Inorganic Nomenclature

1
Ionic Compound
2
Electrical Neutrality of Substances
All substances, including ionic compounds, are
electrically neutral.
Total positive charges on the cation the
total negative charge on the anion
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Writing an Ionic Formula, Given the Ions
Use the smallest possible integer number of
different ions in the substance.
4
Naming Ionic Compounds
Name of cation followed by name of anion
Requires knowledge of the following

• Charges of monoatomic ions (periodic table)

2. Names of monoatomic ion
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Common Monoatomic Ions of the Main Group-Elements
Go to Slide 45
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• Rules for naming monatomic ions
• Monatomic cations are named after the element.
  For example, Al3 is called the aluminum ion.
• If there is more than one cation of an element, a
  Roman numeral in parentheses denoting the charge
  on the ion is used. This often occurs with
  transition elements.
• The names of the monatomic anions use the stem
  name of the element followed by the suffix ide.
  For example, Br- is called the bromide ion.

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Naming Binary Compounds

• NaF -
• LiCl -
• MgO -

• Sodium Fluoride
• Lithium Chloride
• Magnesium Oxide

8
Chemical Compounds
Exceptions CO, CO2 Cyanides Carbonates
Hydrocarbons Only carbon and hydrogen
Examples
9
Examples of Organic Functional Groups
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Inorganic Nomenclature

• Write the name of the cation.
• If the anion is an element, change its ending to
  -ide if the anion is a polyatomic ion, simply
  write the name of the polyatomic ion.
• If the cation can have more than one possible
  charge, write the charge as a Roman numeral in
  parentheses.

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Inorganic Nomenclature
12
Inorganic Nomenclature
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Patterns in Oxoanion Nomenclature

• When there are two oxyanions involving the same
  element
• The one with fewer oxygens ends in -ite
• NO2- nitrite SO32- sulfite
• The one with more oxygens ends in -ate
• NO3- nitrate SO42- sulfate

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Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature

• The one with the second fewest oxygens ends in
  -ite
• ClO2- chlorite
• The one with the second most oxygens ends in -ate
• ClO3- chlorate

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Patterns in Oxyanion Nomenclature

• The one with the fewest oxygens has the prefix
  hypo- and ends in -ite
• ClO- hypochlorite
• The one with the most oxygens has the prefix per-
  and ends in -ate
• ClO4- perchlorate

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Oxoanions
Go back to 47
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Acid Nomenclature

• If the anion in the acid ends in -ide, change the
  ending to -ic acid and add the prefix hydro-
• HCl hydrochloric acid
• HBr hydrobromic acid
• HI hydroiodic acid

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Acid Nomenclature

• If the anion in the acid ends in -ite, change the
  ending to -ous acid
• HClO hypochlorous acid
• HClO2 chlorous acid

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Acid Nomenclature

• If the anion in the acid ends in -ate, change the
  ending to -ic acid
• HClO3 chloric acid
• HClO4 perchloric acid