Text Classification and Information Extraction from Abstracts of Randomized Clinical Trials:

1
Text Classification and Information Extraction
from Abstracts of Randomized Clinical Trials
One step closer to personalized semantic
medical evidence search Rong Xu Yael
Garten Stanford Biomedical Informatics
2
65 year old Caucasian pneumonia treatment
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RCTs Randomized Clinical Trials
65 year old Caucasian pneumonia treatment
elderly Caucasian pneumonia treatment
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(1) Number of patients, (2) demographic group,
(3) medical disease/condition
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie T. Nursing
home residents with pneumonia are frequently
hospitalized. Such transfers may be associated
with multiple hazards of hospitalization as well
as economic costs. To assess whether using a
clinical pathway for on-site treatment of
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections in nursing homes could reduce hospital
admissions, related complications, and costs. A
cluster randomized controlled trial of 680
residents aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. Treatment in nursing
homes according to a clinical pathway, which
included use of oral antimicrobials, portable
chest radiographs, oxygen saturation monitoring,
rehydration, and close monitoring by a research
nurse, or usual care. Hospital admissions, length
of hospital stay, mortality, health-related
quality of life, functional status, and cost.
Thirty-four (10) of 327 residents in the
clinical pathway group were hospitalized compared
with 76 (22) of 353 residents in the usual care
group. Adjusting for clustering of residents in
nursing homes, the weighted mean reduction in
hospitalizations was 12 (95 confidence interval
CI, 5-18 P .001). The mean number of
hospital days per resident was 0.79 in the
clinical pathway group vs 1.74 in the usual care
group, with a weighted mean difference of 0.95
days per resident (95 CI, 0.34-1.55 days P
.004). The mortality rate was 8 (24 deaths) in
the clinical pathway group vs 9 (32 deaths) in
the usual care group, with a weighted mean
difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0 to 7.9 P
.23). There were no significant differences
between the groups in health-related quality of
life or functional status. The clinical pathway
resulted in an overall cost savings of US 1016
dollars per resident (95 CI, 207 dollars-1824
dollars) treated. Treating residents of nursing
homes with pneumonia and other lower respiratory
tract infections with a clinical pathway can
result in comparable clinical outcomes, while
reducing hospitalizations and health care costs.
300 elderly Caucasian males with lower
respiratory tract infection were observed during
20 weeks.
An unstructured abstract
5
UNSTRUCTURED ABSTRACT
Background
Objective
Methods
Results
Conclusions
Design
Setting
Participants
Intervention
Outcomes
300 elderly Caucasian males with lower
respiratory tract infection were observed during
20 weeks.
300
elderly Caucasian males
lower respiratory tract infection
6
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie T. Nursing
home residents with pneumonia are frequently
hospitalized. Such transfers may be associated
with multiple hazards of hospitalization as well
as economic costs. To assess whether using a
clinical pathway for on-site treatment of
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections in nursing homes could reduce hospital
admissions, related complications, and costs. A
cluster randomized controlled trial of 680
residents aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. Treatment in nursing
homes according to a clinical pathway, which
included use of oral antimicrobials, portable
chest radiographs, oxygen saturation monitoring,
rehydration, and close monitoring by a research
nurse, or usual care. Hospital admissions, length
of hospital stay, mortality, health-related
quality of life, functional status, and cost.
Thirty-four (10) of 327 residents in the
clinical pathway group were hospitalized compared
with 76 (22) of 353 residents in the usual care
group. Adjusting for clustering of residents in
nursing homes, the weighted mean reduction in
hospitalizations was 12 (95 confidence interval
CI, 5-18 P .001). The mean number of
hospital days per resident was 0.79 in the
clinical pathway group vs 1.74 in the usual care
group, with a weighted mean difference of 0.95
days per resident (95 CI, 0.34-1.55 days P
.004). The mortality rate was 8 (24 deaths) in
the clinical pathway group vs 9 (32 deaths) in
the usual care group, with a weighted mean
difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0 to 7.9 P
.23). There were no significant differences
between the groups in health-related quality of
life or functional status. The clinical pathway
resulted in an overall cost savings of US 1016
dollars per resident (95 CI, 207 dollars-1824
dollars) treated. Treating residents of nursing
homes with pneumonia and other lower respiratory
tract infections with a clinical pathway can
result in comparable clinical outcomes, while
reducing hospitalizations and health care costs.
