Changing Ways of Life Ch 13 Sec1 1920s

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Changing Ways of Life Ch 13 Sec1 1920s
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Ch 13 Sec1 Changing Ways

• How did new urban values of the 1920s clash with
  traditional rural society?
• What were some of the causes and effects of
  Prohibition?
• What main issue did the Scopes Trial address?
• Why did the KKK gain members in the early 1920s?

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Urban Vs Rural

• The 1920 census revealed more Americans lived in
  cities
• Rural America had not changed from the 19th
  century
• City dwellers argued about scientific and social
  ideas Drinking, Gambling and Casual Dating were
  accepted
• Small town life was safe, sober, hard working,
  Christian with strict morals and codes of behavior

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Prohibition

• Reformers had long since considered alcohol a
  prime cause of corruption
• Anti- Saloon League
• Womens Christian Temperance Union
• Drinking led to crime, wife and child abuse,
  accidents on the job, and other social problems
• Support for prohibition came from the South and
  the West

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Prohibition Part II

• During WWI grain was needed to make bread not
  alcohol
• In Jan. 1920 The 18th Amendment was passed making
  it illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport
  alcoholic beverages
• The Volstead Act established The Prohibition
  Bureau but it was undermanned and under funded
• 1,500 agents had to patrol 18,700 miles of
  coastline and combat stills

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Speakeasies

• Americans were tired of the sacrifices after WWI
• Speakeasies were underground hidden saloons and
  nightclubs
• One presented a card or a pass-word to get in
• Speakeasies were in penthouses, office buildings,
  rooming houses, hardware stores, and tearooms
• Middle-class and upper class men and women
  attended

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Organized Crime

• Disrespect for the law
• Bootleggers brought in illegal alcohol to the US
  ( Smugglers)
• Al Capones Chicago bootlegging empire netted
  over 60 mil a yr
• In the 1920s there were 522 gang killings
• By 1926 only 19 of Americans favored Prohibition
  (Wets VS Drys) Repealed in 1933, 21st Amd

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Fundamentalism

• Protestant Christians focused on reform
  activities and the literal interpretation of the
  bible.
• They were skeptical of science and believed the
  biblical stories to be true
• The rejected Charles Darwins Theory of Evolution
  which stated human beings evolved from apes
• They believed in Creationism which is the earth
  and humans were created in six days

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Evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson
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The Scopes Trial

• In March 1925 TN , a bible belt state passed a
  law making it a crime to teach evolution
• The ACLU stated it would defend any teacher
  willing to test the law
• John T. Scopes a young biology teacher accepted,
  taught evolution and was promptly arrested

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The Scopes Trail II

• William Jennings Bryan three time democratic
  candidate for President and devout fundamentalist
  joined the prosecution
• The ACLU hired Clarence Darrow to defend Scopes
• Darrow called Bryan to the stand and got him to
  admit the bible could be interpreted in different
  ways
• Still Scopes was found guilty and fined 100, the
  verdict was later overturned

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The Revival of the KKK

• The Klan was reorganized in Stone Mountain, GA in
  1915
• They wanted Native White Protestant Supremacy
• It was inspired by D. W. Griffins racist
  spectacle The Birth of a Nation
• Hiram Johnson took over in 1922 and mass
  advertised the Klan as heroes, membership in the
  Mid-west and the South increased

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KKKs Violence

• The Klan targeted some protestants, Catholics,
  African-Americans, Jews, and immigrants
• The Klan played on feelings of Nativism and used
  public whippings, arson and lynching to
  intimidate
• The Klan controlled the Democratic party in
  TX,OK,IN,CO,OR and others
• The Grand Dragon David C. Stephenson Manslaughter
  case discredited the KKK by 1926

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