Instrumental Condtioning

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Instrumental Condtioning PREE
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What is instrumental conditioning?

• Modification of behavior by its consequences
• Outcome is dependent upon the behavior
• e.g. lever-pressing

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Reinforcement

• Positive
• Stimulus whose presentation as a result of
  behavior increases the likelihood of the behavior
  occurring again in the future
• e.g. food
• Negative
• Stimulus whose removal as a result of behavior
  increases the likelihood of the behavior
  occurring again in the future
• e.g. removal of uncomfortable conditions

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Schedules of Reinforcment

• Continuous
• Intermittent
• Variable
• Fixed
• Ratio
• Interval

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Partial-Reinforcement Extinction Effect

• Animals that are partially reinforced show a
  greater resistance to extinction than animals
  that are continuously reinforced
• i.e. take longer to meet extinction criterion

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Partial-Reinforcement Extinction Effect
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Theories of PREE

• Frustration
• Sequential

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Sniffy the Rat