GUREENA D.

1
GROUP 4/11
GUREENA D. TYUNINA V. SIROTKIN N. EFIMOV
N. VASILIEV O.
2
WHAT IS SYNAESTHESIA?

• Synaesthesia is a responding to a stimulus of one
• sense modality with sensations which belong to
• another sense modality. In 1883, Sir Francis
  Galton
• made the first scientific reports, describing the
• experiences of synesthetes, (he called them
  'seers).
• Now, we know that the synesthetic experience of a
• synesthete is a real and concrete sensory
• phenomenon. Synesthesia seems to be a natural
• form of virtual reality. Synesthesia is divided
  into two
• categories
• two-sensory (the crossing of two senses)
• 2) multi-sensory (the crossing of three or more
  senses).

3
Types of synaesthesia Types of synaesthesia Types of synaesthesia Types of synaesthesia Types of synaesthesia Types of synaesthesia
Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male Of 738 cases, 529 (72) are female, 209 (28) male
Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia Of 733 cases, 371 (51) have multiple synesthesia
           
Graphemes -gt colors 517/778 66.5 Smells -gt temperatures 1/778 0.1
Time units -gt colors 177/778 22.8 Smells -gt touch 5/778 0.6
Musical sounds -gt colors 144/778 18.5 Sounds -gt kinetics 4/778 0.5
General sounds -gt colors 113/778 14.5 Sounds -gt smells 14/778 1.8
Phonemes -gt colors 77/778 9.9 Sound -gt tastes 48/778 6.2
Musical notes -gt colors 75/778 9.6 Sound -gt temperatures 4/778 0.5
Smells -gt colors 53/778 6.8 Sound -gt touch 31/778 4.0
Tastes -gt colors 51/778 6.6 Tastes -gt sounds 1/778 0.1
Pain -gt colors 45/778 5.8 Tastes -gt temperatures 1/778 0.1
Personalities -gt colors 43/778 5.5 Tastes -gt touch 4/778 0.5
Touch -gt colors 31/778 4.0 Temperatures -gt sounds 1/778 0.1
Temperatures -gt colors 19/778 2.4 Touch -gt smell 2/778 0.3
Orgasm -gt colors 8/778 1.0 Touch -gt sounds 3/778 0.4
Emotions -gt colors 8/778 1.0 Touch -gt tastes 5/778 0.6
Kinetics -gt sounds 3/778 0.4 Touch -gt temperatures 1/778 0.1
Musical notes -gt tastes 1/778 0.1 Vision -gt smells 8/778 1.0
Personalities -gt smells 3/778 0.4 Vision -gt sounds 12/778 1.5
Personalities -gt touch 1/778 0.1 Vision -gt tastes 16/778 2.1
Smells -gt sounds 4/778 0.5 Vision -gt Temperatures 2/778 0.3
Smells -gt tastes 1/778 0.1 Vision -gt touch 8/778 1.0
4
Lets discuss synaesthesia in art !
The phrase synaesthesia in art has historically
referred to a wide variety of artistic
experiments in order to synthesize different art
disciplines (i.e. music and painting) as can be
observed in the genres of visual music, abstract
film, computer animation, symbolist poetry,
multimedia and intermedial art.
5
Synesthesia in literature
6
Synesthesia is a neurological condition in which
one or more sensory modalities become linked.
Author and synesthete, Patricia Lynne Duffy has
described four ways in which synesthete
characters have been used in modern fiction.
7
According to author Patricia Lynne Duffy in her
presentations on "Images of Synesthetes in
Fiction", portrayals of these characters and
their synesthesia generally fall into four
categories

1. synesthesia as Romantic ideal
2. synesthesia as pathology
3. synesthesia as Romantic pathology
4. synesthesia as health and balance for some
   individuals.

8
Synesthesia as Romantic ideal
In Vladimir Nabokovs novel, The Gift, the main
character Fyodor is a gifted young poet who
experiences synesthesia.
Fyodor perceives a sublime beauty in letters and
sounds, which he shares with others through
poetic description. In writing about synesthesia,
Nabokov was likely drawing on his own synesthetic
experiences, which he details in his
autobiography.
9
Synesthesia as pathology
Certain types of synesthetic experience can also
be induced by brain injuries.
In the novel, The Whole World Over by Julia
Glass, the character Saga experiences words as
having color after she has an accident that
causes a head trauma.
10
Synesthesia as Romantic pathology
This category of synesthesia combines the
previous two the characters synesthesia is
portrayed as pathology but, allowinga
"glorious" pathology him/her to perceive more
sublime levels of reality.
In Holly Paynes novel, The Sounds of Blue, the
character, Milan, a composer, perceives music as
having beautiful color, but his synesthetic
experience indicates an oncoming epileptic
seizure.
11
Synesthesia as health and balance for some
individuals
In Wendy Masss childrens novel, A Mango-Shaped
Space, the 13-year-old character, Mia loses her
synesthesia after her beloved cat dies, but
regains it after she works through the trauma.
In this category of novel the ability to perceive
synesthetically represents health and balance for
the particular character.
12
PAINTERS-SYNAESTHETICS
13
Umberto Boccioni (19 October 1882 17 August
1916)
Italian painter, sculptor, and theorist of the
futurist movement
14
Umberto Boccioni
Statements "We go all the way back to the first
universal sensation that our spirit can already
perceive thanks to the extremely intense
synthesis of all the senses in a universal whole
which will make us return through and beyond our
millennial complexity, to primordial
simplicity." "It is achieved through the
intuitive search for the one single form which
produces continuity in space."
Unique Forms of Continuity in Space 1913 (Bronze)
15
Edvard Munch (December 12, 1863 January
23, 1944)
Norwegian Symbolist painter, printmaker, and an
important forerunner of expressionistic art
16
The Scream 1893 (one of the several versions)
Statements "Nature is not only all that is
visible to the eye it also includes the inner
pictures of the soul." "At different moments you
see with different eyes. You see differently in
the morning than you do in the evening. In
addition, how you see is also dependent on your
emotional state. Because of this, a motif can be
seen in many different ways, and this is what
makes art interesting."
17
Paul Klee (18 December 1879 29 June 1940)
Swiss-born painter and graphic artist
18
'Abstract Trio' 1923, Watercolor and transferred
printing ink on paper
Statements "Color possesses me... forever, I
know. Color and I are one. I am a painter." "A
line is a dot that goes for a walk." "I paint so
that I may not cry."
19
SYNAESTHESIA IN MUSIC
20

• Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin

He is a Russian composer and pianist who
developed a highly lyrical and idiosyncratic
tonal language. Many of Scriabin's works are
written for the piano.
Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin
While Scriabin wrote only a small number of
orchestral works, they are among his most famous,
and some are frequently performed. They include
three symphonies, a piano concerto , The Poem of
Ecstasy and Prometheus The Poem of Fire.
The Moscow Conservatory where Scriabin studied
21
Influence of colour
Scriabin associated sounds with colours. In
Prometheus The Poem of Fire (1910), which
includes a part for a "clavier à lumières", also
known as the Luce (Italian for "Light"), which
was a colour organ designed specifically for the
performance of Scriabin's symphony.
Scriabin's keyboard (Colours described by
Scriabin.)
But some researchers doubt that Alexander
Scriabin actually experienced synaesthesia. His
colour system, unlike most synesthetic
experience, lines up with the circle of fifths
it was a thought-out system.
Poem of Fire
Keys arranged in a circle of fifths in order to
show the spectral relationship.
22
Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov
Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov was a Russian
composer, and a member of the group of composers
known as "The Five." He is particularly noted for
a predilection for folk and fairy-tale subjects,
and for his extraordinary skill in orchestration.
Rimsky-Korsakov had synesthesia. In the case of
Rimsky-Korsakov, he perceived colors associated
with major keys, as follows
Tonic note C D E flat E F G A
Color white yellow dark bluish sparkling sapphire green gold rosy colored

Portrait of Rimsky-Korsakov by Ilya Repin
23
Compositions
Rimsky-Korsakov was a prolific composer. While
Rimsky-Korsakov is best known for in the West for
his orchestral works, his operas far outweigh
them in importance, offering a far wider variety
of orchestral effect as well as his finest vocal
writing. Subjects range from historical
melodramas (The Tsar's Bride) to folk operas (May
Night) to fairytales and legends (Snowmaiden,
Kashchey the Immortal and The Tale of Tsar
Saltan).
The Flight of the Bumblebee
The young prince and princess
Rimsky-Korsakov for the work ( portrait by Serov
V.)
24
SYNAESTHESIA IN POETRY
25
Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (23 April 1899,
Saint Petersburg 2 July 1977, Montreux) was a
multilingual Russian-American novelist and short
story writer. Nabokov wrote his first nine novels
in Russian, then rose to international prominence
as a master English prose stylist.
26
Nabokov's synesthesia

• Nabokov was a synesthete and described aspects
  of synesthesia in several of his works. In his
  memoir Speak, Memory, he notes that his wife also
  exhibited synesthesia like her husband, her
  mind's eye associated colors with particular
  letters.

27
To my youth
28
Arthur Rimbaud

• Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud (20 October 1854 10
  November 1891) was a French poet, born in
  Charleville. As part of the decadent movement,
  his influence on modern literature, music and art
  has been enduring and pervasive. The prodigy
  Arthur Rimbaud wrote all of his poetry in a space
  of less than five years. His poem "Voyelles"
  invoked synesthesia, marking him as a founder of
  French symbolism.

29
Rimbaud's synesthesia

• Arthur Rimbaud stated that he did not only hear
  people's voices but also did see them colourful
  geometric shapes - squares, triangles, circles
  and ovals - came out of mouths of his
  interlocutors.

30
Charles Pierre Baudelaire

• Charles Pierre Baudelaire (9 April 1821 - 31
  August 1867) was a nineteenth century French
  poet, critic and translator. A controversial
  figure in his lifetime, Baudelaire's name has
  become a byword for literary and artistic
  decadence. At the same time his works, in
  particular his book of poetry Les Fleurs du mal
  (The Flowers of Evil), have been acknowledged as
  classics of French literature.

31
Baudelaire's synesthesia

• Correspondences
• Like long echoes that intermingle from afar
• In a dark and profound unity,
• Vast like the night and like the light,
• The perfumes, the colors and the sounds respond.

32
Are synesthetes people of the future?
Indeed, synesthetes are in some sense, people of
the future. Some features of human evolution can
be deduced from 'synesthesia-phenomena' directed
studies. Also 'intuition' appears mostly in a
synesthetic form. To apprehend reality as fully
as we can, we need to experience it in as many
forms as possible, and synesthetes have in some
sense a richer experience of reality than other
people a people in general," says
neuroscientist Dr. Ramachandran, "artists often
have the ability to link unconnected domains,
have the power of metaphor and the capability of
blending realities," he says. Several questions
are still waiting for an answer "what is the
difference between synesthete and non-synesthete
brains?", "can synesthesia be learned or
cultivated?" and "will it ever be 'genetically'
possible, to become a synesthete?"
33
THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!