Four Years Out: Differences in Postschool Experiences of Youth With Disabilities Who Did and Did Not

1
Four Years Out Differences in Postschool
Experiences of Youth With Disabilities Who Did
and Did Not Complete High School
Findings from the National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Mary Wagner, Ph.D.SRI
International Secondary Transition State
Planning Institute Building for the
Future Charlotte, North Carolina May 7-9, 2008
2
NLTS2 Overview
NLTS2 has been funded with federal funds from the
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, under contract number
ED-01-CO-0003. The content of this publication
does not necessarily reflect the view or policies
of the U.S. Department of Education, nor does
mention of trade names, commercial products, or
organizations imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
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Data Sources

• Parent telephone interviews
• Youth telephone interviews/survey
• NLTS2 Wave 3, 2005
• Responses for youth who have been out of high
  school up to 4 years (n approximately 2,390)
• Ages 17 through 21

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Todays Agenda

• Review outcomes of youth with disabilities out of
  high school up to 4 years regarding
• High school completion
• GED/high school equivalence
• Postsecondary education
• Employment
• Community participation
• Youth risk behaviors
• Living arrangements and family formation
• Identify variations in outcomes associated with
  school-completion status

5
High School Completion by Youth with Disabilities
Did not complete high school
20
Completed high school
80
NOTE High school completers are those who
received a high school diploma or certificate of
completion. Noncompleters are those who left
high school without a diploma or certificate of
completion, including 19 percent who were
reported to have dropped out and 1 percent who
were reported to have left for other reasons
(e.g., permanent expulsion). Sources U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Special Education
Research, National Longitudinal Transition
Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and
youth interviews/survey, 2005.
6
School Completion Rate, by Disability Category
Sources U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Special Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
7
High School Equivalency Diploma or Certificate
Programs
8
Participation in High School Equivalency Diploma
or Certificate Programs byYouth With
Disabilities Who LeftHigh School Without
Finishing
Sources U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Special Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
9
High School Equivalency Diploma or Certificate
Program Enrollment by Noncompleters, by
Disability Category
Sources U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Special Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
10
Postsecondary Education
11
Enrollment in Postsecondary Education Since
Leaving High School

p lt.001 comparing youth with disabilities
in 2005 and those in the general population in
2001. Sources U.S. Department of Education,
Institute of Education Sciences, National Center
for Special Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3
parent interviews and youth interviews/survey,
2005 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
(NLSY), 2001, youth survey, responses for youth
ages 17-21.
12
Postsecondary Education Enrollment by Youth With
Disabilities and in the General Populationat the
Time of Interview


p lt.001comparing youth with disabilities
and those in the general population. Sources
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY),
2001, youth survey, responses for youth ages
17-21.
13
Postsecondary School Enrollment Since Leaving
High School of Youth with Disabilities, by High
School Leaving Status



p lt .001comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Sources U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Special Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2)
Wave 3 parent interviews and youth
interviews/survey, 2005.
14
Postsecondary School Enrollment Since Leaving
High School, by Disability Category
Sources U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Special Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
15
Full-Time Attendance at Postsecondary Schools by
Youth With Disabilities, by School-Completion
Status

Percent
p lt .001comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Note Refers to current or most
recent emrollment in postsecondary
school. Sources U.S. Department of Education,
Institute of Education Sciences, National Center
for Special Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3
parent interviews and youth interviews/survey,
2005.
16
Primary Focus of Courses at 2-Year Colleges by
Youth With Disabilities, by School-Completion
Status
Note Refers to current or most recent enrollment
in postsecondary school. Sources U.S. Department
of Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Special Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2)
Wave 3 parent interviews and youth
interviews/survey, 2005.
17
Disclosure of Disability by Youth With
Disabilities in Postsecondary School, by
School-Completion Status
Note Refers to current or most recent enrollment
in postsecondary school. Sources U.S. Department
of Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Special Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2)
Wave 3 parent interviews and youth
interviews/survey, 2005.
18
Employment
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Employment of Youth With Disabilities and Youth
in the General Population
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005
National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY),
2001, youth survey, responses for youth ages
17-21.
20
Employment of Youth With Disabilities, by School
Completion Status
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
21
Employment Since High School of Youth Out of High
School 1 to 4 Years, by Disability Category
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
22
Hours Worked by Youth With Disabilities Out of
High School 1 to 4 Years, by School-Completion
Status
Hours per week
Note Refers to current or most recent job. U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Special Education
Research, National Longitudinal Transition
Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and
youth interviews/survey, 2005.
23
Wages of Youth With Disabilities Out of High
School 1 to 4 Years, by School-Completion Status
Percentage of youth earning hourly wage of
Percent
Note Refers to current or most recent job. U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Special Education
Research, National Longitudinal Transition
Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and
youth interviews/survey, 2005.
24
Job Accommodations for Youth With Disabilities
Out of High School 1 to 4 Years, by
School-Completion Status
Percentage of youth who report
Percent
Note Refers to current or most recent job. U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Special Education
Research, National Longitudinal Transition
Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent interviews and
youth interviews/survey, 2005.
25
Youth with Disabilities Ever Fired from a Job, by
School-Completion Status
Percent
U.S. Department of Education, Institute of
Education Sciences, National Center for Special
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3 parent
interviews and youth interviews/survey, 2005.
26
Engagement in Employment, Postsecondary
Education, and Job Training
27
Engagement of Youth With Disabilities in
Employment or Postsecondary Education Since
Leaving High School, by School-Completion Status

