First Responder Awareness Level Training

1
First Responder Awareness Level Training

• UNIT 1 - Preparation

2
Unit Objectives

• Identify OSHA and EPA training requirements
• Identify the role of the Awareness Level First
  Responder
• Identify the roles of the Local Emergency
  Planning Committee (LEPC) and the State Emergency
  Response Commission (SERC)

3
Hazardous Materials

• Defined in numerous ways
• U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
• U.S. Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration (OSHA)
• Simplified Definition
• Extremely Hazardous Substances

4
Hazardous Materials Incidents

• Haz-Mat incidents are unique incidents. They
  require specialized protective measures not
  normally available to first responders AND they
  demand a different operational approach!

5
Mechanisms of Harm

• T.E.A.M. C.P.R.
• Thermal Chemical
• Etiological Psychological
• Asphyxiation Radiological
• Mechanical

6
Public Safety Duty to Act

• Public safety responders have a Duty to Act.
• Your level of involvement is defined by your
  employers Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
• The actions you are expected to take should be in
  Standard Operating Procedure format.
• NEVER exceed your level of training and
  protection!

7
Awareness Level Response Goals

• Recognition
• Isolation
• Protection
• Notification

8
North American Emergency Response Guidebook

• Your tool for success.
• Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.
• Purpose
• An aid for identification of the material
  involved.
• Outlines basic initial actions.
• Recommends protective action areas.
• Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

9
Legal Mandates

• Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of
  1986 (SARA 1986).
• SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to
  develop safety regulations for responders.
• SARA Title III requires local communities and
  facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous
  materials emergencies.

10
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response
(HazWOpER)

• OSHA and EPAs safety standard which was
  developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA
  Title I, Section 126.
• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR
  311.
• Enforced in Florida by the Florida Department of
  Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and
  EPA.

11
Five Levels of Training

• First Responder Awareness Level
• First Responder Operational Level
• Hazardous Materials Technician
• Hazardous Materials Specialist
• Hazardous Materials Incident Commander

12
Operational Modes

• Awareness and Operational level responders take
  DEFENSIVE actions.
• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE
  actions.
• The Incident Commander coordinates the response
  and is ultimately responsible for safety.

13
Unit Summary

• Definition and difference
• T.E.A.M. C.P.R. lists the potential hazards
• Duty to Act
• Four roles for awareness responders R.I.P. NOT!
• Employers Emergency Response Plan
• Five levels of training
• Two operational modes

14
First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 2 - Hazard Identification

15
Unit 2 - Hazard Identification

• Unit Objectives
• - Identify the six clues to the presence of
  hazardous materials.
• - Identify the various hazard classes of
  hazardous materials.
• - Describe ways in which you can determine the
  specific identity of a hazardous material.

16
Remember your four goals!

• Recognition
• Isolation
• Protection
• Notification

17
Six Basic Clues to Recognition

• 1 - Occupancy and location
• 2 - Container shape and size
• 3 - Placards and labels
• 4 - Shipping papers/facility
• documents
• 5 - Markings and colors
• 6 - Human senses

18
Clue 1 - Occupancy and Location

• Specific occupancy or general area
• Fixed facilities
• Five modes of hazardous materials transportation
• Rail, air, marine, highway and pipeline
• Drug lab considerations

19
Clue 2 - Container Shape and Size

• Classifications
• Portable, fixed or transportation
• Pressure
• Non-pressurized, low or high pressure
• Vapor Pressure and Storage
• The higher the pressure, the greater the
  potential for catastrophic failure
• BLEVE

20
Clue 3 - Placards and Labels

• Placards and their limitations
• Not always required
• The 1000 pound rule
• Placards and labels used for transport are based
  upon DOT Hazard Class
• Nine Hazard Classes
• Subdivided into divisions
• Refer to page 11 of 1996 ERG

21
Hazard Class 1 - Explosives

• Subdivided into 6 divisions
• 1.1 - Mass explosion hazard
• 1.2 - Projectile hazard
• 1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile
• 1.4 - Minor explosion
• 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives
• 1.6 - Extremely insensitive

22
Hazard Class 2 - Gases

• Pressurized or liquified
• Compressed nitrogen and liquified petroleum gases
  (LPG) are examples
• Product and container present hazards
• Three Subdivisions
• 2.1 - Flammable gases
• 2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous
• 2.3 - Poisonous Gases

