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American Romanticism 1800

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American Romanticism 1800 1860 Feature Menu Interactive Time Line Milestone: Rise of American Romanticism Milestone: The Louisiana Purchase Milestone: Education and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: American Romanticism 1800


1
American Romanticism18001860
Feature Menu
Interactive Time Line Milestone Rise of
American Romanticism Milestone The Louisiana
Purchase Milestone Education and Reform
Milestone Transcendental Influence Milestone
The Gold Rush Milestone The Slavery
Issue What Have You Learned?
2
American Romanticism18001860
Choose a link on the time line to go to a
milestone.
1800 Rise of American Romanticism
1830s1850s Transcendental Influence
18501859 The Slavery Issue
1860
1820
1800
1840
1826 Lyceum Movement
1803 The Louisiana Purchase
1849 The Gold Rush
3
Rise of American Romanticism
Reaction Against Rationalism
  • Cities filled with poor living conditions and
    disease
  • Value placed on nature and exotic settings
  • Characteristic Romantic journey to the
    countryside, away from city

4
Rise of American Romanticism
Romantic Escapism
  • Valued feelings and intuition over reason
  • Found beauty in exotic locales and supernatural
  • Poetry highest expression of imagination

5
Rise of American Romanticism
Fireside Poets
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
John Greenleaf Whittier
  • Wrote about American settings and subject matter
    using traditional styles and forms
  • Very popularfamilies read their poems at family
    firesides for entertainment

Oliver Wendell Holmes
James Russell Lowell
6
Rise of American Romanticism
Romantic Heroes
  • Frontier life idealized in novels
  • Typical Romantic hero youthful, innocent
    intuitive, close to nature
  • James Fenimore Coopers Natty Bumppo is the first
    American heroic figure

7
The Louisiana Purchase
Westward Expansion
The United States
  • gained all land between Mississippi River and
    Rocky Mountains
  • paid about four cents an acre for the land
  • immediately doubled in size

Louisiana Purchase
Oh Susanna! Polka
8
The Louisiana Purchase
Westward Expansion
  • Louisiana purchase launched 100 years of westward
    expansion.
  • President Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark to
    explore western territory.
  • More people moved into frontier areas.

9
Education and Reform
The Lyceum Movement
  • Original Lyceum founded in Greece in 335 B.C.
  • American movement founded in Massachusetts
  • Sought to teach adults, train teachers, and
    institute social reforms

10
Education and Reform
The Lyceum Movement
  • People went to lyceums for lectures.
  • Ralph Waldo Emerson was one of the most popular
    speakers.
  • Lyceums led to new ways of thinking and the
    establishment of museums and libraries.

Emerson lecturing in Concord, Massachusetts
11
Education and Reform
Other Reform Movements
  • Dorothea Dix worked to help mentally ill people.
  • Horace Mann worked to improve public education.

Dorothea Dix
Horace Mann
  • Abolitionists worked to end slavery.
  • Feminists campaigned for womens rights

12
Transcendental Influence
True Reality Is Spiritual
  • Everything, including humans, is a reflection of
    Divine Soul.
  • Physical facts of natural world are a doorway to
    spiritual world.
  • Intuition allows people to behold Gods spirit
    revealed in nature or in their own souls.
  • Spontaneous feelings are superior to
    intellectualism and rationality.

13
Transcendental Influence
Ralph Waldo Emerson
  • Combined beliefs from Europe and Asia with
    Puritan, revival, and Romantic traditions
  • Published important essays such as
    Self-Reliance and The Over-Soul
  • Had an extremely optimistic view of the world and
    nature
  • Optimism appealed to people living in period of
    economic downturn, strife, and conflict

14
Transcendental Influence
Dark Romantics
  • Shared many beliefs with the Transcendentalists
  • Explored conflict between good and evil and the
    effects of guilt and sin

Edgar Allan Poe
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Herman Melville
15
The Gold Rush
The Rush West
  • Gold was discovered in Sutters Mill, California.
  • Tens of thousands traveled west, hoping for
    wealth.
  • New towns and cities were founded along routes to
    California and near mining sites.

16
The Gold Rush
New Frontiers
  • Journey to California long and dangerous
  • Led to new settlements along the land route and
    west coast
  • Led to building of the transcontinental railroad

17
The Slavery Issue
A Nation Divided
  • Missouri Compromise barred slavery west of
    Missouri.
  • Compromise was overturned by Kansas-Nebraska Act,
    which
  • opened territories to slavery
  • led to violence in Kansas and to the founding of
    the antislavery Republican Party

18
The Slavery Issue
A Nation Divided
  • Dred Scott decision denied Congress right to
    prohibit slavery in territories.

Dred Scott
  • John Browns raid at Harpers Ferry led to more
    violence.

Burning of Harpers Ferry
John Brown
19
What Have You Learned?
Indicate whether the following statements refer
to the time before, during, or after the Gold
Rush.
______ Novelists popularize the American
Romantic hero. ______ Western New York
represents frontier of the country. ______ The
first transcontinental railroad is built. ______
Education reform begins in Massachusetts.
during
before
after
before
20
The End
21
Viewing the Art
Indian Pass Thomas Cole (18011848) was a leader
in the school of American landscape painting that
looked to untamed nature as its subject.
Activity What attitudes toward nature are
suggested by this painting?
22
In this painting of the Adirondack Mountains,
Cole erases all signs of white settlement and
depicts an American Indian as the lone
inhabitant.
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