History of judo.

1
History of judo.

• The origin of Judo must
• centuries-old tradition of military
• arts, and formed
• developed in the various schools of jujitsu
  medieval Japan. End of XIX century
• marked the beginning of the era in Japan
• dramatic changes. Spirit of the West began to
  penetrate into the daily life of ordinary
  Japanese. The stage of history came a generation
  interested in what is new and modern. Was dying
  samurai tradition. Under threat ancient martial
  art that is held by representatives of the
  samurai clans.?
• The rapid spread of the elements of Western
  culture in Japanese society has played a role in
  the appearance of judo. The creator of this
  multifaceted system of physical education,
  connecting ideas and traditions of the samurai
  with the ideas of the Olympic sports is Jigoro
  Kano (1860-1938).

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•   By modern standards, Jigoro began to take up
  the martial arts relatively late age of 17.
• Fortunately, Jigoro Kano, initially had good
  teachers, the first of which was a master in the
  practice of struggle, and the second - in
  teaching technique.
• At school, the Tenshin-Shinyo-ryu Cano was named
  Shihan (master), and this period was his most
  rewarding. He got up very early.
• Often with the sunrise came to practice,
•       and then to classes at the university. From
  there he
•       again returned to the room to have the most
•       train the beginners group.
• Despite the intense training in
•       University, there was no case to Kano
•       missed training. In the summer of 1882, he
•       receive a diploma prepodavatelyaliteratury,
•       that at that time approaches
•       representative of the highest intellectual
  elite of Japanese society. Kano decided to
  continue their education at school peers that
  future promises a career in public service. But
  the passion of Jiu-Jitsu, which has become a
  matter of life and change his fate.

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• In February of that year, Kano with some of his
  disciples opened his own school in the temple
  Eysedzi. This was the now world famous Kodokan,
  which was then housed in four rooms. The biggest
  - the area of ??4x6 meters - taken under the
  dojo. In the first year of school there were only
  nine students. For starters, the teacher did not
  have the equipment, even the small room. Cano got
  the necessary amount for the translation from
  English of the book "A Treatise on Ethics,"
  commissioned by the Ministry of Education.  
  Opening date is identified with the Kodokan Judo
  birthday - original system of education of
  Japanese youth, created by Jigoro Kano-based
  ancient jujitsu. System of physical and moral
  perfection, performing
•        not only applied
•        function, but also
•        education and,
•        much more important,
•       educational.

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• In January 1883 the Kodokan Eysedzi left temple
  and finds a new home at a very modest place. The
  new hall could not accommodate all the mat, so
  Cano makes next to a small outhouse wall, more
  like a barn, which, although it was spacious,
  with cold and dampness can not save. A year
  later, the master himself and his students, the
  number of which has increased significantly, was
  relieved to learn about the possibility of moving
  to a new room. That same year, Cano has developed
  a code of conduct for students Kodokan. The first
  to sign it, dip the brush in his own blood,
  Tsunedziro Tomita, Saigo Haguchi, Shiro Saigo,
  Sakudziro Yokoyama and Yosiaki Yamashita.

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• The same day, Shiro Saigo and Tsunedziro Tomita,
  senior students of the school, became a black
  belt as a symbol of achieving the first master's
  degree.
• Jigoro Kano established five points vows, whose
  meaning is the following
• - Moving into the path of judo, I do not
•        give up the occupation without
•        serious grounds
• - His behavior, I promise not to demean the
  dignity dojo
• - I will never betray secrets
•        schools and only the uninitiated
•        in a pinch I will take
•        LESSONS elsewhere? - I promise not to
  give lessons without the permission of his
  master - In the course of his life I swear to
  respect the rules of the Kodokan as a student and
  teacher, if I become them.

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• At first, no one has seen or understood the
  difference between jiu-jitsu and judo. Without
  going into the essence of the ideas put forward
  by Jigoro Kano, the old masters considered him
  abstruse upstart kichivshimsya their education
  and trying to make a Western alien orders in the
  national traditions of the ancient martial art.
• Feeling threatened by the Judo, Jiu-Jitsu
  representatives announced Kano merciless war. The
  last years of the XIX century were very difficult
  to stand up judo, which was beginning to struggle
  for the right of citizenship in the new Japan,
  soon to become an integral part of the culture of
  the rising sun. Seeking recognition, students
  Kano had to prove the superiority of the new
  system in practice.

