Caring in Nursing

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Caring in Nursing
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Caring is Universal

• Influences the way people think, feel and act
• Many nursing theorists have tired to define
  caring Nightingale was first
• Caring is the heart of nursing

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Benner (Holistic Theory)

• Equates excellent nursing practice with CARING
• People, events, projects (things) have importance
• Caring means connectedness or involvement
• Caring helps patients understand and adjust to
  illness

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Benner, cont.

• Defines health as a state of being
• Individualized by ones
• Values
• Personality
• Lifestyle
• Treatment for illness is worthless if not applied
  to the individual

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Leininger (Transcultural)

• Caring is the essence of Nursing it is a
  distinguishing characteristic
• Purpose of care is to assist the individual
  toward improvement in condition
• Caring is
• Nurturing
• Dependent on needs of individual
• Must reflect the patients own culture

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Watson (Transpersonal)

• Holistic
• Patient, family, environment
• Nurses exhibit conscious decision to care
• This helps patient toward healing and wholeness
• Focus in on cAre, not cUre
• cAring inner healing health
• Nurse patient affected by relationship

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Swanson

• Caring is has 5 dimensions
• Knowing
• Being with
• Doing for
• Enabling
• Maintaing belief
• Caring is central to nursing
• Theory can be applied to clinical setting

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Caring is Relational

• Patients value nurse Effectiveness
• Ability to perform tasks
• Also value nurse Affect
• Attitude or demeanor while performing the tasks
• Patients are more willing to participate if they
  sense that they are cared about

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Ethic of Care

• Protects human dignity
• Often perceived as a moral imperative
• Requires awareness of potential unequality in
  relationships
• This due to either real or perceived power that
  patient assigns to the nurse
• Knowledge is power

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Expressions of Care

• Spiritual
• Being aware of honoring patients beliefs
• Presence
• Being there
• Physically present
• Demonstrating understanding
• Being with
• Sharing oneself

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• Touch
• Skin-to-skin
• Eye contact (nonverbal)
• Protective to prevent injury
• Listening
• Taking in patient information
• Interpreting what has been taken in

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• Knowing
• Understanding the client
• Understanding the planned interventions
• Avoid making assumptions
• Focuses on client