Title: Hazard Communication and Laboratory Safety
1Hazard Communication and Laboratory Safety
- Jay Abbt,
- Daron White
- Environmental Health Safety Department
- Adapted from TAMUs Lab Safety Program
2Contents
- Section One
- Safety on Campus
- Section Two
- Hazard Communication
- Section Three
- General Safety
- Section Four
- Chemical Safety
- Section Five
- Emergency Response
SAFETY
3Safety Contacts
- Ethics Point (reporting unsafe conditions)
- 1.888.501.3850
- Emergency (FD, PD, EMS)
- (936) 261-4911
- 4-911
- UPD (non-emergency)
- (936) 261-1375
- EHS (8-5)
- (936) 261-1745/1746
- EMAIL
- ehs_at_pvamu.edu
- Maintenance (Trouble Call)
- (936) 261-9700
Emergency 4-911
Section One
4Environmental Health Safety Programs
- Biological Safety
- Chemical Safety
- CPR, First Aid, AED
- Construction Plan Review
- Defensive Driver
- Fire Life Safety
- Fume Hood Testing
- Spill Response
- Hazard Communication
- Hazardous Waste
- Industrial Hygiene
- Laboratory Safety
- Laser Safety
- Protocol Review
- Radiological Safety
- Safety Inspections
- Safety Training
Section One
5Reporting Accidents
- Actual Accidents and Injuries Report
Immediately! - Near Accidents Inform Supervisor EHS
- Hazardous Conditions Inform Supervisor
FIRST REPORT OF INJURY Completed by
Supervisor http//www.tdi.state.tx.us/forms/dwc/d
wc001rpt.pdf
Section One
6Purpose of Hazard Communication
- To ensure that employers and employees know about
work hazards and how to protect themselves so
that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due
to hazardous chemicals is reduced.
Section Two
7Texas Hazard Communication
- Applies to all employees working for this state
who may be exposed to hazardous chemicals under
normal operating conditions or foreseeable
emergencies
Section Two
8Texas Hazard Communication
An official Texas Department of State Health
Services Notice to Employees must be posted at
the location(s) within each workplace where
notices are normally posted
Section Two
9General HazCom Requirements for Prairie View AM
University
- Laboratory Safety Manual is available at
http//www.pvamu.edu/pages/547.asp - Workplace Chemical Lists
- Material Safety Data Sheets
- Labeling
- Training
- Workplace Program
Section Two
10 Laboratory Requirements
- Training
- Supervision
- Material Safety Data Sheets
- Primary and Secondary Container Labeling
- PPE
- Work Area Chemical Inventory (Lab, stockroom,
and/or bldg list)
Section Two
11TrainingRequirements
- When assignment begins
- Whenever a New or Increased Hazard is Introduced
- Whenever New and Significant Hazard Information
is Received for a Chemical in the Work Area
Section Two
12General Safety Training
- Information on MSDS and how to obtain them
- Information on labels
- Generic information on hazardous chemicals
- First Aid
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Chemical spill clean-up
- Chemical Waste Disposal
Section Two
13Work Area Specific Training
- Information on hazardous chemicals
- Location of MSDSs
- PPE
- First Aid
- Spill clean-up
- Chemical Waste Disposal
Lab Manager/PI
Section Two
14Material Safety Data Sheets Requirements
- Readily Accessible
- Work Area File
- Manufacturer/Distributor
- EHS 936.261.1745 / 1746 http//www.pvamu.edu/pa
ges/547.asp -
- Current
Section Two
15Material Safety Data Sheets Information
- Identification
- Manufacturer Name and Address
- Physical and Chemical Characteristics
- Physical Hazards
- Health Hazards
- Routes of Entry
- Exposure Limits
- Carcinogenicity
- Safe Handling
- Emergency and First-Aid
Section Two
16Primary Container Labeling
- Identity
- Hazards
- Manufacturer
Section Two
17Secondary Container Labeling
- Identity (as it appears on the MSDS)
- Hazards (words, pictures and/or symbols)
(In research laboratory, chemicals must be
readily identifiable)
Section Two
18LabelingN.F.P.A. 704
Flash Point 4-Below 73oF 3-Below 100oF 2-Above
100oF Not Exceeding 200oF 1-Above 200oF 0-Will
Not Burn
4-Deadly 3-Extreme Danger 2-Hazardous 1-Sligh
tly Hazardous 0-Normal
4-May Detonate 3-Shock and Heat May
Detonate 2-Violent Chemical Change 1-Unstable if
Heated 0-Stable
Section Two
19Labeling D.O.T.
