Cells and Tissues Part 1

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Cells and Tissues Part 1
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Cell Parts

• Nucleus
• DNA container
• Surrounded by nucleur envelope
• Nucleolus- ribosomes made here
• Chromatin- forms chromosomes during mitosis

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Cell Parts

• Plasma Membrane
• Microvilli- little hairs
• Selectively permeable
• Cytoplasm
• Jelly like space filler

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Organelles

• Mitochondria
• power plant
• Ribosomes
• Protien factories
• Endoplasmic Recticulum
• Smooth
• Rough

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Organelles

• Golgi Apparatus
• Traffic director
• Packages proteins
• Lysosomes
• Garbage men
• Peroxisomes
• Prevents free radical build up

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Organelles

• Cytoskeleton
• Microfilaments
• Microtubules
• Centrioles
• Produce spindle during mitosis

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Cell Diversity

• 200 different types of cells in humans body
• All cells are specialized for a specific purpose
• Examples
• Nerve cells
• Fat cells
• Skeletal cells

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Cell Membrane Transport

• Passive Transport
• No energy needed
• Diffusion
• Movement across a membrane
• Osmosis
• Diffusion of water
• Filtration
• Kidneys filter blood create urine

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Cell Membrane cont

• Active Transport
• Energy needed
• Solute pumps
• Against gradient
• Exocytosis
• Ejection of cell waste
• Endocytosis
• Engulf or cell eating

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Cell Cycle/Division

• Interphase
• DNA Replication
• Mitosis
• Prophase
• Centrioles separate
• Metaphase
• Chromatids line up
• Anaphase
• Chromosomes begin to pull apart

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Cell Cycle cont

• Mitosis cont
• Telophase
• Spindles disappear
• Cytokinesis
• Two new daughter cells are formed

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Protein Synthesis

• DNA
• Blueprint
• RNA
• Messenger and builder
• Transcription
• Copying of DNA on to RNA
• Translation
• Creating proteins using mRNA and tRNA