7
Classes background, objective, methods,
results, conclusions
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. METHODS A
cluster randomized controlled trial of 680
residents aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. Treatment in nursing
homes according to a clinical pathway, which
included use of oral antimicrobials, portable
chest radiographs, oxygen saturation monitoring,
rehydration, and close monitoring by a research
nurse, or usual care. Hospital admissions, length
of hospital stay, mortality, health-related
quality of life, functional status, and cost.
RESULTS Thirty-four (10) of 327 residents in
the clinical pathway group were hospitalized
compared with 76 (22) of 353 residents in the
usual care group. Adjusting for clustering of
residents in nursing homes, the weighted mean
reduction in hospitalizations was 12 (95
confidence interval CI, 5-18 P .001). The
mean number of hospital days per resident was
0.79 in the clinical pathway group vs 1.74 in the
usual care group, with a weighted mean difference
of 0.95 days per resident (95 CI, 0.34-1.55
days P .004). The mortality rate was 8 (24
deaths) in the clinical pathway group vs 9 (32
deaths) in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0 to 7.9 P
.23). There were no significant differences
between the groups in health-related quality of
life or functional status. The clinical pathway
resulted in an overall cost savings of US 1016
dollars per resident (95 CI, 207 dollars-1824
dollars) treated. CONCLUSION Treating residents
of nursing homes with pneumonia and other lower
respiratory tract infections with a clinical
pathway can result in comparable clinical
outcomes, while reducing hospitalizations and
health care costs.
8
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. METHODS PARTICIPANTS A cluster
randomized controlled trial of 680 Caucasian
subjects aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. INTERVENTIONS
Treatment in nursing homes according to a
clinical pathway, which included use of oral
antimicrobials, portable chest radiographs,
oxygen saturation monitoring, rehydration, and
close monitoring by a research nurse, or usual
care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hospital admissions,
length of hospital stay, mortality,
health-related quality of life, functional
status, and cost.
9
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. METHODS PARTICIPANTS A cluster
randomized controlled trial of 680 Caucasian
subjects aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. INTERVENTIONS
Treatment in nursing homes according to a
clinical pathway, which included use of oral
antimicrobials, portable chest radiographs,
oxygen saturation monitoring, rehydration, and
close monitoring by a research nurse, or usual
care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hospital admissions,
length of hospital stay, mortality,
health-related quality of life, functional
status, and cost.
2 classes PATIENTS, OTHER
10
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. METHODS PARTICIPANTS A cluster
randomized controlled trial of 680 Caucasian
subjects aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection.
680 number
Caucasian aged 65 years or older patient
descriptors
lower respiratory tract infection disease
11
Extracting total number of patients
Easy Twelve severely brain-injured patients with
acute lung injury NUMBER DESCRIPTORS
patients with DISEASE.
Four hundred ninety-two patients , 18 years and
older , with 4 to 8 AK lesions in a 25-cm (2)
treatment area on the face or the balding scalp
were randomized 162 patients underwent screening
but were ineligible . NUMBER NUMBER
NUMBER PATIENT , NUMBER years and older ,
with NUMBER to NUMBER AK lesions in a 25-cm
NUMBER treatment area on the face or the
balding scalp were randomized NUMBER PATIENT
underwent screening but were ineligible .
12
UNSTRUCTURED ABSTRACT
Background
Objective
Methods
Results
Conclusions
Design
Setting
Participants
Intervention
Outcomes
300 elderly Caucasian males with lower
respiratory tract infection were observed during
20 weeks.
300
elderly Caucasian males
lower respiratory tract infection
13
(No Transcript)
14
(No Transcript)
15
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie T.
METHODS PARTICIPANTS A cluster randomized
controlled trial of 680 residents aged 65 years
or older in 22 nursing homes in Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes began enrollment
between January 2, 2001, and April 18, 2002, with
the last resident follow-up occurring July 4,
2005. Residents were eligible if they met a
standardized definition of lower respiratory
tract infection. INTERVENTIONS Treatment in
nursing homes according to a clinical pathway,
which included use of oral antimicrobials,
portable chest radiographs, oxygen saturation
monitoring, rehydration, and close monitoring by
a research nurse, or usual care. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES Hospital admissions, length of hospital
stay, mortality, health-related quality of life,
functional status, and cost.
