Title: PIA 3090
1PIA 3090
- COMPARATIVE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND POLICY
2THE MAIN EVENT
- I. Golden Oldies
- II. Literary Map
- III. Grand Synthesis
3TOPIC
4Colonial Field Administration
5Basic Terms
- Terms
- 1. Local state
- 2. Local Government
- 3. Self-Governance
6Self Governance
- Elinor Ostrom- Indiana University
7Theme Bureaucracy in the Field
- TYPES OF INTER-GOVERNAMENTAL RELATIONS
- Daniel Elazar
-
8The Issue A cacophony of terms
- AT ISSUE - Location of ultimate political power
(David Easton) - Definition of Power the authoritative allocation
of values
9David Easton and Systems Theory
10PowerEminent Domain
11 Forms of Decentralization
- Concept Transfer of authority to a lower level
of government - Primary Unit of Government Lowest level that
carries a bureaucracy with it
12Nebraska Local Government
13Finding Meaning in a Concept
14PIA 3090
15Decentralization
16Confederation and loose con-federal relationships
- Power lies with the sub-units
- U.S. Articles of Confederation
- European Union (EU)
- SADC (Southern African Development Council)
- Economic Council of West African States (ECOWAS)
- ASEAN- Asia (Association of Southeast Asian
Nations) - Mercosor (Southern CommonMarket) and NAFTA
17Confederation and Perpetual Union of the United
States of America
18Federalism Key Distinction
-
- 1. Lower units cannot break away from the
National - Unit
-
- 2. National Units cannot take power away from
the lower units
19Federal Relationship
- Some power lies with the National Unit
- Some power lies with lower units
- Layer Cake vs. Marble Cake
20Layer Cake vs. Marble Cake
21Federal Examples
- USA
- Canada
- Germany - Federal Republic
- Nigeria
- India
- Russian Federation
- Austria
- Switzerland
22 Swiss Cantons
23Under Federalism
- Can transfer additional authority back to the
sub-units but not take power away from the
federated governments - For example, there is a debate over provinces in
South Africa- Only weakly Federal
24Unitary Systems
- All power ultimately lies at the national level
- What power the local level has, is given to it by
the national level - The power that the national unit has given to the
local level can also be taken away from it
25Summary of Types of Government
26Examples Unitary System
- United Kingdom
- France
- Kenya
- Ivory Coast
- Korea
- Peru
- Iceland
- South Africa? (Unitary or Quasi-Federal)
27Devolution
- Transfer to a non- Federal political body
- E.g. Budget and personal authority to district,
city and town councils
28Key Distinction
- Power lies with lower level politicians
- Note Discussion of Traditional, Colonial and
Imperial systems (Heady) - Fused systems and the fear of dissolution
29Deconcentration
- Europe and Field Administration- Tarrow
- Transfer of authority to administrators at lower
level within the administrative system. - Part of routinization of Bureaucracy
30Deconcentration of Authority in Schools
31Types of Deconcentration
- Functional Systems- Sectoral Deconcentration
-
- Prefectoral- integrated Systems- Full Territorial
-
- Prefectoral-unintegrated Mixed Territorial and
Functional
32Delegation
- Public Corporations or parastatals.
- Transfer to non-Political Board or Body
- The problem of Commercialization
- And the soft state (Turner and Hulme)
33Summary
34Privatization
- Privatization Origin and problems with public
enterprise (Turner and Holme) - Contracting Out (Why contract out? Why not?
Baker and Turner and Holme) - Out-sourcing vs. In-sourcing
35A Question? (AFSCME and Governance)
- American Federation
- Of State County and
- Municipal Employees
36Governance Issues
- 1. Democracy- the powerless of power (Orwell)
- 2. Decentralization and the critiques of
indirect democracy the human factor (Greene) - 3. Decentralization and NGOs (Are NGOs
dangerous?) Threats (Morris)
37Pushing Back
38Governance Issues-2
- 4. Decentralization and ethnic and regional
conflict- the dangers of decentralization (Heady) - 5. The Communal/municipal model vs. urban/rural
dichotomy (Picard)
39Human Conflict
40Governance Issues- 3
- 6. Decentralization (such as land reform) as a
failure - 7. Issue local government staff "bush
postings" and Rooting for the Other Team
(Morris) - 8. Decentralization and Development State
level central planning
41Biafra
42Corporatism
- The relationship between local government and
field administration (Picard) under social
corporatism. - Peak organizations, interests and technology
43Italian Corporatism as Administration
44Comments?