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OSHA The Essentials of WORKPLACE SAFETY

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Title: OSHA The Essentials of WORKPLACE SAFETY


1
OSHAThe Essentials of WORKPLACE SAFETY
  • Goodwill Industries of San Antonio
  • GILPS 2008
  • Towanna G. Bazile, MBA -Director of Risk
    Management

2
Topics
  • OSHA,NISH, DARS, CARF Standards
  • Bloodborne Pathogens
  • Personal Protective Equipment
  • Hazardous Chemical Communication
  • Control of Hazardous Energy
  • Emergency Action Plan
  • Training Requirements
  • Inspections
  • Injury-Incident Reporting

3
What is OSHA?
  • The Occupational Safety and Health Administration
    (OSHA) is the inspection and enforcement agency
    for occupational safety and health, and is a part
    of the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL).

4
OSHA Act?
  • In 1970 President Richard Nixon, created the
    Occupational Safety and Health Act, which created
    OSHA as an inspection and enforcement agency for
    worker safety in the United States.

5
Why was OSHA created?
  • As a result to the federal government's concern
    for worker safety due to injury and death.
  • To assure, as possible, safe and healthful work
    conditions for every working man and woman in the
    nation and to preserve our human resources.

6
Who is covered by OSHA?
  • The Act extends to all employers and employees in
    all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto
    Rico and all other territories under federal
    government jurisdiction.

7
Employer/Employee Relationship
  • Employer as defined by OSHA Any person in a
    business affecting commerce who has one or more
    employees, paid or unpaid.
  • Employee as defined by OSHA Anyone who works
    on behalf of an employer, whether paid or unpaid.
  • Employer-employee relationship as defined by
    OSHA The employer is determined more by who
    supervises the work than who pays the employee.

8
Multi-Employer Work Sites and Contractors
  • Who is responsible?
  • The employer who exposes workers to hazard.
  • The employer who actually created the hazards.

9
Multi-Employer Work Sites and ContractorsWho is
responsible for Safety?
  • The employer who was responsible, by contract or
    through actual practice, for safety and health
    conditions on the work site, i.e., the employer
    who had the authority for ensuring that the
    hazardous condition is corrected (controlling).
  • The employer who had the responsibility for
    actually correcting the hazard (correcting).

10
OSHA StandardsWhere are they found?
  • The Federal Register is published for Congress
    and carries proposed and final drafts of
    legislation.
  • Each year the Government Printing Office compiles
    all new and modified legislation and assembles
    existing laws into a guide book called the Code
    of Federal Regulations (CFR).

11
OSHA StandardsWhere are they found?
  • The U.S Department of Labor occupies Title 29 of
    the Code of Federal Regulations or 29CFR.
  • OSHA is found in 29 CFR in Parts 1900-1999.
  • OSHA Standards are divided into five categories.

12
CFR 1910General Industry Standard
  • Applies to Goodwill and nearly all industries.
  • CFR 1910 Section 5, (a)(1) General Duty Clause
    states
  • Every employer shall furnish to each of his
    employees, employment and a place of employment
    which is free from recognized hazards that are
    causing or are likely to cause death or serious
    physical harm to his employees

13
General Duty Clause Cont.
  • Section 5(b) of The General Duty Clause further
    mandates all employers shall comply with the
    occupational safety and health standards.
  • OSHA can issue citations and penalize employers
    who fail to provide a safe and healthful
    workplace for its employees.

14

Compliance-Written Safety PlansAre you
compliant?
  • Blood borne Pathogens-1910.1030
  • Personal Protective Equipment-1910.132
  • Hazard Communication-1910.1200
  • Control of Hazardous Energy-1910.147
  • Emergency Action Plan-1910.38(a)
  • Fire Prevention Plan-1910.38 (b)
  • Periodic Inspections (Required for all standards)
  • Injury-Incident Reporting-CFR 1904

15
OSHA Standards alignment to NISH, CARF and DARS
Standards
  • NISH, CARF and DARS provide accrediadation for
    employers who hire those with barriers to
    employment.
  • NISH, CARF and DARS standards align with OSHA
    Standards. How?
  • All require employers to establish health and
    safety programs, provide training and periodic
    assessment.
  • Emergency plans, facility safety inspections,
    bloodborne pathogen plan, MSDS, OSHA 300 Logs,
    building occupancy and local fire code compliance
    are some of the requirements Goodwill must meet
    to receive accreditation from these agencies.

