Mobile Communication Networks IKT501

1
Mobile Communication NetworksIKT501

• Prof. F. Reichert

2
Course Overview (1)

• Lectures Exercises
• Self Study Project II
• Exam, Dec. 12

Lecture 8
Lecture 9
Lecture 10
Lecture 11
Lecture 12
summary
reserve
Oct 17
Oct 24
Oct 31
Nov 7
Nov 14
Nov 21
Nov 28
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
Self-Study Project Description
Self-Study Project Return
http//www.hia.no/stud/eksam/daggroosh.htm
3
Course Overview (2)
08. Introduction and background
09. GSM/UMTS
10. IMS
11. IP Mobility and Mobile IP
12. MBMS, WiMAX, WLL,
13. Summary
4
Introduction

• Mobile Communication Networks Part IIIKT501

5
Cellular System Evolution (Ericsson)
http//www.ericsson.com/products/white_papers_pdf/
seamless_network.pdf
6
What if access would be free?
WiFi Network 1 at University
PC-user
Global Internet
Phone-user
WiFi Network 2 at TrainStation
WiFi Network 3 at home
Services
Phone-user
7
Today

• Today we need to buy access for GSM, broadband,
  from operators
• however we may actually be lucky that they
  exist.

! No cash? No fun!
Please, Please!
Operator
to friends, to Internet, to .
users
8
COVERAGE
Access, wherever you are!
9
Coverage
COVERAGE
10
Telenor investments 2004
COVERAGE
http//www.telenor.com/reports/2004/financial/inve
stments/
11
Coverage (Telenor, Netcom, Norway)
COVERAGE
http//www.gsmworld.com/cgi-bin/ni_map.pl?ccnone
tte
http//www.gsmworld.com/cgi-bin/ni_map.pl?ccnone
tne
12
ROAMING
Access, wherever you are!Even if the network
doesnt belong to your operator.
13
GSM World-Wide Coverage
ROAMING
over 820 networks in 220 countries/areas of the
world
http//www.gsmworld.com/roaming/GSM_WorldPoster20
05C.pdf
14
Roaming
ROAMINGv
Operators sign roaming agreementsto allow their
costumers to useforeign networks
Operator
Norway
Subcontractor relationship
Roaming
AccessNetworkProvider
AccessNetworkProvider
Access NetworkProvider
http//www.tango.lu/ http//www.madacom.com/
France
Lichtenstein
Madagascar
based on Ericsson Operatorshop business model
15
World-Wide Access Roaming
ROAMING
http//www.telenor.no/
16
Reachability
Being able to contact any person or any
service. Being able to be contacted by any person
or any service.
17
Example MCP GSM on Cruise Ships
REACHABILITY
http//www.mcpinc.biz/faq.php
18
Example MCP GSM on Cruise Ships
REACHABILITY
http//www.pts.se/Archive/Documents/SE/Presentatio
n_15_sept_2004.pdf
19
Reachability
Reachability

• Telephony services All user can reach all user
  worldwide
• Today over 2 billion mobile subscribers
• Tomorrow 10 billion (incl. sensors, machines
  etc)

http//www.gsmworld.com/roaming/GSM_WorldPoster200
5C.pdf
20
Reachability Operator Interconnection
Reachability
Interconnection
Operator1
Operator2
http//www.mobilplus.gl/
Norway
Greenland
Two operator interconnect as peers to allow their
customers to reach and communicate with each other
based on Ericsson Operatorshop business model
21
Reachability - generalized

• knowing at any time where a user is and how that
  user should be contacted.

Reachability Solution
myMobile _at_ holidays

myPC _at_ home
someone calling us
myMobile _at_ work
buzzwords presence services IMS SIP
fixed-mobile convergence always best
connected access agnostic
22
Multi-Access Vision (Nokia)
http//www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Operators/Mobile_
Operators__Service_Providers/Mobile_Networks/WCDM
A/radio_network_evolution_a4_02-2005_net.pdf
23
Roaming Interconnection
Interconnection
Operator1
Operator2
Peer
Roaming
AccessNetworkProvider
AccessNetworkProvider
Access NetworkProvider
Subcontractors
24
Reliability
Robust, secure, and trustworthy communications
25
Reliability
RELIABILITY
26
Reliability as sales argument
RELIABILITY
http//www.verizonwireless.com/
http//www.ida.gov.sg/
27
Reliability
RELIABILITY

• achieve high levels of service
• ensure network availability
• keep outage times as low as possible
• cope with high network load peaks (flash
  crowds, slashdot effect)
• provide for emergency calls

28
Capacity
handling subscriber growth and new services
typesthrough upgrading of networkswhile
retaining or increasing communication quality
29
Capacity
CAPACITY
handling subscriber growth through increasing
capacitywhile retaining communication quality
http//www.gsmworld.com/roaming/GSM_WorldPoster200
5C.pdf
30
Quality of Service (QoS)
offering subscribers different service levels and
guarantees
31
Quality of Service (QoS)
QoS

• E.g.
• average bandwidth
• peak bandwidth
• round trip delays
• jitter
• bit error rates
• network access delay
• voice quality,
• Overall network capacity
• Number of parallel data and/or voice users