16
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. METHODS
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cluster
randomized controlled trial of 680 residents aged
65 years or older in 22 nursing homes in
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes began
enrollment between January 2, 2001, and April 18,
2002, with the last resident follow-up occurring
July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible if they met
a standardized definition of lower respiratory
tract infection. INTERVENTIONS Treatment in
nursing homes according to a clinical pathway,
which included use of oral antimicrobials,
portable chest radiographs, oxygen saturation
monitoring, rehydration, and close monitoring by
a research nurse, or usual care. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES Hospital admissions, length of hospital
stay, mortality, health-related quality of life,
functional status, and cost. RESULTS Thirty-four
(10) of 327 residents in the clinical pathway
group were hospitalized compared with 76 (22) of
353 residents in the usual care group. Adjusting
for clustering of residents in nursing homes, the
weighted mean reduction in hospitalizations was
12 (95 confidence interval CI, 5-18 P
.001). The mean number of hospital days per
resident was 0.79 in the clinical pathway group
vs 1.74 in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 0.95 days per resident (95
CI, 0.34-1.55 days P .004). The mortality rate
was 8 (24 deaths) in the clinical pathway group
vs 9 (32 deaths) in the usual care group, with a
weighted mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0
to 7.9 P .23). There were no significant
differences between the groups in health-related
quality of life or functional status. The
clinical pathway resulted in an overall cost
savings of US 1016 dollars per resident (95 CI,
207 dollars-1824 dollars) treated. CONCLUSION
Treating residents of nursing homes with
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections with a clinical pathway can result in
comparable clinical outcomes, while reducing
hospitalizations and health care costs.
17
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cluster randomized
controlled trial of 680 residents aged 65 years
or older in 22 nursing homes in Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes began enrollment
between January 2, 2001, and April 18, 2002, with
the last resident follow-up occurring July 4,
2005. Residents were eligible if they met a
standardized definition of lower respiratory
tract infection. INTERVENTIONS Treatment in
nursing homes according to a clinical pathway,
which included use of oral antimicrobials,
portable chest radiographs, oxygen saturation
monitoring, rehydration, and close monitoring by
a research nurse, or usual care. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES Hospital admissions, length of hospital
stay, mortality, health-related quality of life,
functional status, and cost. RESULTS Thirty-four
(10) of 327 residents in the clinical pathway
group were hospitalized compared with 76 (22) of
353 residents in the usual care group. Adjusting
for clustering of residents in nursing homes, the
weighted mean reduction in hospitalizations was
12 (95 confidence interval CI, 5-18 P
.001). The mean number of hospital days per
resident was 0.79 in the clinical pathway group
vs 1.74 in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 0.95 days per resident (95
CI, 0.34-1.55 days P .004). The mortality rate
was 8 (24 deaths) in the clinical pathway group
vs 9 (32 deaths) in the usual care group, with a
weighted mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0
to 7.9 P .23). There were no significant
differences between the groups in health-related
quality of life or functional status. The
clinical pathway resulted in an overall cost
savings of US 1016 dollars per resident (95 CI,
207 dollars-1824 dollars) treated. CONCLUSION
Treating residents of nursing homes with
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections with a clinical pathway can result in
comparable clinical outcomes, while reducing
hospitalizations and health care costs.
18
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie T.Department
of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cluster randomized
controlled trial of 680 residents aged 65 years
or older in 22 nursing homes in Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes began enrollment
between January 2, 2001, and April 18, 2002, with
the last resident follow-up occurring July 4,
2005. Residents were eligible if they met a
standardized definition of lower respiratory
tract infection. INTERVENTIONS Treatment in
nursing homes according to a clinical pathway,
which included use of oral antimicrobials,
portable chest radiographs, oxygen saturation
monitoring, rehydration, and close monitoring by
a research nurse, or usual care. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES Hospital admissions, length of hospital
stay, mortality, health-related quality of life,
functional status, and cost. RESULTS Thirty-four
(10) of 327 residents in the clinical pathway
group were hospitalized compared with 76 (22) of
353 residents in the usual care group. Adjusting
for clustering of residents in nursing homes, the
weighted mean reduction in hospitalizations was
12 (95 confidence interval CI, 5-18 P
.001). The mean number of hospital days per
resident was 0.79 in the clinical pathway group
vs 1.74 in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 0.95 days per resident (95
CI, 0.34-1.55 days P .004). The mortality rate
was 8 (24 deaths) in the clinical pathway group
vs 9 (32 deaths) in the usual care group, with a
weighted mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0
to 7.9 P .23). There were no significant
differences between the groups in health-related
quality of life or functional status. The
clinical pathway resulted in an overall cost
savings of US 1016 dollars per resident (95 CI,
207 dollars-1824 dollars) treated. CONCLUSION
Treating residents of nursing homes with
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections with a clinical pathway can result in
comparable clinical outcomes, while reducing
hospitalizations and health care costs.
