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Forensic Science

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Title: Forensic Science


1
Forensic Science
  • James Anderson
  • Jennifer Roth
  • Sally Millsap

2
Rutherford County Sheriffs Department
3
Observe the Scene
  • Gain control and secure
  • Locate or separate witnesses
  • Locate physical evidence
  • Document everything

4
Investigating a Crime ScenePhotography
  • Overall shot
  • General shot
  • Specific shot
  • (25 ft. to 1 ft.)
  • Macro shot
  • (1 in. to 0.03 mm)
  • Every picture is included in a photo log.

35 mm camera recommended over digital
5
Scene Sketch
  • Rough sketch
  • Prepared at scene by investigator
  • Finished sketch
  • Duplicate of rough prepared to scale using
    templates and exact distances
  • Scale drawing
  • Primarily for courtroom presentation

6
Collection of Physical Evidence
  • Physical Evidence any tangible article, small
    or large, which tends to prove or disprove a
    point in question.
  • Latent fingerprints
  • Foot and tire impressions
  • Ballistics and firearms
  • Entomology

7
Brushing latent print with magnetic powder
Footprint ready for casting
8
Gun shot victim simulation
Determining estimated time of death using maggots
9
Instructor Sgt. Phillip Martin
Left BC3 participants with Sgt. Martin Right -
Developing latent prints using cyano-acrylic
pack.
10
Sheriff Truman Jones
BC3 participants with Sheriff Truman Jones
11
Murfreesboro Police Department
12
Use of Evidence
  • Reconstruct crime
  • Identify participants
  • Confirm or discredit alibi
  • Profile suspect
  • Send items to ATF, TBI, or FBI

13
Evaluation of a Crime SceneOrganized /
Disorganized Scene
  • Organized
  • Planned event
  • Targeted stranger
  • Weapon/Evidence absent
  • Body hidden
  • Disorganized
  • Spontaneous offense
  • Victim/Location known
  • Weapon/Evidence often present
  • Body left in view

14
Characteristics of Suspect
  • Disorganized
  • Below average
  • Inadequate
  • Unskilled
  • Minimal interest
  • Organized
  • Average to above intelligence
  • Socially competent
  • Skilled work preferred
  • Follows crime in news

15
Statement Analysis
  • Statement from a witness
  • I left my house right after breakfast to join my
    friends at the track for the day.I drove back to
    my house, made a few calls, then went out to
    dinner with Stan Thompson.Stan dropped me off at
    my house around 1000. After I changed my
    clothes I left the house to spend the night at my
    cousin Toms. Around midnight we heard fire
    engines and got up to see what was going on.

16
Statement Analysis
  • Statement from a witness
  • I left my house right after breakfast to join my
    friends at the track for the day.I drove back to
    my house, made a few calls, then went out to
    dinner with Stan Thompson.Stan dropped me off at
    my house around 1000. After I changed my
    clothes I left the house to spend the night at my
    cousin Toms. Around midnight we heard fire
    engines and got up to see what was going on.

17
Instructor Major Jim Gage
BC3 participants with Major Gage
Sharing about statement analysis
18
Areas of Focus in Forensic Science
  • Anthropology
  • Entomology
  • Toxicology
  • Serology
  • Pathology
  • Climatology
  • Botany

DNA identification
19
Contact Information
  • Rutherford County Sheriffs Department
  • - Sgt. Phillip Martin
  • (615) -898-7770
  • Murfreesboro Police Department Major Jim Gage
  • (615) 893-2717

20
Contact Information
  • James Anderson LaVergne High School
  • andersonj_at_rcs.k12.tn.us
  • Jennifer Roth Central Middle School
  • rothj_at_rcs.k12.tn.us
  • Sally Millsap Blackman High School
  • millsaps_at_rcs.k12.tn.us

21
Forensic Science
  • James Anderson
  • Jennifer Roth
  • Sally Millsap

22
Lesson One
Physics I 11th/12th gradeUnderstanding Vector
ApplicationThrough Blood Spatter Analysis
  • 1.2 Analyze and apply Newtons three laws of
    motion
  • 1.4 Investigate kinematics and dynamics

23
Why is blood spatter analysis helpful to law
enforcement?
  • When drops of blood fly everywhere, they obey
    normal laws of physics.
  • They move through parabolic arcs before striking
    a solid object.
  • Since blood is quite viscous, it forms clearly
    shaped drops on surfaces it reaches.

