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IVOA
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Astrogrid 2 Cycle 3 (Jan 2006 Jul 2006)

• Key aim
• To have 200 astronomers users of AG by mid of
  2006
• 5 papers to journals (real science)

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Cycle 3 goals (I)

• Provide stable access to 4 common science
  services
• Redshift Maker (WFS, WFCAM, SDSS)
• Colour Cutter (WFS, WFCAM, Vizier)
• Solar Movie Maker (Trace, CDS, EIT)
• Astroscope (Chandra, Spitzer,SDSS, HST)
• Provide examples of simple actions that an
  astronomer can perform with the system

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Cycle 3 goals (II)

• Generate a library of simple annotated workflows
• selecting data
• querying common catalogs
• simple use of complex tools
• simple scripting examples
• Focus on three science themes
• BiSON
• Deep Field (HST, MERLIN/VLA/EVN/WSRT, ISO, SCUBA,
  CHANDRA )
• Gould Belt (GLIMPSE, UVES, Scuba, HARPB,
• NVSS, SpecFind, Maser Surveys)

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THE US NATIONAL VIRTUAL OBSERVATORY
100 Scientific Questions for the NVO A.The
problem of heterogenous filters Locate all B,
U, V photometric measurements of dwarf galaxies
within 50 Mpc of the Earth, segregating images
from catalog values. For the measurements
returned in 1., find the technical descriptions
of the various filters used and join results.
Group listing by publication and telescope. B.
Incorporating Literature Resources List all
interferometric spectral line observations of SiO
since 1990. List all published observations of
SiO in bi-polar outflow sources since 1990.
(publishedobservations have resulted in
published paper) Of the observations found in
4., which have images or spectra publicly
available? C. Using Object classifications in
image searches Find all images of molecular
clouds within 30 arcminutes of HII regions from a
given sample. Retrieve all images of
non-thermal, polarized sources within 500 pc of
the Galactic Center. Of the items found in 7.
which are thread-like? Given a list of
galactic, non-thermal sources, located the N
(e.g. three) closest (in angular distance)
thermal radio continuum sources and the N closest
molecular clouds.
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THE US NATIONAL VIRTUAL OBSERVATORY
SDSS Q2 Find all galaxies with blue surface
brightness between and 23 and 25 magnitude per
square arcseconds, and super galactic latitude
(sgb) between (-10º, 10º), and declination less
than zero. Q3 Find all galaxies brighter than
magnitude 22, where the local extinction is
gt0.175. Q4 Find galaxies with an isophotal
surface brightness (SB) larger than 24 in the red
band, with an ellipticitygt0.5, and with the major
axis of the ellipse between 30 and 60arc
seconds (a large galaxy). Q6 Find galaxies that
are blended with a star and output the deblended
galaxy magnitudes. Q7 Provide a list of
star-like objects that are 1 rare. Q9 Find
quasars with a line width gt2000 km/s and
2.5ltredshiftlt2.7. Q11 Find all elliptical
galaxies with spectra that have an anomalous
emission line. Q12 Create a grided count of
galaxies with u-ggt1 and rlt21.5 over
-5ltdeclinationlt5, and 175ltright ascensionlt185, on
a grid of 2 arc minutes. Create a map of masks
over the same grid. Q14 Find stars with
multiple measurements that have magnitude
variations gt0.1. Q15 Provide a list of moving
objects consistent with an asteroid. Q16 Find
all objects similar to the colors of a quasar at
5.5ltredshiftlt6.5. Q17 Find binary stars where
at least one of them has the colors of a white
dwarf. Q20 For each galaxy in the LRG data set
(Luminous Red Galaxy), in 160ltright
ascensionlt170, count of galaxies within 30"of it
that have a photoZ within 0.05 of that galaxy.
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VO prototypes
Brown Dwarf Search Science Prototype Real-Time
Cross Matching of Large Catalogs
Gamma-Ray Burst Follow-Up Service Science
Prototype
Galaxy Morphology Science Prototype A Case
Study in Grid Computing
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NVO services

• NVO Registry (http//nvo.stsci.edu/VORegistry/ind
  ex.aspx) - Browse NVO-Ready Data Collections to
  locate source catalogs, image archives, and other
  astronomical resources registered with the NVO
• DataScope (http//heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/vo
  /datascope/init.pl) - Discover and Explore Data
  in the Virtual Observatory from archives and data
  centers around the world
• Quick Region Inventory (http//irsa.ipac.caltech.e
  du/applications/QuickStats/) -View Catalog
  Coverage Maps and Source Inventories for the
  position or object name you are interested in
• Open SkyQuery (http//openskyquery.net/Sky/skysite
  /) - Query Databases and Cross-Match Object Lists
  from some of the largest on-line catalogs in
  astronomy
• WESIX (http//nvogre.phyast.pitt.edu8080/wesix/)
  - Perform Source Extraction and Object
  Identification by detecting objects in your own
  images and matching them with objects in the
  major survey catalogs
• VOEventNet (http//voeventnet.caltech.edu/GCN.html
  ) - Explore the Multiwavelength Sky in the
  Vicinity of Transient Events that have recently
  been observed
• Repair Image Coordinates in images with
  inaccurate or misaligned coordinate systems. NOAO
  WCS fixer (http//nvo.noao.edu/wcsfixer/)
  Pittsburgh WCS fixer (http//nvogre.phyast.pitt.ed
  u/wcs/)
• Make mosaics from 2MASS, DPOSS, or SDSS images
  (Montage).

