AWT The future from an industry perspective

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AWT - The future from an industry perspective
Mike Ritchie
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AWT alternative to what?

• To Landfilling of (untreated) Residual Waste
• To Landfilling of Recoverable Materials

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AWT objectives

• Recover resources from residual waste
• Reduce residual waste to landfill
• Stabilise residual waste to landfill

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AWT in Australia
1994
Source Hyder Consulting
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AWT in Australia
2004
Source Hyder Consulting
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Australian AWT

• Port Macquarie Hastings Rethmann working well
• Biowise Perth SITA working well
• Port Stevens Bedminster working well
• Waste Service GRL working well
• EarthPower working well
• SITA Biowise working well
• Cairns Bedminster a few problems
• Perth Bedminster a few problems
• SWERF defunct
• Atlas Sterling Perth digester not worked
• WSN in development
• Coffs in development

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SITA Biowise
Rethmann Port Macquarie
Bedminster
Atlas
Grl
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Current activities

• AWT tenders processes
• Mindarie
• Liverpool
• Melbourne GRL preferred tenderer status
• Sydney Arrow Bio in development
• Coffs Harbour in development
• DORF standards for application of compost to land

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Industry trends are positive for AWT

• increasing waste generation
• rising landfill disposal costs
• significant need for new infrastructure
• especially CI and MSW processing
• increasing use of market based instruments
• Increasing willingness to pay

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• Most State Governments have landfill diversion
  targets
• NSW 2014 66 MSW
• 2014 63 CI
• VIC 2013 65 MSW
• 2013 80 CI
• WA 2020 100
• ACT 2010 100
• SA no date 100
• NT no target
• QLD no target
• TAS in development

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Total Waste in the Metropolitan Adelaide Area
3,500,000
CD Recycled
CD Landfilled
CI Recycled
3,000,000
CI Landfilled
MSW Recycled
MSW Landfilled
2,500,000
2,000,000
Tonnes
1,500,000
1,000,000
500,000
0
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MSW Landfill Trend in the Metropolitan Adelaide
Area
800,000
MSW Recycled
MSW Landfilled
700,000
South Australia's Waste Strategy Trendline
South Australia's Strategic Plan Trendline
Business as Usual
600,000
500,000
400,000
Tonnes
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
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Reform Agenda for Sustainable Resource Recovery
Market Based Instruments
Increased Waste Levy (ring-fenced)
Extended Producer Responsibility
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Decision of NSW Government

• NSW Current levy 22.70 payable on all waste to
  landfill
• Increase from 1 July 06 by 6 1 30/t
• 1 July 2007 7 37
• 1 July 2008 7 44
• 1 July 2009 7 51
• 1 July 2010 6 57 / tonne
• SA and WA examining levy increases

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Increasing Willingness to Pay

• Taverner Research for AWT WG
• Sample size 700
• - 3.8 error

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• Q1) There are new technologies available which
  can convert waste in the household garbage bin
  into compost or green electricity. Half of the
  waste in an average household waste bin is made
  up of food scraps and garden waste. The new
  technology allows these organic wastes to be
  composted while another converts them into a gas
  and then burns this gas to generate green
  electricity. Other material such as cardboard,
  glass and plastic can also be recycled from the
  waste bin. What do you think of this idea ?
• A bad idea
• A poor idea
• Indifferent
• A good idea
• An excellent idea
• (Dont know)

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Acceptance of the new technology
Highest among Owners of detached houses
94 30-39 year olds 49 40-49 year
olds 44 SA 56 WA 54 TAS 48
Base, n701
Highest among 18-29 year olds 64 NSW 57 VIC 63
Highest among Owners of town houses 4 40-49
year olds 4 QLD 4
MEAN RATING 4.3 out of 5
Q1
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• Q3) These technologies are a bit more expensive
  than disposing household waste to landfill (which
  is the current practice) because the waste has to
  be processed and refined.
• If such technology was available to your local
  Council and up to 70 of your waste could be
  diverted from landfill into compost or green
  energy, would you be willing or unwilling to pay
  the following weekly amount in addition to your
  regular garbage collection rates?
• 5 a week
• 2 a week
• 1 a week
• 80 cents a week
• 60 cents a week
• 40 cents a week
• 20 cents a week

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Willingness to pay additional waste collection
weekly fee (prompted)
Base, n701

Q3
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Willingness to pay additional waste collection
weekly fee by State (prompted)
Base, n701

Q3
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• Q4) How much of an increase in household garbage
  rates do you think would be acceptable to
  householders that is the amount that could be
  charged per week over and above regular charges?
• ................. per week additional to
  current garbage charge

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Additional weekly fee considered acceptable to
householders (spontaneous)
Base, n701

Q4
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Additional weekly fee considered acceptable to
householders by State (spontaneous)
Base, n701
Gaps in trend-lines occur when respondents did
not spontaneously suggest an amount in a
particular range

Q4
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• Summary - WTP
• People are willing to pay this for the right
  environmental result
• People are prepared to pay an AVERAGE premium
  1.81/wk or 94 / year

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Conclusions the future of AWT?

• The trends in waste generation support AWT
• The community is willing to pay
• There is a strong need for new technologies
• Diversion targets are driving waste from landfill
• New levies and MBIs will accelerate the trend

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Waste generation is increasing

• AWT is part of an integrated solution involving
• kerbside recycling
• clean stream biowaste and composting
• CI MRFs
• CD recycling
• EPR schemes
• minor clean streams
• AWT processing of residual waste

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Conclusions - What the industry needs

• Councils to determine
• source separation or mixed residual
• sites
• regional alliances
• willingness to pay
• Governments to define
• targets on an annual basis
• Introduce MBIs to provide carrots for waste
  generators
• pursue EPR schemes with more vigour
• improve planning approvals processes

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Conclusions the future of AWT?

• Take up of AWT has been patchy in the past
• But now a catalogue of successes
• Now delivering significant diversion from
  landfill
• Future growth is good