Typology of spate irrigation systems

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Typology of spate irrigation systems?????? ???
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• Wadi seasonal river, water course, often dry.
• ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????
  ???????
• Sad a weir of masonry, concrete or stone
• ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ???????
• Qanat a canal within the irrigation net work
• ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????
• Ogma Traditional earth embankment getting into,
  or carried right across, the wadi, in order to
  divert water into a canal
• ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??
  ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????
• Obar/Ober Traditional canal intake, also refers
  to the head reach supplied by an Ogma
• ????/??? ???? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??? ?????
  ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????
• Atm Traditional earth super projecting into the
  wadi watercourse
• ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????

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?Saed Dam ??
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Traditional dyke at Hadramaut ??????? ???????? ??
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Gnat canal ??????
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Typology ??????

• Size of the systems ??? ??????
• Type of infrastructure ??? ?????? ???????
• Type of operation and maintenance ??? ???????
  ????????
• Source of water???? ?????

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Size of the systems??? ??????
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Type of infrastructure??? ?????? ???????
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Type of organization ??? ????????
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Source of water???? ??????
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