23
Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

• Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room
  temperature
• Combustible Liquids require some degree of
  pre-heating to ignite
• Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

24
Hazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

• Three subdivisions
• 4.1 - Flammable Solids
• 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible
• 4.3 - Dangerous when wet

25
Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

• Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify
  burn
• With strong fuels, oxidizers can create
  conditions which which can lead to violent
  combustion
• Many Organic Peroxides are very unstable

26
Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious
Substances

• Poisonous to human
• Can include severely irritating substances
• Tear Gas, Hydrocyanic acid, Carbon
  Tetrachloride
• Infectious Substances
• Potential to cause diseases in humans
• Anthrax, human blood and many body fluids

27
Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

• Ionizing radiation hazard
• Exposure does not always result in contamination
• Safety Rules
• Time, Distance and Shielding
• Shipped in specialized containers

28
Hazard Class 8 - Corrosives
29
Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

• ORM A - Dry Ice
• ORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercury
• ORM C - Asphalt, Battery parts
• ORM D - Consumer commodities
• ORM E - Hazardous substances and hazardous wastes

30
Pesticide Labels

• Product name
• Active ingredients
• Signal word
• Caution
• Warning
• Danger (Poison)
• Precautionary statements

31
Clue 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
32
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard
  Communication Standard and The Florida
  Right-to-Know Law
• Found at fixed facilities
• Provides a variety of information
• Emergency Response Plans (ERP)
• Emergency Action Plans (EAP)

33
Clue 5 - Markings and Colors

• Container colors are not always standardized
• UN/NA identification numbers
• NFPA 704 Diamond
• Military markings

34
(No Transcript)
35
Clue 6 - Human Senses
High
TASTE TOUCH SMELL SIGHT SOUND
RISK LEVEL
Low
36
Methods of Identification

• Once you recognize, try to identify
• Location of material name
• Shipping papers
• MSDSs (fixed facilities)
• Facility Pre-Plans
• Employees and bystanders
• If you cannot safely identify, try to classify
  the material into a hazard class

37
Unit Summary

• Goals of recognition and identification
• Recognize, Classify, Identify
• Six clues to the presence of hazardous materials
• Occupancy and location, container shape and size,
  placards and labels, shipping papers and facility
  documents, markings and colors, the human senses
• There are nine general classes of hazardous
  materials

38
First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 3 - Taking Control

39
Objectives

• Identify the procedures for initiating your
  Emergency Response Plan.
• Identify the proper procedures for implementing
  protective action distances.
• Take actions necessary to properly isolate the
  incident.

40
NA-ERG

• North American Emergency Response Guidebook
• Origin
• Goal
• Purpose Limitations

41
Steps for Proper Use of the ERG

• Recognize Identify Hazardous Materials
• Name
• Four digit ID number
• Placard description
• Look up the guide page number
• Take basic protective actions according to the
  guide page
• Initiate isolation and evacuation according to
  protective action distances

42
Basic Protective Actions

• Your approach
• Your main objectives
• Isolate
• Protect by preventing contamination
• Initiate your Emergency Response Plan (Notify)

43
Proper Guide Page Use
44
Table of Protective Action Distances
45
Protective Action Options

• Shelter in-place
• Short duration incidents
• Greater hazard to attempt to move
• Impractical to evacuate
• Evacuation
• Potential for massive fire or explosion
• Long duration incidents

46
Emergency Response Information

• Firefighting
• Definition of Haz-Mat Fire
• Defensive Vs. Offensive
• Role of the awareness responder
• Spill / Leak Control
• Not an awareness level role
• First Aid
• Remember to prevent secondary contamination

47
Summary

• ERG provides guidelines
• You can find a guide page by
• Name, ID number or placard comparison
• Basic instructions - page 1
• Two indexes
• Orange guide pages
• Green protective action pages

48
First Responder Awareness Level Training

• Unit 4 - Termination

49
Objectives

• Identify the three actions necessary for proper
  termination
• Identify the information that should be received
  by responders during onscene debriefing

50
Reasons for Termination

• Required by OSHA
• Relates important information to the responders
• Insures exposures are documented
• Insures that we improve our future responses

51
Steps to Proper Termination

• On-scene debriefing
• Incident critique
• After action analysis