Independent%20and%20dependent%20clauses

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Independent and dependent clauses
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Learning Objective

• Today I will distinguish between independent and
  dependent clauses
• I will be able to write an analogy for
  independent and dependent clauses.
• I will be able to write and punctuate complex
  sentences correctly.

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Why are we going over this?

• Too many of you have included sentence fragments
  in your writing. In other words, you are not
  using complete sentences!

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The Clause

• Clauses ALWAYS have subjects and verbs
• Clauses are categorized into 2 groups
• Independent (AKA main)
• Dependent (AKA subordinate)
• The independent clause can stand alone as a
  complete sentence or thought (not a fragment)
• The dependent clause CANNOT stand alone it has a
  subject and verb, but is a fragment and DEPENDS
  on a main clause to make sense

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An analogy to help

• Think of the Main Clause as a manager.
• Think of the Subordinate Clauses as workers.
• The Subordinates cannot do the work without the
  Managers approval (otherwise, chaos ensues).
• Thus, any subordinate clause always needs a main
  clause to manage them.

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Or if that didnt make sense to you, try this one

• The independent clause can be thought of as a
  parent.
• Whereas the dependent (subordinate) clauses can
  be thought of as the children.
• Hence, the children depend on the parents
  approval to do
• anything.

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• Can you think of another analogy that would work
  for independent and dependent clauses?

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A related group of words with a subject and
predicate is called a clause.

• A complex sentence contains an independent and
  dependent clause.

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• Independent clause
• Native Americans lived on the island until they
  were attacked.
• Dependent clause

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Heres a trick!

• You can check to see if a clauses is independent
  or dependent by using this following trick
• At the beginning of the clause in question, add
  It is possible that

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Its possible that

• Example
• Grew up in Palm Desert
• I am your 10th grade student this year at LQHS.
• Also to see what your personality was
• For example running, playing, jumping.
• Are any of these independent clauses?

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Write I or D for independent or dependent clause.

• 1. if you live on an island______
• 2. the tides affect your life______
• 3. the water level rises_____
• 4. when the tide comes in_____
• 5. much of the beach disappears under water_____
• 6. until the tide goes out_____

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In the following sentences, identify the
independent and dependent clauses.

• Although it was located next to a school, the
  Radiac Research Corporation was storing large
  amounts of medical waste.
• Cleopatra lived in ancient Egypt, which she
• ruled.
• When a crowd gathered for a public rally, the
  teens told the people about Radiac.
• Billy fell in the sewer on a neighborhood street
  as he was playing on a Saturday afternoon.

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Furthermore,

• How do I punctuate two independent clauses that
  are closely related?
• USE A SEMICOLON! Or a period

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Independent Clause

• I need new school clothes. I will go to the mall.
• Because these sentences (independent clauses) are
  closely related, they can be joined with a
  semi-colon
• I need new clothes I will go to the mall.

Sub verb
sub verb verb
independent clause
independent clause
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If you start a sentence with a dependent clause,
use a comma before the independent clause.

• USE A COMMA!
• Because I dont have a car, I cant go
  off campus for lunch today.
• If the dependent clause appears after the
  independent clause, you dont need any
  punctuation! Whoo hoo!
• I cant go off campus today for lunch
  because I dont have a car.

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• Whenever you begin a sentence with a
  subordinating conjunction, use a comma.
• My cell phone rang in class. I answered it.
• Because my cell phone rang in class, I answered
  it.
• Last weeks sentence structure works here as
  well My cell phone rang in class I answered it.
• Either way, rather than write two boring
  sentences punctuated with a period, you can now
  choose two different ways to write this sentence
  more effectively by using a more complex
  structure.

sub verb
sub verb
independent clause
independent clause
dependent clause
independent clause
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Tools you need to remember

• Its possible that

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Also, here are some words that trigger the
entrance of a dependent clause

• Because
• When Though
• Unless
• Whenever
• While
• As long as
• As soon as
• In order that

If Since Although After As As if Before So
that Until
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TASK- whats cooking?

• Write one sentence for each following sentence
  recipe
• Recipe 1 Two independent clauses closely
  related
• Recipe 2 Complex sentence starting with a
  dependent clause (use your list of trigger words)
• Recipe 3 Complex sentence ending with a
  dependent clause.
• Finally, write an analogy for independent and
  dependent clauses. Be sure to draw a picture to
  go with it!