24
Setup
  • Lab stations will be set up with different
    spatter collections
  • Students will break into groups and be given
    materials related to the lab.

Measuring splatter pattern
25
Results
  • Students will measure droplets and calculate
    point of origin

26
Evaluation
  • Students will be demonstrating how kinematic
    theories can be applied.
  • Students need to accurately predict the origin
    location

Origin
Blood splatter calculations completed
27
Links
  • Mathematical Journeys Analysis Lab
  • Blood Spatter Interpretation
  • Mrs. Demumbreum Blood Spatter Lab
  • Ward's Blood Spatter Analysis
  • Extensive Links to Further Forensic Sources

28
Lesson Two
  • State Objectives for 8th grade
  • Diversity and adaptation among living things
  • 8.5.2 Identify characteristics used by
    scientists to classify organisms into different
    categories.
  • A. Infer the relatedness of different organisms
    using a system of classification.
  • B. Compare different organisms according to
    similarities and differences in their structures
    and function.

29
Classifying Flies and Beetles
  • Classification- the arrangement of organisms into
    orderly groups based on their similarities.
  • Classify the Blowfly, from Kingdom to Species.
  • Classify the Pine Beetle from Kingdom to Species.

30
Comparing Flies to Beetles
  • Tell the differences between the Blowfly and the
    Pine Beetle.
  • Compare the life cycles of each insect.

31
Why Identify Flies and Beetles at a Crime Scene?
  • Bugs are predictable.
  • Certain bugs come in at certain times.
  • Most flies lay eggs in the daytime.
  • These samples will be used to help in identifying
    the approximate time of death.

32
Setup
  • Divide students into teams and provide materials.
  • Try to have posters of the life cycles, and if
    possible have samples of the insect at each stage
    of development.

Beetle life cycle
33
The Fly
34
Evaluation
  • Students can be assigned a research project on a
    insect of their choosing and then compare
    contrast their findings to the fly or beetle.
  • Students can be tested on what Kingdom, Phylum,
    or Species their insect is in.

Maggots are useful in estimating time of death.
35
LINKS
  • Patton High School Forensic Science
  • American Board of Forensic Entomology
  • Entomologist and Criminalist - M. Bencke
  • Forensic Entomology
  • Forensic Entomology Page International

36
Lesson Three
  • Chemistry I state course description
  • Students study should include both qualitative
    and quantitative descriptions of matter and
    changes that matter undergo.

37
The Importance of Qualitative Data in Suspect
Identification
  • Data (Information) is split into two categories
  • Quantitative - observations that are recorded as
    numbers, often measurements
  • Qualitative data observations about the nature
    of something, recorded without using numbers

Microscope for physical evidence
38
Application
  • Crime scene investigators and detectives must be
    very observant of physical evidence at a crime
    scene.

Citizens need to be observant to assist law
enforcement at a crime scene.
Crime scene tape protects physical evidence.
39
Setup
  • During the lesson on qualitative and quantitative
    data, the School Resource Officer simulates a
    robbery of the teacher to show the importance of
    (observation) qualitative data.

Cameras provide qualitative data
40
Results
  • Students will be given a index card to write down
    everything they remember about the suspect.
  • Students will also be given a suspect
    identification form.

Witnesses provide information for suspect sketches
41
Could you complete this form?
42
Evaluation
  • Class discussion on the differences and
    similarities in the qualitative data observed in
    the robbery.
  • School Resource Officer shares strategies for
    observation at crime scene for store clerks and
    bank tellers.

SRO Mark Meshotto Blackman High School
43
Links
  • Tennessee Forensic Science Links
  • C.S.I. on Television
  • Crime Scene Investigation

44
Thank You
  • Sgt. Phillip Martin
  • Major Jim Gage
  • Nancy Stewart
  • Rebecca and Jennings Jones Foundation
  • Tennessee Mathematics, Science, and Technology
    Education Center
  • Business Education Partnership
  • Rutherford County Schools

45
Forensic Science
  • James Anderson
  • Jennifer Roth
  • Sally Millsap
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