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Jean Cauvin or John Calvin

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Jean Cauvin or John Calvin Latinized 3 major political powers had influence on Switzerland They were Germany aka HRE, France, Italy aka Papal authority – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Jean Cauvin or John Calvin


1
Jean Cauvin or John CalvinLatinized
  • 3 major political powers had influence on
    Switzerland They were Germany aka HRE, France,
    Italy aka Papal authority
  • Zwingli led the Reformation in Switzerland among
    German speaking cantons (counties) in Switzerland
    while Calvin worked with those fleeing from
    France (French speaking cantons)

2
John Calvin
  • Born July 10, 1509 in Noyon France (60 miles
    north of Paris) one of 7 children
  • Calvins father was Secretary to the Bishop
    Attorney for the church (RCC) in that area along
    with being a fiscal agent for the county.

Noyon Cathedral
3
John Calvin
  • Calvins father was well connected and also had
    married well. His wifes parents were well to
    do retired inn-keepers from Cambrai.
  • John Calvins personality was one of quiet
    dignity. He was said to be well mannered with an
    aristocratic airstrong sense of dutysilent.

Chateau de la Motte Fenelon, Cambrai
4
John Calvin
  • At 14 1523, Calvin went to the University of
    Paris where he studied theology, classics, law,
    language (Latin) in preparation for the
    priesthood.
  • At his fathers request Calvin went to the
    University of Orleans to study law (1528). He
    also spent time at the University of Bourges in
    1529 but continued at Orleans until 1531, and
    probably finishing with a degree.

University of Orleans
5
John Calvin
  • At the death of his father in 1531, Calvin
    returned to Paris to finish his theologywhile at
    Paris the students nicknamed him Olivetamus or
    midnight oil for his habit of working on his
    studies until the wee hours.
  •  Upon graduation John Calvin became an RCC
    priest.

University of Paris
6
John Calvin
  • While still a law student 1531 at Orleans John
    Calvin begins a friendship with Nicolas Cop a
    pastor.
  • In 1532 Calvin publishes his first book A
    Commentary of Senecas Treatise on Clemency
    where he defends tolerance and urges the King of
    France to also practice tolerance.

7
John Calvin
  • John Calvins conversion is hard to nail down.
    Schaff says 1532 but definitely between 1531-1533
  • After Orleans Calvin returns for his final time
    to the University of Paris. (After the death of
    his father) He joins a Protestant Bible study
    soon becoming its leader.

University of Paris
8
John Calvin
  • Nicholas Cop delivers all Saints Day address at
    University of Paris on Christian Philosophy
    which was probably written by Calvin. This begins
    intense persecution of Lutherans in France by
    Francis I. Drives Calvin out of Paris to Noyon to
    resign priesthood.
  • After Calvin resigns priesthood he is locked up
    as an apostate.

9
John Calvin
  • After release jail in 1534 Calvin begins 2 years
    of travel escaping religious persecution. He
    finally ends up in Basel 1535-1536 where Erasmus
    is also living.
  • After studying a year at a friends home (Louis
    Du Tillet) Calvin settles into scholarly
    seclusion to study Hebrew and prepare a French
    Bible for publication.

10
John Calvin
  • 1st Edition of the Institutes were written at
    Basel 1536 only 140 pages in length. (Class
    textbook states that it was 516 pages because of
    size of type) And only 3-4 years after his
    conversion.

11
John Calvin
  • Even though Calvin was only 27 when 1st edition
    of the Institutes came out and having only been
    saved 3-4 years the work shows tremendous
    maturity.
  • The work shows up Calvins education in law
    because of its profound clarity and logical
    synthesis. The work emphasizes the sovereignty of
    God in predestination and election.

12
John Calvin
  • Outline of the 1st edition of the Institutes
  • I. The Law An explanation of the Decalogue
  • II. Faith Covering the Apostolic Creed
  • III. Prayer An exposition of the Lords Prayer
  • IV. The Sacraments
  • VI. Christian freedom, Ecclesiastical power, and
    political administration

13
Meanwhile at Geneva
  • One of the leading reformers in Switzerland was
    Guillaume Farel (1489-1565) started his ministry
    in Meaux later fled to Basel (1523) Later helped
    Bern to become a protestant canton (1528)
  • By 1533 he came to Geneva with letters of
    recommendation. However, Geneva preferred to stay
    Catholic.

14
Meanwhile at Geneva
  • The City Council called for him to appear but he
    got out of town
  • Later 1534 Farel returns to Geneva with some help
    and captures the Franciscan Monastery at Rive and
    turns it into a Protestant Church.
  • Farel quickly outflanks the Catholics by
    capturing various churches (St Pierre) and
    convincing the Genevan Council of 200 to suspend
    Catholic Mass (August 10, 1535) all RCC priest
    leave the city.

Chillon castle, Montreux, Lake Geneva, Switzerland
15
Calvin Happens to Happen Upon Geneva
  • Although Farel was a fiery preacher and a man of
    action he was short on Theology and
    administration.
  • Calvin Decides to now leave France because of
    the constant wars. He wants to be a Christian
    thinker and writer and live in peace. So he
    heads to Strasbourg.

Strasbourg Cathedral
16
Calvin Happens to Happen Upon Geneva
  • Well surprise, the route to Strasbourg was closed
    due to a military campaign nearby. So, he
    decides to spend One night in Geneva
  • Farel gets wind of Calvins presence in Geneva
    and goes to visit. He pleads with Calvin to stay
    in Geneva to do the work that Farel is not
    equipped for, but Calvin expresses his desire to
    lead a quiet tranquil life with his books.

Geneva
17
John Calvin
  • Farel tells Calvin May god condemn your repose,
    and the calm you seek for study, if before such a
    great need you withdraw and refuse your help.
  • Calvin says later in his commentary on Psalms
    these words shocked and broke me, and I
    desisted from the journey I had begun.
  • Upon arrival at Geneva 1536 John Calvin was given
    the title Reader in Holy Scripture and began
    lectures on Romans. He was not made a regular
    preacher for nearly a year.

18
John Calvin
  • This new guy in town was not well known by the
    city council (council of 200) The Secretary
    referred to him as the Frenchman. He had no
    income for the 1st 6 months in Geneva.
  • Local cities were also struggling with whether to
    make their cities Protestant or not. They decide
    to have a Disputation (debate) at Lausanne where
    Calvin ran over the Catholics with his knowledge
    of Scripture and the church fathers. This
    strengthened his hand back in Geneva.

Lausanne, Switzerland
19
John Calvin
  • Calvin about October 1537 begins work on setting
    up the ability to excommunicate disobedient
    believers from the church but this requires okay
    from the city council (because church state
    were wed). This starts big problems for Farel
    Calvin.
  • By April 1538 the city council asks Farel and
    Calvin to leave Geneva. Calvin is coerced by
    Bucer and goes to Strasburg. Farel goes to
    Neuchatel.

Neuchatel, Switzerland
20
John Calvin
  • Calvin has a fruitful ministry in Strasburg for 3
    years.

Strasburg, France
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