Robert%20P.%20Kirshner,%20Peter%20Challis,%20Tom%20Matheson,%20Malcom%20Hicken%20(CfA)

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Supernovae at the CfA Current Samples and
Applications

• Robert P. Kirshner, Peter Challis, Tom Matheson,
  Malcom Hicken (CfA)
• Saurabh Jha (UC Berkeley)
• Peter Garnavich (Notre Dame)

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MOUNT HOPKINS, ARIZONA
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Supernovae in the IAU Circulars
KAIT
SCP
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Spectroscopy at Mount Hopkins
FLWO 1.5-m Tillinghast reflector
FAST spectrograph

• 37007500Å

• Recent upgrade to optics

Three or four spectra per night, 300 spectra
per year
Reliable service observers on site
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Capability of Spectrograph
SN with R 19.8 mag
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Recent Examples
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Classification of Supernovae
560 nearby (low-z) SNe discovered in last three
years
495 have spectroscopic classifications
Mt. Hopkins program responsible for 195 (39!)
Spectra available on CfA web page
Email alerts to immediately disseminate
information
http//cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/oir/Research/supern
ova/RecentSN.html
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Spectroscopy Results SN 2001V
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Spectroscopic Database

• 387 Type Ia Spectra for SNe with calibrated light
  curves
• Epoch of spectra ranges from 14 days to several
  months past maximum
• 201 spectra from day 14 to day 14
• ?m15 range 0.85 ? 1.93
• All galaxy types
• Once photometry complete, spectroscopic sample
  will double
• All spectra from same instrument/telescope
  combination
• All spectra reduced in same manner
• Systematics for comparison are reduced

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Spectroscopic Database Distribution by Age
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Spectroscopy Results SN 1998aq
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Spectroscopy Results SN1998aq
SYNOW fit at day -9
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Spectroscopy Results SN1998aq
SYNOW fit at day 0
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Spectroscopic Database--Heterogeneity
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Spectroscopic Database Day 10
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Spectroscopic Database Day 0
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Spectroscopic Database Day 10
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Spectroscopy Results SN 1999by
Effect of titanium strength on the spectrum
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Spectroscopic Database Titanium
Bright, Slow Dim, Fast
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Spectroscopy Results SN 1999gi
Leonard et al. 2002
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Photometry at Mount Hopkins
FLWO 1.2-m reflector
4shooter camera
11' X 11' per chip
One SN per night in UBVRI
One night per dark run for photometric
calibration, templates,etc.
Service observing during scheduled programs
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Capability of CCD Camera
SN 2001V, discovered at FLWO Good U-band Response
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IR Photometry at Mt. Hopkins
Jha et al. 1999
FLWO 1.2-m Reflector with Stelircam
One SN per night in JHK
Service observing during scheduled programs
2Mass Camera and Telescope coming soon Josh Bloom
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A Couple of UBVRI Light Curves...
SN 2001V in NGC 3987
SN 1998bu in M 96
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Even More Photometry Results
Jha et al. 1999
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A Unique Data Set
U-band composite light curve
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Measuring distances MLCS2k2
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MLCS2k2 Templates
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Extinction Zeropoint
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Hubble-Flow SNe Ia
80 SNe Ia with cz 2500 km/s in CMB frame
one parameter fit aV log cz - 0.2mV0 aV
0.6838 0.0045 (random) 0.0120 (systematic)
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Measuring the Hubble Constant
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Cepheid-Calibrated SNe Ia
80 SNe Ia with cz 2500 km/s in CMB frame
same supernova data! same Cepheid data!
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Going with the Flows
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ESSENCEEquation of State SupErNovae Trace
Cosmic Expansion
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ESSENCE Survey Team
Bruno Leibundgut --- European Southern
Observatory Weidong D. Li --- UC Berkeley
Thomas Matheson --- Harvard-Smithsonian CfA
Anthony Miceli --- Univ of Washington
Gajus Miknaitis --- Univ of Washington
Armin Rest --- Univ of Washington/CTIO Adam
G. Riess --- Space Telescope Science Institute
Brian P. Schmidt --- Mt. Stromlo Siding
Springs Observatories Chris Smith ---
CTIO/NOAO Jesper Sollerman --- Stockholm
Observatory Jason Spyromilio --- European
Southern Observatory Christopher Stubbs ---
Harvard-Smithsonian CfA Nicholas B.
Suntzeff --- CTIO/NOAO John L. Tonry ---
Univ of Hawaii
Claudio Aguilera --- CTIO/NOAO Brian
Barris --- Univ of Hawaii Andy Becker ---
Bell Labs/Univ. of Washington Peter Challis
--- Harvard-Smithsonian CfA Ryan Chornock
--- UC Berkeley Alejandro Clocchiatti ---
Univ Catolica de Chile Ricardo Covarrubias
--- Univ of Washington Alex V. Filippenko
--- UC Berkeley Peter M. Garnavich ---
Notre Dame University Malcom
Hicken--Harvard-Smithsonian CfA Stephen
Holland --- Notre Dame University Saurabh
Jha --- UC Berkeley Robert Kirshner ---
Harvard-Smithsonian CfA Kevin Krisciunas
--- CTIO/NOAO
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ESSENCEEquation of State SupErNovae Trace
Cosmic Expansion

• NOAO Survey on CTIO 4m, MOSAIC for 5 years
• Shares frame subtraction pipeline with SuperMacho
  project, scheduled in other halves of
  SuperMacho nights
• Expect 200 supernovae with 0.1 lt z lt 0.8
• 3 band photometry V,R,I (observer frame)
• 2 sets of fields, so Dt4 days
• Goal is to determine the distance to each
  redshift bin (Dz 0.1) to 2
• 3 photometry at peak SN brightness

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Essence Survey Goal w
Monte Carlo of
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Supernovae, CMB, and large scale structure will
determine w to 10 This cannot fail to be
interesting! L or something else.
L
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Gajus Maknaitis, U of Washington
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The GOODs ACS Treasury Program
The Higher-Z Supernova Search Team
Adam Riess
Sees farther than others 1.2lt z lt 1.8 supernovae
Riess (STScI) Strolger (STScI) Tonry
(UH) Filippenko (UCB) Kirshner (CfA) Challis
(CfA) Casertano, (STScI) Dickinson
(STScI) Giavalisco (STScI) Ferguson (STScI)
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Expansion History of the Universe
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The Rise and Fall of Aphrodite
Oct 1
Oct 20
Aug 1
Sept 22
Oct 5
Oct 10
Oct 30
Oct 31
Nov 17
Nov 25
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Our first higher-z SN Ia, Aphrodite
Aphrodite (1ltzlt1.5)
ACS F850lp
ACS grism spectrum
NICMOS F110W
viz
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Looking back to the time when the Universe was
decelerating!
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Evidence for a change in cosmic acceleration
cosmic jerk
Future Acceleration without end?
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CfA Work Spectra for Classification Spectra for
Analysis Lightcurves UBVRI MLCS2k2 ESSENCE
onset of acceleration gt w Higher Z era of
deceleration gt jerk, w