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• Today, members of the International Judo
  Federation, established in 1951, are more than
  170 countries. Regular championship and the world
  championship. Judo is included in the Olympic
  program. Holds a strong position and the women's
  judo at the origins of which stood the Jigoro
  Kano. He personally took the exam on fighting
  techniques from his future wife Sumako. They
  married in 1891. Maids in their home, in addition
  to working on the farm, both trained and girls
  who want to join the judo. Experiment begun
  visionary Kano to involve women in traditionally
  male occupations, was a success. The first
  competitions were held at the Kodokan. Now has
  its own "genius judo" and the girls. Lowest since
  1925, for three years was Hori Utaka. Noritomi
  Masako received by the Kodokan in May 1925, later
  became the author of the popular, many times the
  published book "Judo for women." Do not drop the
  honor of his father's family and the daughter of
  Jigoro Kano senior - Vatenuko Noriko, later led
  the sector in Kodokan Judo and Takadzaki Atsuko
  also dedicated her life to her father. One of the
  students of Kano Miyagawa Hisako Sakuragako
  founded his own school. All the girls were owners
  of a high-dan. In 1926, at the Kodokan was
  officially opened by the women's section. Kano
  has always actively encouraged women to join judo
  and often said, "If you want to really understand
  judo, watch trains a woman." But for a long time
  in Japan, largely to be conservative, official
  national championships for women were not
  conducted.

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• Start promoting Judo in the West was laid Kano
  September 13, 1889, when he went to Europe to
  learn the existing system where physical
  education and at the same time to share their
  ideas about judo. By that time, Judo has become
  firmly established in their homeland in the life
  of ordinary Japanese became a compulsory subject
  in the school curriculum. Schools were active
  soldiers opened branches Kodokan. Jiu Jitsu
  surpassed by the new system of martial arts. But
  the confrontation continued.

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• During the 1890 Kano visited Lyon, Paris,
  Brussels, Vienna, Berlin, Copenhagen, Stockholm,
  Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam and London.?
  European tour Kano bear fruit. Began the exchange
  of teachers and athletes, began to open branches
  abroad and Kodokan judo school in the Old World,
  and later in the U.S..? After the end of World
  War II Judo engaged in 120 countries.? The most
  active Judo began developing in France, where for
  the first time after Japan Kano demonstrated his
  technique. Remote consequences are felt to this
  day. On the mass and skill judoka France has a
  leading position in Europe. The team of France -
  one of the strongest in the world.? Returning
  home on the ship "Hikawa Maru", ill severe
  inflammation of the lungs, May 4, 1938 the grand
  master died.

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• In judo Olympic program debuted in 1964, when
  Japan was granted the right to hold XVIII Summer
  Olympics. The first Olympic champion in judo are
  Takehide Nakatani (Japan, 68 kg), Isao Okano
  (Japan, 80 kg), Anton Geesink (Holland, 80 kg)
  and Isao Inokuma (Japan, category). Olympic judo
  final status achieved in 1972 in Munich.
• In the public mind there is a misconception that
  coveted black belt is the most prestigious. In
  fact, higher skill (by and large - knowledge)
  noted a red belt. Although the Jigoro Kano at the
  end of life again put on a white belt,
  underscoring the depth and immensity of the
  secrets he had created a martial art. So far in
  Europe use the following colors, allowing to
  determine the skill level of judo, looking at his
  belt. Initially, six students' degrees are 6 kyu
  - white belt, 5 kyu - yellow, 4 kyu - orange, 3
  kyu - green, 2 kyu - blue, 1 kyu - brown.
  Followed by 10 master's degree - Dan holders are
  the first 5 dan black belt, which differ in the
  number of transverse white stripes at the end of
  the belt, 6-8 dan - red and white belt, 9-10 Dan
  - a red belt.

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• Unfortunately, the founder of judo has not lived
  up to the time when his child has become a truly
  mass sport, popular in the world of children and
  adults, boys and girls, men and women. Millions
  of people of all ages involved in judo. Judo
  unites people of different nationalities, tastes,
  beliefs. Judo versatility allows everyone here is
  that you need only to him. Much has been written
  about judo, but the final point is too early -
  the subject is inexhaustible. More than a century
  Judo attracts more and more fans.