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TeraGrid
The NVO has proposed to initiate the process
whereby the computational resources of the NSF
TeraGrid project can be combined with the NVO to
enable astronomers to explore and analyze these
new data sets in order to understand the physical
processes that drive the formation and evolution
of our universe

1. expose massive data to massive computing through
   NVO protocols,
2. run representative applications to explore that
   data,
3. foster new projects in astronomy that use NVO
   services and TeraGrid resources,
4. encourage new ways to use supercomputing
   facilities for science.

Atlasmaker A Grid-based Implementation of the
Hyperatlas Resolving star formation in galaxies
Montage Fitting Quasar Spectra N-Point
Correlation Functions of Galaxies The Cosmic
Microwave Background Grid
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NVO Grants

• Finding and Exploring Merging Pairs of Galaxies
  in 2MASS Using the NVO
• An Image Pipeline for Supernovae Detection
• A Search for Dusty Halos Around Post-Starburst
  Galaxies
• Redshift X-Ray Galaxies from SDSS and ROSAT
  PSPC Pointed Observations The Catalog and
  Initial Applications to AGN-Starburst Connections
• Incorporating Time-Series Datasets into the VO
  to Use RR Lyrae and Other Tracer Populations for
  a Large Scale Galactic Structure Study
• Utilizing Catalog Cross-Matching for Discovery
  and Study of Quasars
• Detecting Embedded Intermediate Mass Stars
  Using the NVO
• Archiving the Red Sequence Cluster Survey and
  Quasar Environment at z 1 using NVO tools.
• Multiwavelength Exploration of a Complete
  Sample of Steep Spectrum Sources from the Texas
  Interferometer Survey A Database Incorporating
  VLA 20cm Snapshots
• Simulatneous Multicolor Detection of Objects
  Using the Virtual Observatory
• Photometric Redshifts and Galaxy Cluster
  Finding with the NVO
• Mapping the Virtual Universe
• Enabling Follow-Up Observations of Supernovae
  Sky Transient Event Infrastructure
• Charting the Milky Way Halo with GALEX and SDSS
  RR Lyrae Candidates
• Large Area Multiwavelength Characterization of
  Faint VLA FIRST Radio Sources See in the Spitzer
  SWIRE Survey
• NVO Study of Super Star Clusters in Nearby
  Galaxies

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Plans

• A number of components that are under active
  development and that we expect to be included in
  subsequent requests for TeraGrid resources.
• On-Demand Services
• Image Federation
• Data Mining Services
• Theory-Observation Interface

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Science Problems (http//wiki.astrogrid.org/bin/vi
ew/VO/ScienceProblemList)
ActiveGalaxiesUnbiasedStudy AGBstarCandidates
ActiveStarProperMotions BrownDwarfSelection
AG Core ClassifyXraySourcePopulation
ComplexObjectIdentification DeepFieldSurveys
AG Core DynamicsofAGNandStarburstNuclei
GalacticMaserFaradayRotation GalaxyClustering
AG Core GammaRayBursterLocalisation
GetGalaxyRedshift HaloWhiteDwarfs HiZQuasars
AG Core LowSurfaceBrightnessGalaxyDiscovery
AG Core OpticalNearIRGalaxyClusterSelection
AG Core PreDiscoveryMiningSN
QuasarHostGalaxiesBlackHoleMasses
SpectralEnergyDistributions StarFormingRegionStr
ucture SupernovaGalaxyEnvironment AG Core
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AstroGrid Science Problems - 'The AstroGrid Ten'
BrownDwarfSelection imaging
DeepFieldSurveys imaging, radio, multi-lambda
GalaxyClustering imaging, algorithms
HiZQuasars imaging, spectral
LowSurfaceBrightnessGalaxyDiscovery images, alogorithms
MagneticStormOnset STP
SolarCoronalWaves solar
SolarStellarFlareComparison astro, solar
STPSolarEventCoincidence solar, STP
SupernovaGalaxyEnvironment imaging, spectral
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AstroGrid Science Themes create a framework in
which user defined science cases can be
developed, building upon the science services and
data/tool access capabilities present in the
system.
Multi-Lambda imaging This builds on the Top Ten
cases Deep Field surveys, HiZ Quasars Science
service redshift maker Examplar case clusters
at 0.5 lt z lt 1.5 from UKIDSS data Stellar
Populations This builds on the brown dwarf
selection case Science service colour cutter
Examplar case Gould Belt objects, IMF in
clusters Morphologies This builds on the LSB
galaxy discovery case Exemplar case HII, SNR
and PN in Ha surveys Extreme Objects This
builds on the SN environment case Science
service astroscope Examplar case GRB alert
data integration Sun Earth-Connection This
builds on the solar/STP cases Science service
solar movie maker Exemplar case CME -
Magnetosphere connection
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Plans

