MOBILE IP

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MOBILE IP IP MICRO-MOBILITY SUPPORT

• Presented by
• Maheshwarnath Behary
• Assisted by
• Vishwanee Raghoonundun
• Koti Choudary
• MSc Computer Networks
• Middlesex University

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OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION

• Definition of Mobile IP
• Entities Terminology
• Services supported with Mobile IP
• Drawbacks of Mobile IP
• Solution to mobile IP problems
• Cellular IP protocol
• Hawaii protocol
• Hierarchical mobile IPv6
• Conclusion
• Reference

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INTRODUCTION TO MOBILE IP

• Support the mobility of hosts while still
  remaining connected to the internet.
• Mobile IP is able to track a mobile host without
  needing to change the mobile host's long-term IP
  address.
• Proposed with the objective of supporting mobile
  users with application Layer transparency and the
  possibility of seamless roaming,
• Mobile IP has to support security as
  authentication is performed to ensure that rights
  are being protected. .

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ENTITIES AND TERMINOLOGY

• Entities involved with Mobile IP

Mobile Node (MN), Home Agent (HA),
Foreign Agent (FA), Care-of-address (COA),
Correspondent Node (CN), Home Address, Mobility
Agent, Tunnel.
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SERVICES SUPPORTED IN MOBILE IP

• Agent Discovery Newly arrived mobile nodes get
  registered to the foreign agents by either agent
  solicitation or agent advertisement.
• Registration The mobile node registers its
  care-of-address with its home agent so that the
  home agent knows where to forward its packets.
• Encapsulation The process of enclosing an IP
  datagram within another IP header which contains
  the care-of-address of the mobile node. This is
  defined as the tunnel originated from the Home
  agent to the Foreign agent.
• Decapsulation The reverse process of
  encapsulation.

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DRAWBACKS OF MOBILE IP

• Triangular routing problem due to indirect
  routing mechanism.
• The mobile IP is more suitable for
  macro-mobility, but not suitable to the
  micro-mobility as it induces high load on network
  when dealing with highly mobile users.
• Poor QoS in mobile IP is due to latency of
  handover and transmission caused by overheads in
  IP- in-IP encapsulation.
• Poor reliability due to single home agent model.

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SOLUTION TO MOBILE IP PROBLEMS

• Main target To keep the frequent updates
  generated by local changes of MN away from the
  home network and only inform the HA about major
  changes. Thus leading to the minimisation of
  traffic delay within the network.
• The above is supported by the use of
  micro-mobility protocols like Cellular IP,
  Hawaii, Hierarchical mobile IPv6.

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CELLULAR IP PROTOCOL

• Advantage
• Cellular IP is mostly self configuring and easily
  manageable.
• Disadvantages
• Poor efficiency since multiple paths used for
  packet forwarding
• Changes required from Mobile IP
• Poor security as other user can easily give
  different source address to get copy of
  information addressed to other Mobile node from
  the CIPGW.

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HANDOFF-AWARE WIRELESS ACESS INTERNET
INFRASTRUCTURE (HAWAII) PROTOCOL

• Advantages
• Routing changes are initiated by the foreign
  domains infrastructure
• Mostly transparent to mobile node
• Disadvantages
• No provisions regarding the set up of IP tunnels
• No private address is supported because of
  co-located COA

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HIERARCHICAL MOBILE IPv6 (HMIPv6)

• Advantages
• Mobile nodes can have limited location privacy
  since LCOA can be hidden
• Direct routing between the CNs sharing the same
  link is possible
• Disadvantages
• Additional infrastructure component required
  (MAP)
• Routing tables are changed based on messages
  sent by the mobile nodes. Hence these require
  strong authentication against denial of service
  attacks.

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CONCLUSION

• Centralization of security-critical
  functionality
• -this is the main security benefit of a
  firewall architecture and should be preserved
• Mutual authentication of all instances involved
• -prevent attacks using forged control messages.
• Transparency to mobile nodes and correspondent
  nodes
• -any necessary extensions of mobile IP standard
  are hidden from mobile nodes as well as
  correspondent nodes.

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References

• 1 Jochen Schiller, Mobile Communications,
  Second Edition, 2003
• 2 http//www.cse.ohio-state.edu/jain/cis788-
• 95/ftp/mobile_ip/index.htmlEntitie
  s
• 3 A. Lasebae, Mobile and Wireless Networks.
  PEARSONCustom Publishing

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END OF PRESENTATION

• THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION