Community Ecology: Structure, Species Interactions, Succession and Sustainability Chapter 8

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Community Ecology Structure, Species
Interactions, Succession and SustainabilityChapt
er 8
What is this balance of nature that ecologists
talk about? Stuart L. Pimm
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Key Concepts

• Community Structure
• Roles of species
• Species interactions
• Changes in ecosystems
• Stability of ecosystems

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Community Structure Appearance and Species
Diversity

• Stratification
• Species Diversity
• Species richness
• Niche structure
• Edge effects

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Biodiversity

• Latitude
• Depth
• Pollution
• Theory of island biogeography

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General Types of Species

• Native
• Non-native (exotic or alien)
• Indicator
• Keystone

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vtiYrqucl2vg
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?viLH1qLCvqSg

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Species Interactions Competition

• Intraspecific competition
• Interspecific competition
• Interference competition
• Exploitation competition
• Competitive exclusion principle
• Resource partitioning

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Resource Partitioning
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Species Interactions Predation

• Predator
• Prey
• Prey acquisition
• Predator avoidance

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Symbiotic Species Interactions Parasitism

• Parasite
• Host
• Endoparasites
• Ectoparasites

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Symbiotic Species Interactions Mutualism

• Reproductive mutualism pollination
• Nutritional mutualism
• Nutritional/protection mutualism

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Symbiotic Species Interactions Commensalism

• Indirect i.e., small plants growing in shade of
  larger plants
• Direct i.e., epiphytes, remoras

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Ecological SuccessionCommunities in Transition

• Primary succession
• Secondary succession
• Pioneer Species
• Successional species

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Primary Succession
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Secondary Succession
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Succession and Wildlife
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The Rate of Succession

• Facilitation
• Inhibition
• Tolerance

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Ecological Stability and Sustainability

• Disturbance
• Climax community
• Inertia
• Constancy
• Resilience
• Precautionary principle

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Writing Assignment

• The town council has observed that the frog
  population of a local stream has been dwindling.
  This stream receives storm water from a new
  development that has been planting and
  fertilizing the lawns of the new homes being
  built. The town council is looking to limit the
  amount of pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer
  that can be applied to personal property.
• You assignment is to write a letter supporting or
  opposing this limitation. (You will be assigned
  one side or the other.)
• In your letter, use information from chapter 8 to
  write your letter.