A Seminar on AUTOMOBILE SAFETY

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A Seminar on AUTOMOBILE SAFETY
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INTRODUCTION

• Automobile Industry is undergoing a BIG
  TRANSFORMATION never seen before.
• Today CARs are not only used for personal
  Transport but they are ENCOMPASSED with
• Entertainment that vies with the fedility of your
  HOME THEATRE
• Seating arrangement more comfortable than your
  RECLINER
• SAFETY FEATURES making your car safer than a TANK
  

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Globally car companies Spend nearly 36 billon
annually for influencing new TECHNOLOGIES into
their cars.

• Some of the big advancement in Automotive
  Industry in last 10years have come in a area of
  SAFETY.

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• In addition to Telematics based Services like
• Digital Satellite Radio
• In car E-mail
• GPS systems

• Recent Advancement in Braking Technology have led
  to
• Shorter stopping distance
• Increased Control in PANIC situation
• More control on CURVED turns

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Air Bags

• Whats the main function of the System?
• Material of Airbags?
• History

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Actual Working
Airbag Before Collision
Airbag After Collision
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Inflation unit

• How does it INFLATES?

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Effectiveness

• This system has proven its effectiveness
• In frontal crashes reduction in d rivers death
  reduced by nearly 14
• Passenger side airbags reducing death by nearly
  11
• NHTSA estimated reduction in risk by nearly 85
  with the combination of seat belt and airbags
  compared than only seatbelt i.e60

Car Model Head Injury Risk Head Injury Risk
Car Model        Airbag          No Airbag  
Holden Commodore 28 48
Toyota Camry 20 44
Mitsubishi Magna 6 27
Ford Falcon 14 N. A.
This are some crash results which give the
effectiveness of the system
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Different types of Airbags
DRIVERS SIDE AIRBAG
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PASSENGER AIR BAG
Curtain Airbags
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Anti-lock Braking System

• Introduction?
• Advancement in the system?
• Working?

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Advancement in the system?
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How Does the system Works?

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Working

• Conventional Braking
• Whole process is controlled by driver applied
  break paddle pressure
• ABS Braking
• Electric Sensors monitor the wheel speed
• ABS microprocessor Compares the wheel speed
• Control valve is energized.

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Effectiveness
ABS on a test track
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• Advantages
• Achives the Shortest Stopping distance
• Better chance on Steering around obstacle
• Reduced risk of skidding

• Disadvantages
• Precautions should be taken while driving
• Proved less effective on gravel road or road
  compacted by snow

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Traction Control

• Next Generation ABS
• Uses ABS as a Building block.
• Can be is a combination of ABS Engine control

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Mainly the system has to control some or all
conditions

• Retard or Suppress the spark to one or more
  cylinders
• Retard fuel supply to one or main cylinder
• Break one or more wheel
• Close the throttle, if the vehicle is fitted by
  wire throttle

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Electronic Stability Control

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Main components of the system

A) active wheel speed sensors B) steering
angle sensor C) Yaw rate sensor D) attached
electronic control unit (ECU) E) motor F)
pressure sensor, G) hydraulic unit.
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Steering Angle Sensor
Understeering (plowing out)
Oversteering (spinning out)
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Some important ECS definitions

• ESC augments vehicle directional stability by
  applying and adjusting the vehicle brakes
  individually to induce correcting yaw torques to
  the vehicle.

• ESC is a computer-controlled system, which uses
  a close-loop algorithm to limit under steer and
  over steer of the vehicle when appropriate

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Case Study
A S-Class Mercedes sedan testing Bosch's ESP
system