Detection and the impact of man-made interference on EES (passive) operations

1
Detection and the impact of man-made interference
on EES (passive) operations

• Thomas vonDeak
• NASA Spectrum Management Office
• 28-October-2004

Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
towards a concerted strategy" Hotel Panorama,
Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy, 28-29 October 2004
2
ITU-R WP 7C Q.MITIGATION

• Draft New Question intended to aid EES passive in
  addressing recurring issues impacting the study
  of unwanted emissions and in-band interference
  issues.
• Approved by ITU-R WP 7C on 18 March 2004
• To be considered by SG 7 (tent. Nov. 2005)
• Review of the Decides
• - What prompted the particular Decides
• - The anticipated scope of the work (my view)
• - The status of current work
• - What needs to be done (again my view)

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

3
ITU-R WP 7C Q.MITIGATION
Characterization of technical parameters and
interference effects and possible interference
mitigation techniques for passive sensors
operating in the Earth exploration-satellite
service (passive) Questions to be studied


1 Passive sensor applications and
products 2 Typical passive sensors
characteristics 3 Characterization of degradation
from all possible interference sources 4 Identific
ation of interference degradation 5 Passive
sensors interference mitigation techniques

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

4
Decides 1 Passive sensor applications and
products

• Why
• To increase the understanding within the ITU-R
  (and WRC) of the nature and impact of EES
  operations to societal and economic institutions.
• Builds on Recommendation ITU-R SA.515 Frequency
  Bands and Bandwidths used for Satellite Passive
  Sensing
• Scope (Presumably an ITU-R Report)
• Description of the various passive sensor
  operations.
• Description of post-sensor processing and
  products.
• Explanation of the interdependency between
  sensor operations in multiple bands.
• Providing a quantitative measure of product
  quality.
• More quantitative than qualitative description of
  the societal and economic value of the products.
• Overview of the future directions of sensor
  developments and their impact on products.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

5
Decides 1 Passive sensor applications and
products

• Status
• No current inputs into ITU-R WP 7C on this
  subject
• US may input contribution for the November 2005
  WP 7C meeting
• Further Work
• Review of scope

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

6
Decides 2 Typical passive sensors characteristics

• Why
• Provide a uniform set of characteristics to be
  used in sharing/compatibility studies.
• Scope Presumably a Recommendation
• Technical description of the various types of EES
  sensor characteristics
• Table of parameters of the sensor types on a
  band-by-band basis

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

7
Decides 2 Typical passive sensors characteristics

• Status
• Annex 9 of WP 7C Chairmans Report- Working
  document toward a preliminary draft new
  Recommendation - Typical technical and
  operational characteristics of Earth
  exploration-satellite service (passive) systems
  operating below 275 GHz
• Further Work
• Development of band-by-band characteristics.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

8
Decides 3 Characterization of degradation from
all possible interference sources

• Why
• Provides the foundation for developing
  interference apportionments for use in studies.
• Scope Leads to Recommendation on apportionment
• Definition of interference degradation that
  supports a methodology for evaluating the impact
  of interference and mitigation techniques on
  sensor operations and products. Possible
  candidate Increase of measurement uncertainty.
• Summary of all possible interference sources by
  types of sources
• Assessment of interference sources by type for
  their impact on sensor operations (eg., spurious
  emissions)

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

9
Decides 3 Characterization of degradation from
all possible interference sources

• Status
• Annex 21 of WP 7C Chairmans Report - Working
  document toward apportionment of interference
  criteria from Recommendation ITU-R SA.1029-2
• US might not submit inputs on this subject.
• Further Work
• Resolution of the issue regarding the nature of
  the interference and its impact on apportionment
  methodology constant vs time varying
  interference.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

10
Decides 4 Identification of interference
degradation

• Why
• Provides foundation for identifying and
  evaluating mitigation techniques that may be
  considered by designers of EES sensor systems
  and/or applied to sensor data processing
• Scope
• Defines interference parameters which can be
  potentially used to differentiate between
  man-made interference and natural emissions in
  sensor operations and sensor data processing.
• Provides methods for differentiation between
  man-made interference and natural emissions on a
  per pixel basis during sensor operations and
  sensor data processing.
• Provides methodology for assessing quantitatively
  the potential for differentiation methods to
  improve the quality of sensor data processing
  products.
• Provides methodology for assessing the impact of
  grey pixels on sensor data processing products.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

11
Decides 4 Identification of interference
degradation

• Status
• US is preparing a contribution on this subject
  for the WP 7C November 2005 meeting.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

12
Decides 5 Passive sensors interference
mitigation techniques

• Why
• Expansion of the cursory work started in
  Recommendation ITU-R SM.1542 The protection of
  passive services from unwanted emissions
• Addresses the issue of equitable burden
  sharing.
• Provides recommendation on passive sensor
  techniques that should be employed to mitigate
  interference.
• Scope
• Summary of passive sensor interference mitigation
  techniques.
• Provides methodology for quantitatively assessing
  interference mitigation techniques improvement of
  the quality of sensor data processing products.
• Recommendation on a band-by-band basis of
  interference mitigation techniques that should be
  employed by designers of sensor operations and
  sensor data processing.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

13
Decides 5 Passive sensors mitigation techniques

• Status
• US planning input for WP 7C November 2005 meeting

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

14
And Also
Computer Simulation of Active Service transmitter
emissions

• Why
• Recommendation ITU-R SM.1541 regarded as too
  conservative overstating the amount of unwanted
  emission power.
• Proposed raised cosine spectra representation
  regarded as too optimistic or incorrect.
• Computer simulated MSS feeder link transmitter
  closely matched measured spectra.
• Computer simulations can indicate the
  effectiveness and relative burden (that is, cost)
  of possible solutions.
• Scope revision of Recommendation ITU-R SM.1633
  Compatibility analysis between a passive service
  and an active service allocated in adjacent and
  nearby bands

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"

15
Computer Simulation of Active Service transmitter
emissions

• Status
• WP 9D acceptable approach.
• WP 7C supports the use of this methodology.
• WP 4A recommends use on a case by case basis in
  TG 1/9 studies.
• WP 8B not appropriate to represent radar
  transmitters.
• Further Work
• US submission into ITU-R TG 1/9 of proposed OOB
  factors for the fixed-service and fixed-satellite
  service that have been simulated with available
  parameters.

• Active Protection of Passive Radio Services
  towards a concerted strategy"