Electronics

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Electronics

• Dan SimonCleveland State UniversityESC 120

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Voltage

• Voltage is the amount of work needed to move an
  electric charge
• High voltage in an electrical system is like high
  pressure in a hydraulic system
• Common outlets in the United States 120 Volts,
  60 Hertz, alternating current (AC)

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Current

• Electric current The flow of electric charge
  (electrons), measured in Amperes
• One amp of current means a flow of one Coulomb
  (6.241  1018 electrons) per second
• Amps Coulombs / second
• High current in an electrical system is like high
  rate of flow in a hydraulic system

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Power

• Power The rate at which current flows, measured
  in Watts
• Power is the product of voltage and current
• Watts Volts Amps
• Typical power consumption
• Air conditioner 2000 W
• Clock 2 W
• Television 200 W
• Light bulb 100 W

Ohios average electricity cost 12 cents per
kW-hr
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Resistors

• A resistor reduces the rate of flow of electric
  current, measured in Ohms V IR
• Example If R1 gt R2, then the current through R1
  will be less than the current through R2

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Resistor Combinations
Series R R1 R2
Parallel R 1 / (1/R1 1/R2)
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Potentiometer
Trimpot Adjuster
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Capacitors

• Capacitors store electrical energy

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Transistors

• Transistors can be used as electrically-controlled
  switches. The current through the transistor is
  proportional to the voltage applied to the base.

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Diodes

• Diodes allow current to flow only in one
  direction.Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emit
  light.The long lead connects to the positive
  voltage.

Current flow
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Solderless Breadboard
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• Breadboard

Internal connections in orange
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Wire and Wire Strippers
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Multimeter
Measures voltage, current, and resistance. If
you get unpredictable readings, check the battery!
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Power Supply
Regulated 5 Volt power supply wall wart You
need to cut off the connector so that you can
connect the bare wires to your breadboard
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Breadboard

• Breadboard with connector posts, ready for power
  supply connections

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LED Experiment
Resistor value should be at least 400 ohms
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Potentiometer Experiment
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Motor Experiment
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Motor Experiment