• Self-Study Project

32
QoS needs of different applications (Nokia)
QoS
http//www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Operators/Mobile_
Operators__Service_Providers/Mobile_Networks/WCDM
A/radio_network_evolution_a4_02-2005_net.pdf
33
HSDPA peak user data rates (3G evolved)
QoS
downlink to user
uplink from user
http//www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Operators/Mobile_
Operators__Service_Providers/Mobile_Networks/WCDM
A/radio_network_evolution_a4_02-2005_net.pdf
34
Mobility
Mobility
Allowing users to movewhile communicating
35
Mobility across environments
Mobility
ftp//ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/directorate_d/cnt
/pubar/hungarians-guirao_en.zip
36
Vertical Horizontal Handovers
Mobility
37
Handovers
Mobility
Movement
Keeping users connected while movingbetween
radio cells
38
Cost
Cost
Making services more and more affordable
39
Revenues going down
Cost
Average Revenueper User and service (ARPU per
service)
Counter Measures Lower Cost New Revenues
time
40
Cost Reduction Ambitions
Cost
Remark Dont use the ABSOLUTE figures as true
factsbut regard them as a quantitative ambition
http//www.nokia.com/NOKIA_COM_1/Operators/Mobile_
Operators__Service_Providers/Mobile_Networks/WCDM
A/radio_network_evolution_a4_02-2005_net.pdf
41
Seeking New Revenues
Cost
Average revenueper user (ARPU) and service
possible ARPU
New Revenues byNew Services
time
42
Substitution of fixed with mobile voice
Cost
ftp//ftp.cordis.lu/pub/ist/docs/directorate_d/cnt
/pubar/jauhiainen_bremen_300604_en.zip
43
Location
Location
44
Cell-Based Position
Location
more see http//www.vtt.fi/tte/tte35/pdfs/CELLO-W
P2-VTT-D03-007-Int.pdf
45
Angle of Arrival (AOA)Received Signal Strength
(RSS)
Location
requires line-of-sight and antenna areas
more see http//www.vtt.fi/tte/tte35/pdfs/CELLO-W
P2-VTT-D03-007-Int.pdf
46
Time of Arrival (ToA)
Location
more see http//www.vtt.fi/tte/tte35/pdfs/CELLO-W
P2-VTT-D03-007-Int.pdf
47
Database Correlation Method (DCM)
more see http//www.vtt.fi/tte/tte35/pdfs/CELLO-W
P2-VTT-D03-007-Int.pdf
48
Standardization
http//www.openmobilealliance.org/tech/wg_committe
es/loc.html
49
More
More
50
Device Development
Devices
http//www.sonyericsson.com/spg.jsp?ccgblcenve
r4000templatepp1_loaderphpphp1_10336lmpp1p
id10336
features time
GSM
Bluetooth
GPRS
EDGE
WCDMA
HSDPA/HSUPA
WiFi
IMS
SMS
WAP
Email
Java
Camera
MP3
PIM
MMS
TCP/IP
WWW
FlashMem
SIP
FM
GPS
features not necessarily in right timely order
51
New Phone Concepts by Nokia
http//www.phonemag.com/index.php/weblog/read_more
/10072005_nokia_surv1_concept_shock_proof_and_shoc
kingly_awesome/
52
Summary
53
What if access would be free?
WiFi Network 1 at University
PC-user
Global Internet
Phone-user
WiFi Network 2 at TrainStation
WiFi Network 3 at home
Services
Phone-user
54
Operators provide end-users with

• Coverage
• Roaming / World-wide Access
• Reachability
• Reliability / Stability / Availability
• Capacity Quality of Service QoS
• Mobility
• Payment
• Security
• Device and service management
• Simplicity of Access Network
• Applications
• Positioning
• Support

55
The Operator Shop - A Player Model
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
ServiceProvider
The OperatorShop
The OperatorShop
Source Ericsson
56
Self-Study Project
57
Self-Study Project
4G

• What is 4G?
• Yet another buzzword?
• 3G is not even deployed fully yet
• Why would you want it?

58
Self-Study Project
4G

• What is 4G?
• Describe the current state of discussion
• Compare different opinions (who and what)
• e.g. manufacturers (Ericsson, Nokia, Lucent,
  Qualcomm, Huawei, )
• e.g. operators (Telenor, NTT DoCoMo, T-Mobile,
  France Telecom, BT, )
• e.g. other parties (EU in 6th framework
  programme, )
• List main features
• e.g., bandwidth, coverage, quality-of-service,
  infrastructure, applications
• How does 4G relate to 2G/3G?
• e.g., replacement or compliment, common or new
  infrastructure,
• e.g. timeline for introductio (2006?, 2011? )
• Your opinion
• e.g. what is your perception what 4G could or
  should be?
• e.g., why would you want or not want 4G?

59
Self Study project Starting Points
4G

• Google
• 4G.CO.UK http//www.4g.co.uk/
• IEEE 802.20
• NTT DoCoMo http//www.mobilecomms-technology.com/
  projects/4g_i-mode/
• Emerging Wireless Technologieshttp//www.safecomp
  rogram.gov/NR/rdonlyres/5C74C631-ACF6-433F-B313-C0
  4D041A5489/0/Look_Future_Wireless_Communications_B
  eyond3G.pdf
• B3G and 4G What is it good for? IST Summit
  2005http//mobilesummit2005.org/session.php?sessi
  on103
• International Forum on Future Mobile
  Telecommunications China-EU Post Conference on
  B3Ghttp//www.cordis.lu/ist/ka4/mobile/pubar/pas
  t/china_02.htm

60
Self Study Project
4G

• Expected Result
• Report, that summarizes your findings
• Length about 8-10 pages
• Language Norwegian, German or English
• At least four sections
• 4G motivation (why?)
• 4G system features (what?)
• 4G relation with 2G/3G
• Your Conclusions and Opinions
• please include references

61
References

• IP for 3G, D. Wisley, Ph. Eardley, L. Burness,
  John Wiley Sons, 2002, ISBN 0 471 48697 3
• Mobile Communications, 2nd edition,Jochen
  Schiller, Addison-Wesley, 2003, ISBN 0 321 12381
  6
• more see last slide and classfronter