Andrew Jackson

1
Andrew Jacksons Presidency
Jackson ran for president in 1824, lost to John
Quincy Adams. During this time period (1824-28),
the numbers of voters increased by more than 3
times. This helped Jackson win the election of
1828, by appealing to the common man.
Jackson inspired loyalty during his campaign
Started spoils system. Jackson fired almost
10 of federal appointees.
Jackson will appoint people who share his vision,
a strong believer in states rights
2
Andrew Jackson Indian Removal Act (1830)
Tribes of the southeast, known as the 5
civilized tribes began to assimilate the customs
of their European neighbors. These tribes were
Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek, Chickasaw.
After War of 1812, many white settlers wanted
Indian land.

• CHEROKEE
• Fight in court system.
• Worcester v. Georgia Court ruled Georgia was
  not entitled to regulate the Cherokee.
• Jackson refused to abide by ruling.
• Cherokee continued to fight in state courts
• Many Cherokee begin to favor relocation.

• INDIAN REMOVAL ACT (1830)
• Federal govt can negotiate treaties to move
  tribes west.
• About 90 treaties are signed.

• FORCING THE ISSUE
• Jackson will have many forcibly removed.
• Saux Fox
• Chickasaw

October of 1838 Cherokee are sent off, about 800
miles. About 25 of people die along the way.
3
Andrew Jackson National Bank
Tariff of 1816 was increased in 1824. The 1828,
the Tariff is called the Tariff of Abominations,
because the tariff was raised again. In 1832,
another Tariff was passed and this time, South
Carolina declared the Tariffs of 1828 1832
unconstitutional. Henry Clay had a compromise
that would call for the Tariffs to be lowered
over a 10 year period.
BUS Charter expired in 1836, was not renewed.
The bank then failed 5 years later.
Jackson disliked the Bank of the US (BUS). He
had vowed to destroy it!
Nicholas Biddle was the banks president, did
make bad choices that reinforced Jacksons view.
Jackson appointed a Secr. of Treasury that would
put federal funds into state banks. These were
called Pet Banks.
Jackson made the public believe that the BUS was
a privileged institution.
4
Andrew Jacksons Legacy
Those angry w/ Jackson his politics formed a
new political party called the Whig Party. They
backed the ideas of the American System. They
supported policies such as a protective tariff,
using federal money to build a transportation
system, a federal banking system, nationally
accepted currency. Van Buren won, w/ support
from Jackson.
Currency was worthless Jackson ordered only
gold to be used for land purchases.
Pet Banks Most were not stable. They failed
when people tried to re-deem currency for
gold/silver.
Panic of 1837 Banks closed, credit collapsed.
1/3 of pop. out of work.
Jacksons Legacy
Van Buren Tried to get things under control,
however it was too little, too late.
Jacksons economic policies laid the ground work
for the Panic of 1837.