Section Two
20Labeling
Section Two
21Safety Considerations
- Hazard
- The source of danger (chemical, electrical, hot
surface, etc.) - Risk
- The likelihood of occurrence (Taking into account
the length of exposure to the hazard) - Consequence
- Outcome Impact (due to exposure to the hazard)
Section Three
22Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
23Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
24Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
25Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
26Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
27Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
28Physical Hazards
- Electrical
- Cuts Puncture Wounds
- Mechanical
- Noise
- Temperature
- Projectiles
- Housekeeping
Section Three
29Section Three
30Section Three
31Section Three
32Compressed Gases
- Gases -- Toxic, Corrosive, Flammable, Explosive
- Hazards
- Weight
- Sudden release of pressure
- Regulator (appropriate type)
- Properly Secured
- Report any Leaks
- Have Identification
- Know Procedures
- Remove Empty Cylinders
Section Three
33Liquid Cryogens
- Cryogens, such as liquid nitrogen, oxygen, and
helium are extremely cold liquids that can
produce a painful burn. - Cryogens can expand rapidly and must never be
contained in a closed system. - Eyes and bare skin can be injured immediately if
they come into contact with cryogens.
Section Three
34Liquid Nitrogen Burn to the Hand
Section Three
35What Should I Look For on Cryogenic Cylinders?
- Cylinders should be tested every five years.
Contact EHS for details. - Look for swelling (ribbing) of the external tank.
If evidence exists, contact EHS immediately!
Section Three
36What Should I Look For on Cryogenic Cylinders?
- Report any excessive venting or leakage to the
vendor and EHS. - Always check that a pressure relief valve and
rupture disc are present on the cylinder prior to
filling or usage
Section Three
37Pressure Relief Valve and Rupture Disc
Section Three
38Section Three
39Chemical Storage
- Store by hazard class
- Date when received and when opened
- Separate incompatibles
- Keep from heat/sunlight
- Label properly (secondary container)
- Minimize quantities
- Do not store flammables in household refrigerator
or freezer - Protect against spills
- Dispose of outdated, questionable or unneeded
Section Three
40Whats wrong with these pictures?
Section Three
41Whats wrong with this picture?
Section Three
42Whats wrong with this picture?
Section Three
43Whats wrong with this picture?
Section Three
44Section Three
45Hazard Reduction
- Engineering Controls
- Substitution
- Elimination of the hazard
- Administrative (rules, signs, training)
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Section Three
46Chemical Fume Hood
- Keep sash closed
- Raise large equipment
- Keep equipment at least 6 from face
- Keep clean
- Not for storage
- No perchloric acid
- Do not modify
- Do not block airflow
- Avoid rapid movement
Section Three
47Whats wrong with this picture?
Section Three
48Personal Protective Equipment
- Eyes
- Safety Glasses, Chemical Splash Goggles, Full
Face Shield (with protective eyewear) - Hands
- Appropriate Type of Gloves
- Body
- Lab Coat, Apron, Tie Long Hair Back, Closed Toe
Shoes, and Other Appropriate Clothing - Respiratory
- Dust Mask, Full and Half Face Respirators, SCBA
Section Three
49Hazardous Waste
- Use appropriate container
- No Incompatible Waste
- Allow for expansion
- Keep closed
- Label Hazardous Waste
- Identify contents
Section Three
50Hazardous Waste
- Deface container label
- Complete Hazardous Waste Tag
- Contact EHS for vendor information so you can
purchase tags to have available for use.