16
Bloodborne Pathogens Plan
17
Definition
  • Bloodborne Pathogens pathogenic microorganisms
    that are present in human blood and can cause
    disease in humans. These pathogens include, but
    are not limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and
    human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

  • OSHA 29CFR 1910.1030(b)

18
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard 29CFR 1910.1030
  • Purpose To limit exposure to blood and other
    potentially infectious materials, (Hepatitis B,
    C, HIV) that could lead to disease or death.
  • Scope Covers all employees who could be
    reasonably anticipated as the result of
    performing their job duties, to face contact with
    blood and other potentially infectious materials.
  • Employees should be trained initially on
    employment and annually when changes occur.

19
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
20
Personal Protective Equipment29 CFR 1910.132
  • Purpose To provide employees with knowledge of
    the proper use and care of personal protective
    equipment.
  • PPE is used for protection of the eyes, face,
    head and extremities, to include protective
    clothing, respiratory devices, protective shields
    and barriers.

21
Hazard Assessment and PPE
  • Hazard Assessment The employer shall assess the
    workplace to determine if hazards are present, or
    are likely to be present, which necessitate the
    use for personal protective equipment.

22
Hazard Assessment and PPE
  • If such hazards are present or are likely to be
    present, the employer shall select and have each
    affected employee use the types of PPE that will
    protect the employee from the hazards identified,
    communicate selection decisions, and select PPE
    that properly fits each affected employee.
  • The employer shall verify the required workplace
    assessment has been performed.

23
Personal Protective Equipment General
Requirements
  • PPE shall be provided, used and maintained in a
    sanitary and reliable condition whenever it is
    necessary.
  • Employee-owned equipment Where employees provide
    their own protective equipment , the employer
    shall be responsible to assure its adequacy,
    including proper maintenance and sanitation.
  • Design All PPE shall be of safe design and
    construction for the work to be performed.
  • Defective and damaged PPE shall not be used.

24
Personal Protective EquipmentTraining
  • Prior to use, the employer shall provide training
    to each employee who is required to use PPE.
  • Training should include
  • When PPE is necessary
  • What PPE is necessary
  • How to properly wear and adjust PPE
  • The limitations of the PPE, and proper care,
    maintenance, and useful life
  • Disposal of the PPE

25
Personal Protective EquipmentTraining Continued
  • The employer shall also demonstrate proper
    knowledge of the use and care of the PPE after
    training or retraining is required.
  • The employer shall verify that each affected
    employee received and understood the required
    training through written certification.

26
PPE Re-Training Guidelines
  • Re-training shall occur when changes in the
    workplace render previous training obsolete.
  • Changes in types of PPE to be used render
    previous training obsolete.
  • Inadequacies in an affected employees knowledge
    or use of the assigned PPE.

27
Hazardous Communications
28
Hazard Communication Standard29 CFR 1910.1200
  • Purpose Chemical safety instructions shall be
    provided to each employee who may be exposed to
    hazardous chemicals when working with hazardous
    chemicals.
  • This standard though 20 years old, still results
    in the greatest number of state and federal
    citations and fines. Today failure to comply is a
    willful violation.

29
(HazCom) Plan Elements
  • The Five Principle Components of the Chemical
  • Hazard (HazCom) Standard
  • A Chemical Inventory List
  • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) on all
    chemicals used, current and previous.
  • Labeling Process-Hazard warning on all chemicals.
  • Written Plan
  • Training-Conducted prior to initial assignment
    and whenever the hazard changes.

30
Hazardous Energy
31
Control of Hazardous EnergyLockout/Tagout 29 CFR
1910.147
  • Purpose To control the unexpected energization
    of machines and equipment, or release of stored
    energy, in order to prevent workplace injuries
    during service and maintenance.
  • This standards also includes chemical, steam, air
    and hydraulic.

32
Controlling Hazardous Energy
  • Locks are used to lockout electrical devices.
    (Electrical panels, circuit breakers, etc).
  • Round Doughnut locks are also used for other
    sources of energy.
  • Tags are used to lock out non-electrical devices.
    (The tags are red black and white in color).

33
Who must comply?
  • All employees however authorized employees are
    the only individuals approved to use isolating
    devices such as locks and tags. These individuals
    shall receive training on recognition and
    controlling of hazardous energy sources.
  • Affected employees shall be instructed in the
    purpose and use of the energy control devices and
    procedures used to control stored energy.

