Kingdom Plantae

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Kingdom Plantae
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Kingdom Plantae

• Evidence suggests that plants evolved from the
  Kingdom Eubacteria, specifically the algae.
• Scientists believe this because
• Each has the same type of chlorophyll.
• Each have cellulose in their cell walls.
• Each produce starch as a food source.

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Plant Divisions

• There are two major divisions into which plants
  can be grouped
• 1)Non-vascular plants
• 2) Vascular Plants
• Vascularization refers to the presence of
• tissues that are capable of moving water
• and therefore nutrients throughout the plant.

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Non-vascular Plants

• Example
• Sphagnum Moss
• See overhead of life cycle which has been
  expertly drawn by Mr. MacQuarrie.

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The Move to Dry Land

• There are three main adaptations that permitted
  the move from wet or watery habitats to dry land.
• 1) Stoma a structure located on the underneath
  of plant leaves which supply a way for the
  passage of O2 and CO2 plural stomata
• 2) A waxy cuticle prevents water loss in stems
  and leaves.
• 3) Vascular tissues

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The Stomata (pg.503)
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Vascular Plants

• Vascular plants are further broken down into two
  groups
• 1) Seedless plants
• 2) Seed bearing plants

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Seedless Plants
Include horsetails and ferns.

• These plants generate spores rather than seeds.

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Seed Bearing Plants

• Divided into two groups
• 1) Plants that have seeds enclosed in a fruit.
  (Angiosperms)
• 2) Plants that have seeds which are not
  enclosed in a fruit. (Gymnosperms)

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Gymnosperms

• Include those plants that reproduce using cones.
  Referred to as conifers.
• Male cones generate pollen which are carried
  through the air and fertilize the egg found on
  female cones, forming a seed.
• Once the female cone matures the seed detaches
  and floats through the air to become a new tree.

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Angiosperms

• The reproductive parts for these plants is
  included within a flower rather than a cone.
• The mature seeds are usually housed inside of a
  fruit.