Street

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• Street Other Outdoor Lighting Where Are The
  Energy Saving Opportunities?

Terry McGowan, FIES, LC Lighting Ideas,
Inc. lighting_at_ieee.org
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Street and Other Outdoor Includes
Street Roadway Outdoor Parking
Areas Safety
Security Lighting
Signs Signals
Buildings Decorative Sports
Recreational
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• Outdoor Lighting Energy Use
• 8 of the energy used for all lighting
• 58,000 GWh/year
• 93 (of the 8) Energy Use Roadway Parking
  Area
• 85 Use HID or Other Efficient Light Sources
• 60 High Pressure Sodium
• 20 Mercury
• 5 Metal Halide
• 4 Incandescent
• 10 Low Pressure Sodium, Fluorescent Other
• 60 Million Cobra-Head Luminaires
• U.S. DOE. Lighting Market Characterization
  Vol.1 National Lighting Inventory and Energy
  Consumption Estimate 9/02

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• Why Now?
• 1/1/08 Mercury Ballasts Obsolete (2005 EPACT)
• Lighting Zones Being Adopted CA and
  Elsewhere Light Levels Based Upon Population
  Density
• HID Headlights 2000 Lumen (Halogen) ? 4000
  Lumen (HID) Which Roadways Should Be Lighted?
• FHWA Now Doing All Roadway Visibility Research
  With Headlights. Lighting Recommendation
  Changes?
• Growing Sensitivity To Environmental Impact,
  Glare, Stray And Wasted Light
• Solid State Lighting Systems LED Cities

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Electric Outdoor Lighting Some Background
1879 - 1881
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Public Square, Cleveland OH 1879 Brush Arc
Lights, 150 Foot Poles
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Menlo Park, NJ December 31,
1879
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New York City - Installing Underground Wiring for
the Pearl Street Station - 1882
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1884 Edison Torchlight Parade NYC
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Outdoor Lighting Applications
Driven By Light Source Developments 1876
Jablochkoff "Candle" (Carbon Arc Lamp) 1879
Incandescent Lamp 1958 Mercury
Lamp 1900 1950
2000 1938 Fluorescent
Lamp
2005 LEDs 1965 MH and HPS Lamps
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1939 New York Worlds Fair Trylon and
Perisphere First Outdoor Fluorescent Lighting
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State Street - Chicago 1957 The Great White
Way
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Outdoor Lighting Applications
Driven By Light Source Developments 1876
Jablochkoff "Candle" (Carbon Arc Lamp) 1879
Incandescent Lamp 1958 Mercury
Lamp 1900 1950
2000 1938 Fluorescent
Lamp
2005 LED 1965 MH and HPS Lamps
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Every Major Electric Light Source Was First
Used For Outdoor Lighting
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Every Major Electric Light Source Was First Used
For Outdoor Lighting -- Except LEDs.
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Outdoor Lighting Applications 1st. Limits
Driven By Light Source Developments 1876
Jablochkoff "Candle" (Carbon Arc Lamp) 1879
Incandescent Lamp 1958 Mercury
Lamp 1900
1950
2000 1938 Fluorescent Lamp
1970 First Ordinance
1965 MH
and HPS Lamps
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Outdoor Lighting Environmental Considerations

• Chicago Skyline Same Night

Before 1100 p.m.
After 1100 p.m. Results -
Bird mortality cut by 80 -
10,000 bird deaths avoided/year
- Program now expanded to New York, Toronto and
other cities
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Outdoor Lighting Environmental Considerations
CIE 1502003 includes recognition of the
implications of light on animals and plants
First compilation of research information on
plants and animals - useful for lighting design
Helpful for understanding the wavelength (color)
aspects of environmental lighting
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• Street Other Outdoor Lighting
• What Are The Energy Saving Opportunities?
• Other Benefits Quality, Lower Costs .
• What Kind of Programs Make Sense
• Mercury Luminaire Replacement
• LED Streetlight Test
• How Should Environmental Concerns Be Included?

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• Street Other Outdoor Lighting
• What Are The Energy Saving Opportunities?
• Other Benefits Quality, Lower Costs .
• What Kind of Programs Make Sense
• For Example, Mercury Luminaire Replacement
• How Should Environmental Concerns Be Included?

Because Of The Fast-Changing Technology, This is
A Good Time To Address The Issues.
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Terry McGowan lighting_at_ieee.org
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