34
Lockout/Tagout
35
Lockout/Tagout Training
  • Training is conducted upon hire, and prior to
    initial job assignment.
  • Whenever there is a change in machines,
    equipment or processes that present a new hazard,
    or there is a change in the energy control
    procedures.

36
Lockout/Tagout Training
  • When periodic inspections reveal or whenever the
    employer has a reason to believe there are
    deviations from or inadequacies in the employees
    knowledge or use of the energy control
    procedures.
  • The employer shall certify the employee training
    has been accomplished and being kept up-to date.

37
Emergency Action Plan(Preparedness)
38
Emergency Action Plan29CFR 1910.38
  • An employer must have an Emergency Action Plan.
  • The plan must be in writing, kept in the
    workplace, and available to employees for review.
  • Employees must be trained on use of the plan.

39
Emergency Plan Elements
  • Procedures for reporting the emergency.
  • Procedures for emergency evacuation, type of
    evacuation and exit routes.
  • Procedures to be followed by employees who remain
    to operate critical operations before they
    evacuate. (Safety Ambassadors and key members of
    management).
  • Procedures to account for all employees after the
    evacuation.

40
Emergency Plan Elements
  • Procedures to be followed by employees performing
    rescue or medical duties.
  • An employee alarm system that includes a
    distinctive signal.
  • The name or job title of the person every
    employee may contact to obtain additional
    information about the plan or an explanation of
    their duties under the plan.

41
Emergency Plan Elements
  • An employer must designate and train employees to
    assist in a safe and orderly evacuation of other
    employees. This includes training on fire
    prevention techniques, such as recognizing
    electrical hazards, use of extinguisher, etc.
    (Fire Prevention 29 CFR 1910.38)

42
Emergency Plan Elements
  • An employer must review the emergency action plan
    with each employee covered by the plan upon
    initial assignment, when the employees
    responsibilities under the plan change and when
    the plan is changed.

43
Facility Safety Inspections
44
Facility Inspections
  • Each employer shall conduct periodic inspections
    and review each plan at least annually to ensure
    the procedure and requirements of each standard
    are being followed.
  • Each employer shall certify inspections and
    written plan reviews have been conducted.
  • Each employer shall have measures in place for
    employees to report hazards.

45
Incident Reporting
  • All incidents and injuries shall be documented,
    reported and investigated immediately.
  • Injuries resulting in restricted duty or lost
    days shall be reported and posted annually on
    OSHA Summary of Work Related Injuries and Illness
    Log within each facility.

46
OSHA, CARF, NISH, DARS Inspection Process
  • Opening Conference Reason/scope of inspection.
  • Inspection Physical inspection, review of
    training records, written programs, postings and
    record keeping procedures.
  • Closing Conference Discussion of inspection
    findings.

47
OSHA Citations
  • The OSHA compliance officer will submit a report
    of findings to the OSHA area director.
  • A certified letter mailed detailing alleged
    violations and the penalties assessed.
  • Penalties range from 1,000-70,000 per
    violation.
  • CARF, NISH, DARS do not assess fines however
    accreditation may not be granted.

48
OSHA Posting Requirements
  • The employer must post a copy of the citation at
    or near the location(s) in which the violation(s)
    occurred. It must remain posted for three
    workdays or until corrective action has been
    completed.

49
Petition/Informal Conference
  • An employer may file a petition for modification
    of abatement or correct the condition by the date
    set in the OSHA Notice.
  • An employer may also request an informal
    conference with the OSHA area director within 15
    work days from the time the citation was
    received.

50
OSHAs 10 Top Violations

OSHA Compliance Assistance osha.gov
  • 1. Scaffolding (1926.451)
  • 2. Fall Protection (1926.501)
  • 3. Hazard Communication (1910.1200)
  • 4. Lock-out Tag-out (1910.147)
  • 5. Respiratory Protection (1910.134)

51
OSHAs 10 Top Violations
OSHA Compliance Assistance osha.gov
  • 6. Industrial Lift Trucks (1910.178)
  • 7. Electrical Wiring (1910.303)
  • 8. Ladders (1926.1053)
  • 9. Machines General (1910.212)
  • 10. Electrical General (1910.303)

52
Best Practices
  • Toll Free
  • Network Hotline
  • Safety Ambassadors and Safety Trainers
  • Safety is EVERYONES responsibility!
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