Basic Neuroscience and Sensory Memory

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Basic Neuroscience andSensory Memory
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Basic Neuroanatomy

• Subcortical Structures
• Hippocampal Region
• Components
• Hippocampus Proper
• Dentate Gyrus
• Subiculum
• Declarative memory
• Anterograde amnesia
• Amygdala
• emotional memory
• Basal Ganglia
• caudate nucleus
• putamen
• globus pallidus

• Cerebellum
• complex motor control and coordination
• procedural memory
• Diencephalon
• thalamus routing station
• hypothalamus regulates neurotransmitter systems

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Basic Neuroanatomy

• Cortical Structures
• right and left hemispheres
• laterality dominance of one hemisphere over the
  other for a particular function

• left better at analytical processing, like
  language and math
• right better at holistic processing, like
  spatial or music processing

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Cortical Structures

• Lobes of the brain
• occipital lobes
• visual processing
• Hubel and Wiesel (1965)
• parietal lobes
• sensory processing and spatial processing

• temporal lobes
• auditory processing
• object recognition parahippocampal region
• possible storage site for episodic memory and
  priming
• frontal lobes control of action, emotion, and
  thought
• important for working memory

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Sensory Memory

• Iconic memory
• Averbach (1963)
• presented two subjects with 1 to 13 dots for
  varying lengths of time (40 - 600 milliseconds)

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Averbach (1963)
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Iconic Memory

• Sperling (1960)
• showed people displays of letters
• 12 letters in a 3x4 matrix
• control condition
• whole report condition
• experimental condition
• partial report condition
• one of three tones was sounded to indicate which
  row of the matrix to begin with during their
  recall phase

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Sperling (1960)
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Change Blindness

• Levin and Simons (1997,1998)
• Video clips

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Echoic Memory

• Darwin, Turvey, and Crowder (1972)
• read lists of numbers to people three lists of
  three digits each
• one list to right ear, one to left, and one to
  both
• control condition
• whole report
• experimental condition
• partial report

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Darwin et al. (1972)
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Haptic Sensory Memory

• Bliss, et al. (1966)
• people received jets of air at different
  locations on the fingers of each hand
• whole report
• partial report
• a light or a tone cue was given to indicate which
  parts of the fingers would be affected
• Remembered almost all locations
• Rapid decay (1.3 seconds)