• A major initial driver for the AG project was to
  support the effective scientific exploitation of
  major projects emerging in the 2003-2005 time
  frame, with particular emphasis on the VISTA
  project.
• The capabilities now planned for AG-2 aim to meet
  the demands of other projects identified by
  PPARC's Science Committee as being of high
  scientific importance to the UK community.
• exploitation of the UK's investment in European
  Southern Observatory (ESO) (now)
• the two Gemini telescopes (now)
• XMM-Newton (now)
• SWIFT (late 2003)
• WFCAM (2004)
• VISTA (2006)
• e-MERLIN(2007)
• Herschel (2007)
• Planck (2007)
• ALMA (2008-10)
• GAIA (2010-12)
• JWST (gt2010)
• Xeus (gt2012)

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Plans
Science Drivers from Herschel Galaxy formation
and evolution in early universe and the nature of
active galaxies Star forming regions and
interstellar medium physics in Milky Way and
external galaxies Molecular chemistry of
cometary, planetary and satellite atmospheres in
solar system Science areas like these will
require the use of the capabilities of VOs and
AG2 in particular to enable access to
complementary data sets at all wavelengths from
radio to X-ray and beyond. Science priorities
such as probing protoplanetary discs and
star-forming regions, or investigating Ultra
Luminous IR Galaxies and testing cosmological
theories against the properties of high-redshift
objects, involve regions which are heavily
obscured by dust or which are most securely and
rapidly identified using the broadest spectral
energy distribution Towards the Euor-VO
Delivering the AVO Science Reference Mission.
Solar System Research With the incorporation of
the UKSSVO project into the AGproject a number of
Solar and STP prioriteis will be addressed. These
will include investigating basic plasma
processes such as magnetic reconnection on
multiple scales from solar flares, flaring in
active galactic nuclei, to magnetospheric
reconnection.
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Plans
Facilitating New Ways of Working Topic specific
workspaces, giving access to all data and tools
relevant to a certain astrophysical problem.
Aided work-flows, where the user constructs a
personalised data pipeline, using VO components,
and in a manner where the system provides
sophisticated guidance. Methods whereby the
outputs of data manipulations can be
automatically fed back into the operations of
telescopes, both for real-time and ordinary
observational programmes. Advanced ways of
visualising and exploring multi-channel data.
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• The VOTech project is divided up into a set of
  Design Study areas
• DS1 DesignStudyManagement
• DS2 TechnicalProjectManagement
• DS3 InfraStructure
• DS4 UserTools (http//wiki.eurovotech.org/bin/vie
  w/VOTech/AvoSrmAnalysis)
• DS5 ResourceDiscovery
• DS6 DataExploration (Data Mining and
  Visualization)

StageOne (Jan 2005 - Sep 2005) StageTwo (Oct
2005 - Mar 2006) StageThree (Apr 2006 - Sep
2006) StageFour (Oct 2006 - Mar 2007)
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Science Reference Missions
S1 Circumstellar disks from pre-Main Sequence
stars to stars harbouring planets S2
Intermediate Velocity Clouds S3 Which star
will go Supernova next? S4 Initial Mass
Function within 1 kpc from planetary to stellar
masses S5 Initial Mass Function for massive
stars S6 The contribution from low and
intermediate mass stars to the interstellar
medium S7 Galaxy Formation and Evolution from
z 10 to z 0.1 S8 Build-up of supermassive
black holes
List of Tools Tool T1 multi-waveband image
tool T2 best fitting T3 SED builder from
archival data T4 positional cross matcher T5
access to theoretical data T6 robotic
telescope interface T7 generic source
extraction
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Scenarios vs. Tools
No. Requirement S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Count
T1 multi-waveband data 8
T2 model/profile fitter/classificator - - 6
T3 on-the-fly SED builder - - - - 4
T4 cross-matcher, map comparison - - 6
T5 access to theoretical data (see also T2) - - - - - - 2
T6 robotic telescope interface - - - - - - - 1
T7 generic source extractor - - - 5
other Requirements S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Count
- data coverage all-sky (vs. scattered src.) - - - - - - 2
T1 image convolution - - - - - - 2
T2 line ID database - - - - - 3
T1 PSF matching capability - - - - - - 2
T3 search by col./col or col/mag. index - - - - 4
? time dependent analysis - - - - - - 2