Business-to-Business e-Commerce

1
Business-to-Business e-Commerce

• e-Business
• ????
• ??? ??

2

• B-to-B Commerce ??

• The B2B market is in explosive growth
• Forrester Researchs projection 43 billion in
  1998 to 1 trillion in 2003
• AMR 215 billion in 1999 to 1 trillion in 2002
  to 5.7 trillion in 2004
• Gartner Group 145 billion in 1999 to 7.3
  trillion in 2004
• Two mainstream directions of B2B Commerce
• electronic markets e-hubs
• electronic hierarchies SCM(Supply Chain
  Management)
• IT Infra for B-to-B
• presently 80 of e-transactions are EDI-based
• will eventually move to XML-based Web interchanges

3
Business-to-Business e-Commerce

• e-Hubs ??
• intermediaries for B2B e-commerce, linking buyers
  with sellers
• electronic market-makers i.e,. organizations
  that develop Internet marketplaces for particular
  industries or geographic regions
• e-Hubs? ??
• ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ?? (B2B??? ? ?? ??)
• offline ???? ??? ???? ???? ??
• Two categories of e-Hubs
• Vertical e-hubs
• Horizontal (or functional) e-hubs

4
The Concept of e-Hub
Suppliers
e-Hub
Buyers
5
Horizontal vs. Vertical e-Hubs
????
Function (or business process)
??
Vertical
Horizontal
??
??
??
????
??
??? ??
Industry sector
6
Vertical e-Marketmaker

• Focus on an industry or a market segment
• Examples
• Altra Exchange (natural gas, electric power, and
  liquid fuels)
• IMX Mortgage Exchange (commerce hub for mortgage
  lenders brokers)
• Instill Online (commerce hub in the food service
  industry for large buyers distributors)
• CheMatch (exchange for commodity chemicals)
• Arbinet (telecommunications bandwidth)
• VerticalNet (hub of vertical hubs)
• Typically starts out by automating and hosting
  the procurement process and then supplement their
  offerings with industry-specific content
• Challenge diverisifying and extending their
  business into other vertical markets

7
Horizontal e-Marketmaker

• Focus on providing the same function or the same
  business process across different industries
• Examples
• iMark.com (exchange of used capital equipments)
• Processors Unlimited (reverse logistics)
• MRO.com (maintenance, repair, and operating
  procurement)
• Employease (employee benefits administration)
• Celarix (global logistics monitoring and
  tracking)
• BidCom (project management)
• YOUtilities (energy management)
• Challenge delivering industry-specific content,
  in addition to process-related content

8
Supply Chain Management (SCM)

• SCM applications execute corporate operations
  such as managing warehouses, inventory supplies
  and distribution channels.
• Execution applications track the storage and
  movement of materials, information and financial
  data among suppliers, manufacturers, distributors
  and customers
• Planning applications (optimization software)
  use advanced algorithms to find the best way to
  fill an order based on set operation constraints.
• ?? ??
• Flow manufacturing ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????
  ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????
• Just-in-time purchasing ??? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???
  ???? ??
• Logistics management ??, ??, ???? ? ???? ?? ??
  ????? ??
• Materials management ??? ?? ? ??
• Quick response ?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?
  ?? ??

9
A Real-world Case Mobil Oil? SCM ???

• Problem
• ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???
• Goal
• ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??
• Solution
• 6? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ? ?? SCM ????? ??
• SCM? ??? ????? ?? (SCM????? ????? ??? ?? ??)
• Benefits
• ????? ??? ??? 12 ??
• ?????? ?? ??

10

• A Real-world Case AMD? ?????

• ?? (1994)
• ??? ?? ?????? ?? (???? ???? ?? ??? ??)
• ??? ???? ?? ??? ? ?? ????? ??
• Solution
• Ariba Technologies Inc.?? ??? ???? ??????? ??
• ?? ???? ?? (?? ?????, ??? ? ??)
• ?? ??
• ???? paperwork ??? ?? ?????? ???
• ????? ??????? ?? commodity manager? ? (?? ?????
  ??? ??? ??????)

11
A Real-world Case Office Depot? SCM???

• Office Depot? ???? ??
• ?? ????? ???, ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ??? ???
• ?? SCM ??? ???? ???? ??
• ?? IT Client-Server ???? ?? ????? ERP ??
  custom-developed software ?? EDI ?? P.O. ??
• System Overview
• ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ?? (?????? ??)
• ? ??? 80? ? ??? ?? ???? ? ???????? ?? ?? (????
  ???? ??, ??, EDI ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??)
• ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ???, ??? ? ????
  ? ?? ?? ?? ???
• ??? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ????? ????, ???
  ??? ????? ???? ??? ????, ??? ?? ?? ??? ????
• ???? ???? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??????,
  ?????? ?? ?????? ???