Lecture 12 LIPID METABOLISM FATTY ACID OXIDATION

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Lecture 12LIPID METABOLISMFATTY ACID OXIDATION

• September1, 2006
• Lehninger (4th Edition), Chapter 17

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FATTY ACID DEGRADATION (OXIDATION) LNC Chapter
17
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LNC 10-1
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LNC 10-6
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LNC 10-8
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LNC 10-15
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LNC 10-16
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UPTAKE and DISTRIBUTION in Mammals
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LNC 17-1
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ADIPOSE TISSUE
LNC 21-40
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Chylomicron
LNC 17-2
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Structure of an LDL particle
LNC 21-39a
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LNC 21-39b
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Breakdown/Oxidation of Fatty Acids b-Oxidation
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Activation
LNC 17-5
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LNC 17-6
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C14 fatty acid
7 acetyl CoA 6 rounds of b
oxidation
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LNC 17-7
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LNC 19-8
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How to deal with unsaturated fatty acids
cis D3 - or double bond between b-g
LNC 17-9
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LNC 17-10
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How to deal with a fatty acid containing
an uneven number of carbons
C3
C4
LNC 17-11
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LNC box 17-1
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LNC box 17-2
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Degradation of very long chain fatty acids in the
peroxisome
catalase
LNC 17-12
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Glyoxalate Cycle in Plants
LNC 17-13
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Ketone Bodies
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Conditions favoring ketone body
formation depletion of OA for
gluconeogenesis acetyl-CoA becomes available
for ketone body synthesis
LNC Fig 17-18
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Skip the details on the metabolism of ketone
bodies
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Metabolic Biochemistry FATTY ACID
SYNTHESIS LNC Chapter 21
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acetyl-CoA CO2 gt malonyl-CoA
the enzyme has three functional regions -
biotin carrier protein - biotin carboxylase -
transcarboxylase
LNC Fig. 21-1
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LNC Fig. 21-4
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acyl carrier protein
LNC Fig. 21-2
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LNC Fig. 21-2
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LNC Fig. 21-2
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This group is transferred to the other SH group
to free the ACP-SH for the next malonyl group
LNC Fig. 21-2
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LNC Fig. 21-3
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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LNC Fig. 21-5
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beginning of the second round
LNC Fig. 21-6
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LNC Fig. 21-7
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The normal product of fatty acid synthase is
palmitate (16 carbons) elongation to stearate
and longer chains takes place in the
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) desaturation to
oleate also occurs in the ER poly-unsaturated t
he shaded fatty acids are essential FA for
humans but are made only in plants
LNC Fig. 21-13
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Desaturation of fatty acids in vertebrates (in
the smooth ER) requires molecular oxygen
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LNC Fig. 21-8
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LNC Fig. 21-9
Source of NADPH
Malic enzyme is found in liver and other animal
tissues
A similar enzyme is found in bundle sheath cells
in C4 plants
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Source of NADPH
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Source of NADPH
photosynthesis
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from glucose to fatty acids glucose
pyruvate (in
cytosol) pyruvate acetyl-CoA (in
mitochondria) acetyl-CoA fatty acid (in
cytosol)
How does acetyl-CoA come out of mitochondria ?
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From glucose to fatty acids
mitochondria
cytosol
LNC Fig. 21-11
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Biosynthesis of cholesterol steroids isoprenoids
LNC pp. 799
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LNC Fig. 21-30
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LNC Fig. 21-32
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Polyisoprene
CH3 CH3 CH2 C CH CH2 CH2 C CH CH2
n
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LNC Fig. 21-36
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LNC Fig. 21-37a
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LNC Fig. 21-38
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LNC Fig. 21-40
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LNC Fig. 21-41
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LNC Fig. 21-42
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D3-isopentenyl pyrophosphate
VITAMIN D
STEROID HORMONES
RUBBER
OTHER VITAMINS
DOLICHOLS
CAROTENOIDS
QUINONE
PLANT HORMONES
C CH2 C CH2 CH2
O - P - O - P
LNC Fig. 21-48
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Skip several pages in chapter 21 (pp.784 - 798)
read p. 785 about function/mechanism of aspirin,
ibuprofen and other painkillers and related drugs
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