p lt .05 comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. U.S. Department of Education,
Institute of Education Sciences, National Center
for Special Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2) Wave 3
parent interviews and youth interviews/survey,
2005.
28
Engagement of Youth With Disabilities in
Employment or Postsecondary Education Since
Leaving High School, by Disability Category
Source U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent
interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.
29
Positive and Negative Community Participation
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Community Participation of Youth with
Disabilities, by School-Completion Status
In the past 12 months



Youth is

p lt .05, p lt .01, p lt .001comparing high
school completers and noncompleters. Source U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2),
Wave 3 parent interview and youth
interview/survey, 2005.
31
Participation in Community-Based Organized Group
Activities in the Past 12 Months, by Disability
Category
Source U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent
interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.
32
Criminal Justice System Involvement of Youth with
Disabilities, by School-Completion Status
Youth has ever




p lt .01, p lt .001comparing high school
completers and noncompleters. Source U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2),
Wave 3 parent interview and youth
interview/survey, 2005.
33
Youth Ever Arrested, by Disability Category
Source U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 parent
interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.
34
Youth Risk Behaviors
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Smoking Behavior of Youth with Disabilities, by
School-Completion Status
In the past 30 days reported smoking


Percent
p lt .01 comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
youth interview/survey, 2005.
36
Alcohol Consumption by Youth with Disabilities,
by School-Completion Status
In the past 30 days reported having at least one
drink of alcohol
Source U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth
interview/survey, 2005.
37
Drug Use by Youth with Disabilities, by
School-Completion Status
In the past 30 days reported using

p lt 05 comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
youth interview/survey, 2005.
38
Sexual Activities of Youth with Disabilities, by
School-Completion Status



p lt .05 comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
youth interview/survey, 2005.
39
Violence-Related Activities of Youth with
Disabilities, by School-Completion Status
Source U.S. Department of Education, Institute
of Education Sciences, National Center for
Education Research, National Longitudinal
Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3 youth
interview/survey, 2005.
40
Youth Who Drank Alcohol in the Past 30 Days, by
Disability Category
Note There were too few youth with
deaf-blindness to report separately. Source U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2),
Wave 3 youth interview/survey, 2005.
41
Living Arrangements and Family Formation
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Youth with Disabilities Have Ever Lived
Independently Since High School, by
School-Completion Status
Percent
Note Independently includes living alone or with
a spouse or room mate. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
parent interview and youth interview/survey,
2005.
43
Has Ever Lived Independently Since High School,
by Disability Category
Note Independently includes living alone or with
a spouse or roommate. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.
44
Marital Status and Family Formation of Youth with
Disabilities, by School-Completion Status

Percent
p lt 05 comparing high school completers and
noncompleters. Source U.S. Department of
Education, Institute of Education Sciences,
National Center for Education Research, National
Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2), Wave 3
parent interview and youth interview/survey, 2005.
45
Has Ever Had or Fathered a Child, by Disability
Category
Note There were too few youth with
deaf-blindness to report separately. Source U.S.
Department of Education, Institute of Education
Sciences, National Center for Education Research,
National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2),
Wave 3 parent interview and youth
interview/survey, 2005.
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