PIA 3090 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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PIA 3090

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U.S. Articles of Confederation. European Union (EU) SADC (Southern African Development Council) ... Transfer to a non- Federal political body ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: PIA 3090


1
PIA 3090
  • COMPARATIVE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND POLICY

2
THE MAIN EVENT
  • I. Golden Oldies
  • II. Literary Map
  • III. Grand Synthesis

3
TOPIC
  • BUREAUCRACY IN THE FIELD

4
Colonial Field Administration
5
Basic Terms
  • Terms
  • 1. Local state
  • 2. Local Government
  • 3. Self-Governance

6
Self Governance
  • Direct Democracy
  • Elinor Ostrom- Indiana University

7
Theme Bureaucracy in the Field
  • TYPES OF INTER-GOVERNAMENTAL RELATIONS
  • Daniel Elazar

8
The Issue A cacophony of terms
  • AT ISSUE - Location of ultimate political power
    (David Easton)
  • Definition of Power the authoritative allocation
    of values

9
David Easton and Systems Theory
10
PowerEminent Domain
11
Forms of Decentralization
  • Concept Transfer of authority to a lower level
    of government
  • Primary Unit of Government Lowest level that
    carries a bureaucracy with it

12
Nebraska Local Government
  • Primary
    Government

13
Finding Meaning in a Concept
14
PIA 3090
  • TEN MINUTE BREAK

15
Decentralization
  • Conceptual Alternatives

16
Confederation and loose con-federal relationships
  • Power lies with the sub-units
  • U.S. Articles of Confederation
  • European Union (EU)
  • SADC (Southern African Development Council)
  • Economic Council of West African States (ECOWAS)
  • ASEAN- Asia (Association of Southeast Asian
    Nations)
  • Mercosor (Southern CommonMarket) and NAFTA

17
Confederation and Perpetual Union of the United
States of America
18
Federalism Key Distinction
  • 1. Lower units cannot break away from the
    National
  • Unit
  • 2. National Units cannot take power away from
    the lower units

19
Federal Relationship
  • Some power lies with the National Unit
  • Some power lies with lower units
  • Layer Cake vs. Marble Cake

20
Layer Cake vs. Marble Cake
21
Federal Examples
  • USA
  • Canada
  • Germany - Federal Republic
  • Nigeria
  • India
  • Russian Federation
  • Austria
  • Switzerland

22
Swiss Cantons
23
Under Federalism
  • Can transfer additional authority back to the
    sub-units but not take power away from the
    federated governments
  • For example, there is a debate over provinces in
    South Africa- Only weakly Federal

24
Unitary Systems
  • All power ultimately lies at the national level
  • What power the local level has, is given to it by
    the national level
  • The power that the national unit has given to the
    local level can also be taken away from it

25
Summary of Types of Government
26
Examples Unitary System
  • United Kingdom
  • France
  • Kenya
  • Ivory Coast
  • Korea
  • Peru
  • Iceland
  • South Africa? (Unitary or Quasi-Federal)

27
Devolution
  • Transfer to a non- Federal political body
  • E.g. Budget and personal authority to district,
    city and town councils

28
Key Distinction
  • Power lies with lower level politicians
  • Note Discussion of Traditional, Colonial and
    Imperial systems (Heady)
  • Fused systems and the fear of dissolution

29
Deconcentration
  • Europe and Field Administration- Tarrow
  • Transfer of authority to administrators at lower
    level within the administrative system.
  • Part of routinization of Bureaucracy

30
Deconcentration of Authority in Schools
31
Types of Deconcentration
  • Functional Systems- Sectoral Deconcentration
  • Prefectoral- integrated Systems- Full Territorial
  • Prefectoral-unintegrated Mixed Territorial and
    Functional

32
Delegation
  • Public Corporations or parastatals.
  • Transfer to non-Political Board or Body
  • The problem of Commercialization
  • And the soft state (Turner and Hulme)

33
Summary
34
Privatization
  • Privatization Origin and problems with public
    enterprise (Turner and Holme)
  • Contracting Out (Why contract out? Why not?
    Baker and Turner and Holme)
  • Out-sourcing vs. In-sourcing

35
A Question? (AFSCME and Governance)
  • American Federation
  • Of State County and
  • Municipal Employees

36
Governance Issues
  • 1. Democracy- the powerless of power (Orwell)
  • 2. Decentralization and the critiques of
    indirect democracy the human factor (Greene)
  • 3. Decentralization and NGOs (Are NGOs
    dangerous?) Threats (Morris)

37
Pushing Back
38
Governance Issues-2
  • 4. Decentralization and ethnic and regional
    conflict- the dangers of decentralization (Heady)
  • 5. The Communal/municipal model vs. urban/rural
    dichotomy (Picard)

39
Human Conflict
40
Governance Issues- 3
  • 6. Decentralization (such as land reform) as a
    failure
  • 7. Issue local government staff "bush
    postings" and Rooting for the Other Team
    (Morris)
  • 8. Decentralization and Development State
    level central planning

41
Biafra
42
Corporatism
  • The relationship between local government and
    field administration (Picard) under social
    corporatism.
  • Peak organizations, interests and technology

43
Italian Corporatism as Administration
44
Comments?
  • Questions and Discussion
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