample right whale

• Named because they were the right whale to kill
• They are slow moving, friendly and they float
  after they are killed.
• Feeding style is slow open mouth approach as
  Skimmers.

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Whales

• Whale Lice

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spyhopping

• SPYHOPPING

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running

• HUMPBACK
• Running which means swimming

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Flipper slapping

• Flipper Slapping

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breaching

• Breaching

Jumping out of the water
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Bubble netting

• FEEDING
• Bubble Netting is
• forming a circle and using bubbles as a barrier.

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lobtailing

• LOBTAILING
• Pounding fluke for communication
• parasite removal or just Fun!

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Throat grooves

• Blue Whale
• Distinct Throat Grooves to open mouth wider

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Whales

• Minke
• is a smaller Baleen whale.

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Pilot wales

• Pilot whales
• Toothed whale
• Strand more than any other whales

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BLUE WHALES

• There are 60-100 blue whales in the Gulf of St.
  Laurence.
• They can eat one ton of krill which is one inch
  long.

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Blue Whales
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• Marine Mammals
• ODONTOCETI
• TOOTHED WHALES

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ODONTOCETES toothed whales

1. Have teeth to capture prey.
2. One blowhole.
3. Echolocation to locate prey (sonar)
4. Very social and gregarious.
5. There are 66 species

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Whales

• Sperm Whale
• Showing FLUKE or tail fin

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• CONSERVATION
• Whales hunted extensively for centuries
• Aboriginal whaling (Eskimos)
• Non-aboriginal whaling
• Began off New England by late 1600s
• 1860s Explosive harpoon introduced
• Early 1900s Antarctic whales hunted
• 1946 IWC founded
• 1972 US Marine Mammal Protection Act
• 1985 IWC moratorium on commercial whaling
• Norway, Japan, Iceland still practice whaling
• IWC allows aboriginal whaling

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Whales

• Killer Whale

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Orca keiko

• Orca

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ToothedWhales

• ORCA
• Spy hopping

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Odontoceti Whales

• BELUGA

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Odontoceti Whales

• Beluga
• Known as Sea canaries because they talk happy
  talk.

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Cetaceans

• Between 1895 1975 overharvest drove 8 of 11
  major whale populations to commercial extinction

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Dolphins are Mammals
Dolphins
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Dolphin vs Porpoise
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DOLPHINS vs PORPOISEs

• DOLPHIN PORPOISE
• Beak nose (pointed) Blunt head
• Cone teeth Flat teeth
• Falcate dorsal fin Triangular dorsal fin
• 11 ft long 5 ft long
• Shy Active ,curious, playful

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Dolphin facts

• Dolphins probably rank among the most intelligent
  marine mammals. The bottlenose dolphin gets its
  name from its bottle-shaped snout.

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Atlantic Bottlenose dolphin

• (Tursiops truncatus)

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Diet

• Eat fish, squid, and eels
• Eat 15-30 lbs. of fish a day
• Swallow prey whole

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How Does Echolocation Work?

Dolphins use echolocation to find there prey and
predators Echolocation is a series of clicks and
raspy sounds that send a signal back to the
dolphin
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Believe It Or Not

• Believe it or not Dolphins do not fear sharks.
  Some dolphins are even stronger than sharks.

Every year many dolphins are killed due to
unsafe fishing nets or polluted water! They are
not endangered but they vulnerable.
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Porpoise

• Cetaceans

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Porpoise are small whales

• Harbor porpoise is the most common porpoise which
  inhabits the cold waters of the northern
  hemisphere.
• Unlike dolphins, these porpoises are rarely seen
  in the open ocean.

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Harbour porpoise

• Harbour porpoises are deep divers, capable of
  reaching depths in excess of 800 ft.

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Dalls porpoise

• Rooster Tail

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Dangerous By catch

• 6, 215 marine mammals die annually in the U.S.
• 84 of Cetacean mortality due to by catch which
  occurs in gillnets.
• Gillnets are responsible for 98 of Pinniped by
  catch.

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Dangerous Gillnets

• Designed to trap fish by the gills
• Drift gillnets hang below the surface
• Bottom set gillnets are anchored in position
  along the bottom

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Local cetaceans

• Off our beach you can see
• Bottle nose dolphins
• Porpoise
• Humpback whales
• Fin whales

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SURVIVAL Threats

• By-catch
• Pollution
• Organic compounds and metals
• Marine debris
• Habitat Destruction
• Vessels
• Noise
• Collisions
• IWC Scientific Committees whale watching
  guidelines
• Die-offs?

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Whaling Regulation Very Brief History

• 1931 Convention for the Regulation of Whaling
  (CRW)
• 1937 International Agreement for the Regulation
  of Whaling
• 1946 ICRW (15 Nations)
• 1956 Protocol
• Extends Convention to hunting by helicopters and
  other aircraft
• 1982 Moratorium on Commercial Whaling
• Effective 1985/1986

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Cetaceans
The End

• By Phyllis Butler for Kellam High School