19
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. METHODS A
cluster randomized controlled trial of 680
residents aged 65 years or older in 22 nursing
homes in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes
began enrollment between January 2, 2001, and
April 18, 2002, with the last resident follow-up
occurring July 4, 2005. Residents were eligible
if they met a standardized definition of lower
respiratory tract infection. Treatment in nursing
homes according to a clinical pathway, which
included use of oral antimicrobials, portable
chest radiographs, oxygen saturation monitoring,
rehydration, and close monitoring by a research
nurse, or usual care. Hospital admissions, length
of hospital stay, mortality, health-related
quality of life, functional status, and cost.
RESULTS Thirty-four (10) of 327 residents in
the clinical pathway group were hospitalized
compared with 76 (22) of 353 residents in the
usual care group. Adjusting for clustering of
residents in nursing homes, the weighted mean
reduction in hospitalizations was 12 (95
confidence interval CI, 5-18 P .001). The
mean number of hospital days per resident was
0.79 in the clinical pathway group vs 1.74 in the
usual care group, with a weighted mean difference
of 0.95 days per resident (95 CI, 0.34-1.55
days P .004). The mortality rate was 8 (24
deaths) in the clinical pathway group vs 9 (32
deaths) in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0 to 7.9 P
.23). There were no significant differences
between the groups in health-related quality of
life or functional status. The clinical pathway
resulted in an overall cost savings of US 1016
dollars per resident (95 CI, 207 dollars-1824
dollars) treated. CONCLUSION Treating residents
of nursing homes with pneumonia and other lower
respiratory tract infections with a clinical
pathway can result in comparable clinical
outcomes, while reducing hospitalizations and
health care costs.
20
Effect of a clinical pathway to reduce
hospitalizations in nursing home residents with
pneumonia a randomized controlled trial.Loeb M,
Carusone SC, Goeree R, Walter SD, Brazil K,
Krueger P, Simor A, Moss L, Marrie
T. BACKGROUND Nursing home residents with
pneumonia are frequently hospitalized. Such
transfers may be associated with multiple hazards
of hospitalization as well as economic costs.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether using a clinical
pathway for on-site treatment of pneumonia and
other lower respiratory tract infections in
nursing homes could reduce hospital admissions,
related complications, and costs. DESIGN,
SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A cluster randomized
controlled trial of 680 residents aged 65 years
or older in 22 nursing homes in Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada. Nursing homes began enrollment
between January 2, 2001, and April 18, 2002, with
the last resident follow-up occurring July 4,
2005. Residents were eligible if they met a
standardized definition of lower respiratory
tract infection. INTERVENTIONS Treatment in
nursing homes according to a clinical pathway,
which included use of oral antimicrobials,
portable chest radiographs, oxygen saturation
monitoring, rehydration, and close monitoring by
a research nurse, or usual care. MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURES Hospital admissions, length of hospital
stay, mortality, health-related quality of life,
functional status, and cost. RESULTS Thirty-four
(10) of 327 residents in the clinical pathway
group were hospitalized compared with 76 (22) of
353 residents in the usual care group. Adjusting
for clustering of residents in nursing homes, the
weighted mean reduction in hospitalizations was
12 (95 confidence interval CI, 5-18 P
.001). The mean number of hospital days per
resident was 0.79 in the clinical pathway group
vs 1.74 in the usual care group, with a weighted
mean difference of 0.95 days per resident (95
CI, 0.34-1.55 days P .004). The mortality rate
was 8 (24 deaths) in the clinical pathway group
vs 9 (32 deaths) in the usual care group, with a
weighted mean difference of 2.9 (95 CI, -2.0
to 7.9 P .23). There were no significant
differences between the groups in health-related
quality of life or functional status. The
clinical pathway resulted in an overall cost
savings of US 1016 dollars per resident (95 CI,
207 dollars-1824 dollars) treated. CONCLUSION
Treating residents of nursing homes with
pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract
infections with a clinical pathway can result in
comparable clinical outcomes, while reducing
hospitalizations and health care costs.