Impressionism 1860-1886

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Impressionism1860-1886
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Impressionism

• Rejected Renaissance perspective, balance,
  idealization
• Present an impression or perception
• Painted nature outdoors
• Hated academic instruction
• Critics hated this work
• Distinct short, choppy brushstrokes
• Up-close, picture is unrecognizable

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Edouard Manet

• Called the Father of Modern Art
• Didnt consider himself an impressionist
• Copied Renaissance and Baroque masters
• Luncheon on the Grass
• Disliked because nude was not ideal
• Triangular
• Goddess like figure in background
• Still life in foreground

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Olympia
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Claude Monet

• Lightcolor
• Lived in poverty
• Obsessed with painting outside
• Painted small dabs of color
• Used complimentary colors to shade
• Never shaded in black

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Rouen Cathedral, the West Portal and Saint-Romain
Tower, Full Sunlight, Harmony in Blue and Gold
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The Artist's Garden at Vetheuil
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The Thames at Westminster
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Pierre-Auguste Renoir

• Never used black
• Cut people off at edges of canvas
• Strayed from Impressionism towards classicism
• Arthritis painted with brush strapped to wrist
• Painted happy things
• Beautiful women, flowers, children, landscapes
• Le Moulin de la Galette

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SeatedBather
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Monet painting in his garden at Argenteuil
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Edgar Degas

• Reluctant impressionist
• Hated painting outdoors
• Subjects ballerinas, racetracks, circuses,
  cafes, nudes bathing
• Spontaneous/not posed
• Main character off center
• Went blind and turned to sculpture

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The Rehearsal
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PrimaBallerina
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Woman Combing Her Hair
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The Little 14-Year-Old Dancer
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Expressionism1880-1905

• Used a lot of Impressionist ideal
• Rainbow bright color patches
• Distorted forms in a controlled space
• No use of traditional perspective
• Disliked Impressionism
• Wanted art to be more substantial
• Not dedicated to a passing moment

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Georges Seurat

• Meticulous man
• Finished only 7 large paintings
• Died at age 31
• Method know as pointillism
• Confetti-sized dots of pure, unmixed color
• Supposed to fuse together like a mosaic

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La Cirque
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A Sunday on La Grande Jatte
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Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

• Subjects from contemporary life (theaters, dance
  halls, circuses)
• Landscape is only a background
• Childhood accident left him deformed
• Lived in a brothel for a while
• Created lithography
• Posters became accepted as art

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LithographMoulin Rouge
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Rue de Moulin,The Medical Inspection
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Paul Cezanne

• Started out with the Impressionists
• They did not accept him and critics hated him
• Used geometry in paintings
• Very symmetrical
• The culmination of art is figure painting
• Would not work from models
• Combines real and abstract

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Apples, Peaches, Pears and Grapes
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Large Bathers
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Vincent van Gogh

• Adopted the brushstroke of the Impressionist
• Hero/friend was painter Paul Gauguin
• Mentally imbalanced
• Sold one painting during his life
• Unlucky in love
• Cut off ear lobe and gave it to a prostitute
• Painted Starry Night in an asylum
• Committed suicide
• Who would believe that life could be so sad?

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Portrait of Dr. Gachet
In 1990, sold for 82.5 million.
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Wheat Field Under Threatening Skies
This was his final piece.
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Van Gogh Painting SunflowersPaul Gauguin
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Would van Gogh be as famous as he is had he not
committed suicide?

• Did his troubled life help him create artistic
  masterpieces?