Excretory System

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Excretory System

• Getting the waste out

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Excretory system organs

• Kidneys
• 1. Cortex
• 2. Medulla
• 3. Pelvis
• Lungs
• Liver
• Skin

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Urinary System

• Kidneys create urine by filtering the blood
• Ureters carry urine from kidney to urinary
  bladder
• Urinary bladder stores urine
• Urethra tube emptying the urinary bladder

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Urine Composition
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Nephron

• Glomerulus
• Bowmans Capsule
• Proximal Convoluted Tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Distal Convoluted Tubule
• Collecting Duct

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Nephron Component Functions

• Glomerulus mechanically filters blood
• Bowman's Capsule mechanically filters blood
• Proximal Convoluted Tubule Reabsorbs 75 of the
  water, salts, glucose, and amino acids
• Loop of Henle Countercurrent exchange, which
  maintains the concentration gradient
• Distal Convoluted Tubule Tubular secretion of H
  ions, potassium, and certain drugs.

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Nephrons

• Functional unit of the kidney that makes urine,
  controls water balance, regulates blood
  pressure
• Filters 45 gallons of blood/day making 1 ml of
  urine/min
• Nephron FXNsFiltration, Reabsorption,
  Excretion

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Kidney Functions (All occur in NEPHRONS
1,250,000 / kidney)

• Filtration - High pressure at the glomerulus
  filters___ out of the blood into the filtrate
• a. Water
• b. Glucose
• c. Salts
• d. Amino Acids
• e. Urea

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Kidney Functions (All occur in NEPHRONS
1,250,000 / kidney)

• Reabsorption (From filtrate) Loop of Henle
• 99 water (178 liters/day)
• 100 glucose (180 g/day)
• 91 salts (1 300 g/day)
• 100 amino acids
• 50 urea

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Kidney Functions (All occur in NEPHRONS
1,250,000 / kidney)

• Secretion (From blood stream to the distal
  tubule)
• - Uric acid
• - Creatine
• - H
• - Ammonia

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Kidney Functions (All occur in NEPHRONS
1,250,000 / kidney)

• Excretion (Collecting ducts carry urine toward
  ureters)
• a.      Water
• b.     Salts
• c.      Uric acid
• d.      Urea
• e.      Ammonia
• f.      Creatine

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Lungs

• Excretion
• a.      CO2 (From aerobic respiration)
• b.     Water (From dehydration synthesis
  reactions)

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Liver

• Detoxification center
• a.  Destroys worn out Red Blood Cells, Gives
  urine the yellow color
• b.  Breaks down excess amino acids forming urea
• c.   Removes bacteria, certain drugs, and
  hormones from the blood and inactivates or
  changes them to a less poisonous form (e.g.
  alcohol).