Section Three
51Hazardous Materials Shipping
Section Three
52Corrosives
- Destroy tissue at the point of contact
- Acids
- Bases
- Dehydrating Agents
- Strong Oxidizing Agents
Section Four
53Working with Corrosives
- Protect Eyes and Skin
- Work in Hood
- Large Quantities
- Wear protective clothing
- A-W Dilution
Section Four
54Contact with Corrosives
- Remove contaminated clothing
- Rinse in safety shower or eyewash for at least 15
minutes - Seek Medical Attention
Section Four
55Reactives
- Undergo violent reaction under certain conditions
- Explosive
- Readily Polymerize
- Water Reactive
- Air Reactive
- Strong Oxidizers
Section Four
56Working with Reactives
- Preplan to reduce exposure
- Isolate from cause of reaction
- Storage
- Separate from other chemicals
- Keep in Cool/dry area
- Out of sunlight
Section Four
57When Reactive React
- Emergency Equipment
- Fire Extinguisher
- Respiratory Equipment
- Contact
- Flush for 15 minutes
- (except with water reactives)
Section Four
58Flammable Liquids
- Any liquid that has a flash point below 100oF
- Differs from Combustible Liquid (Any liquid that
has a flash point at or above 100oF)
Section Four
59Flammable Solids
- A solid that is liable to cause fires through
friction, absorption of moisture, etc. or which
can be readily ignited (I.E. sodium metal)
Section Four
60Flammables Key Terms
- Flash point The temperature at which vapors burn
when ignited - Fire Point The temperature at which liquid burns
when ignited - Autoignition temperature The lowest temperature
at which a substance will ignite spontaneously
(without ignition source)
Section Four
61Defining Flammable Limits
- Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) The mixture of
substance and air is too rich to burn (not enough
oxygen) - Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) The mixture of
substance and air lacks sufficient fuel
(substance) to burn
Section Four
62Working with Flammables
- Remove Ignition Source (heat or spark)
- Keep away from oxidizers and combustible
materials - Work in a fume hood or a well ventilated area
Section Four
63Storage of Flammables
- Well ventilated area
- Flammable storage cabinet
- Lab-safe refrigerator
- Isolated from incompatible chemicals
Section Four
64When there is a Fire
- Fire Extinguishers
- Building Alarms
- Building Procedures
Section Four
65Toxins
- Cause illness or injury by upsetting biological
functions or damaging biological structures - Acute exposure
- Chronic exposure
- Dose-response relationship
- sola dosis facit venenum
- -Paracelsus
Section Four
66Factors affecting Toxicity
- Dosage
- Duration of exposure
- Exposure to other chemicals
- Mixtures
- Routes of entry
- Physical health
- Inherited parameters
- Sensitivity to the chemical
Section Four
67Types of Toxins
- Carcinogens
- cause growth of abnormal tissue
- Reproductive Toxins
- interfere with reproduction of adult
- Teratogens
- interfere with embryo/fetus development
Section Four
68Types of Toxins
- Mutagens
- alters DNA
- Neurotoxins
- damage nervous system
Section Four
69Working with Toxins
- Safe levels of exposure are established by three
entities NIOSH, OSHA, and ACGIH
Section Four
70Working with Toxins
- Explanation of acronyms
- REL Recommended Exposure Limit (NIOSH)
- PEL Permissible Exposure Limit (OSHA)
- TLV Threshold Limit Value (ACGIH)
Section Four
71Working with Toxins
- Explanation of acronyms
- STEL Short Term Exposure Limit
- IDLH - Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
- C - Ceiling value (a concentration that must not
be exceeded during any part of the work day) - TWA - Time-Weighted Average
Section Four
72Example from NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical
Hazards
- Hydrogen fluoride (HF)
- CAS 7664-39-3
- Exposure Limits
- NIOSH REL TWA 3 ppm (2.5 mg/m3) C 6 ppm (5
mg/m3) 15-minute - OSHA PEL TWA 3 ppm
- IDLH 30 ppm
- Conversion 1 ppm 0.82 mg/m3
73Working with Toxins
- Read MSDS for exposure limits and proper handling
information - Use Fume Hood
- Proper Protective Gear
- No food or drinks in lab
Section Four
74Working with Toxins
- When in doubt, contact EHS
- Information
- Monitoring
- Recommendations
Section Four
75Contact Phone Numbers
- Emergency
- 4-911
- (936) 261-4911
- EHS
- (936) 261-1745 / 1746
Section Five
76First Aid
- Remove contaminated clothing
- Flush with water
- (at least 15 minutes)
- Chemical specific first aid
- Medical attention call (936) 261-4911
Section Five
77Safety Equipment to look for
Section Five
78Chemical Spill Clean-up
- Rule of thumb you can clean the spill up
yourself if it can be done without hurting
yourself or others and its not an emergency or
likely to become an emergency. - If not, call 4-911.
- If you do clean it up you are still required to
call EHS.
Section Five
79Chemical Spill Clean-up
- Develop plan of action
- Know when to call for HELP!
- How to contain spill
- Who is responsible for the clean up
- How to Decontaminate the area
Section Five
80Chemical Spill Clean-up
- Identify chemical
- Protect yourself
- Notify others
- Attend to injured or exposed
- Clean up or Call for help
Section Five
81Conclusion
- Know the safety contact numbers
- Report any accidents immediately
- Have the appropriate training when a new hazard
is introduced - Use a current MSDS to know the characteristics of
each chemical - Label all containers with their contents
82Conclusion
- Know the hazards and risks in your lab and the
consequences of an incident - Keep in mind the safety of compressed gas and
cryogenic cylinders - Practice good chemical storage and handling
techniques - Wear the Proper Protective Equipment at all times
83Conclusion
- Use the fume hood when appropriate and operate
properly - Label and dispose of hazardous waste
appropriately - Know the specific hazards of the chemicals you
will be working with - Know the proper first aid procedures for the
chemicals you will be working with - Know where your safety equipment is located
84A SAFE ATTITUDE IS CONTAGIOUS ! - PASS IT ON -