ICTHYOLOGY

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ICTHYOLOGY THE STUDY OF FISH
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Domain EukaryaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum
ChordataSubphylum Vertebrata

• FISH CLASSES
• p.779-792

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Class Myxini

• Jawless, mouth tentacles
• HAGFISH

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Class Cephalaspidomorphi

• Jawless, rasping tongue
• LAMPREY

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Class Chondrichthyes

• CARTILAGINOUS ENDOSKELETON
• GILL SLITS
• VENTRAL MOUTH
• NO SWIM BLADDER
• SHARKS, SKATES, RAYS
• 700 SPECIES

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CLASS OSTEICHTHYES

• BONY ENDOSKELETON
• SWIM BLADDER
• MUCUS COVERED SCALES

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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• MUCUS COVERED SCALES
• Protects against pathogens
• overlapping / provide protection
• oriented to posterior to reduce friction making
  fish more hydrodynamic
• Rings determine fish age

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SKELETAL SYSTEM

• Provides protection and support
• Pectoral girdle supports fore limbs
• Pelvic girdle supports hind limbs
• Skull / spinal column / vertebrae / ribs

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Maxilla nonmovable jaw
• Mandible movable jaw
• Teeth oriented to posterior to impale
  prey
• Esophagus food tube connects mouth
  to stomach
• Stomach breaks down food

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DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Intestine absorbs nutrients
• lining contains villi (finger like
  projections)
• increase surface area for nutrient absorption
• Liver secretes bile to break down fats
• Gall bladder stores bile
• Pancreas secretes digestive enzymes
• Anus undigested materials exit

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• Transports nutrients and waste
• 2 chambered heart
• Atrium receives blood
• Ventricle pumps blood

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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• SINUS VENOUSreturns blood to the heart
• CONUS ARTERIOUSsend blood from heart to gills
• Blood vessels
• Arteries carry blood away from heart
• Veins carry blood to heart
• Capillaries connect arteries to veins

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• Exchanges gases
• Gills / gill filaments (double row)
• Feathered for increased surface area
• Countercurrent flow
• Water flows opposite of blood

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

• Swim bladder
• Contains oxygen/carbon dioxide/ nitrogen obtained
  from blood
• use to control buoyancy
• may provide oxygen for respiration
• May amplify vibrations

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EXCRETORY SYSTEM

• Removes wastes
• Kidney filters urine
• Urinary bladder stores urine before
  elimination

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NERVOUS SYSTEM

• Receives stimuli and responses
• Brain / spinal cord
• sensory organs compound eyes / nares /
  lateral line

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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• Produces gametes
• GONADS testes / ovaries
• Spawn eggs
• Milt sperm
• External fertilization
• Spawning females release eggs
• Males swim over releasing sperm

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IMMUNE SYSTEM

• Fights infection
• MUSCULAR SYSTEM
• Provides movement
• ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
• Maintains homeostasisproduces hormones

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Questions